<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874</id><updated>2012-01-29T08:08:30.946-08:00</updated><category term='fruit fly brain'/><category term='maxillo.facial surgery'/><category term='minicells'/><category term='female menopause'/><category term='genetic code'/><category term='Parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cells'/><category term='GM foods'/><category term='Optical illusion'/><category term='Sea  contamination.'/><category term='TALKING    ANIMALS'/><category term='plastic surgeons'/><category term='nature'/><category term='first earth  cosmonaut'/><category term='Inorganic life'/><category term='chimeric embryos'/><category term='thesis tutor'/><category term='Subhuman Project'/><category term='digital life'/><category term='Dna'/><category term='Human echolocation'/><category term='heavy isotopes'/><category term='Languages'/><category term='Wishes for the 2009'/><category term='Male sperm'/><category term='3D sun&apos;s images'/><category term='Paternal age'/><category term='AI'/><category term='Chernobyl disaster'/><category term='NEW   VACCINE   AGAINST   TUBERCULOSIS'/><category term='artificial  blood'/><category term='islands'/><category term='DRUGS AND  IQ'/><category term='SETI and SETIHOME'/><category term='HEALTH AND B12 VITAMIN'/><category term='STEM  CELLS and TERATOMAS'/><category term='renewable energy'/><category term='retinal layers'/><category term='postgraduates'/><category term='invisible man'/><category term='5 top scientific videos'/><category term='Personalized medicine'/><category term='Creationism.'/><category term='String theory'/><category term='Adolescent brain'/><category term='Casimir forces'/><category term='fat cells'/><category term='Incompleteness theorem'/><category term='Fake trees'/><category term='multiverses'/><category term='human ageing'/><category term='RNA interference'/><category term='Moral machines'/><category term='ions'/><category term='brain scan'/><category term='marathon runners'/><category term='Longevity  Project'/><category term='circadian rhythm'/><category term='meditation and emotions'/><category term='Encyclopedia'/><category term='massive extinction'/><category term='Mind'/><category term='Life'/><category term='interview'/><category term='Olympic Games'/><category term='bacteria feed on iron'/><category term='ALS. Lou Gehrig'/><category term='time hourly zones'/><category term='DOLPHIN-HUMAN  BEINGS  COMMUNICATION'/><category term='Sistema sanitario chileno'/><category term='3-D: an illusion?'/><category term='galileo mission'/><category term='Cambrian species'/><category term='hot prings'/><category term='LES and Malaria'/><category term='terminal patients'/><category term='geodes'/><category term='superstar'/><category term='exoplanets. kepler telescope'/><category term='Ordenadores'/><category term='Founders or killers?'/><category term='Icarus'/><category term='female brain'/><category term='caral'/><category term='face partial transplantation'/><category term='breast augmentation'/><category term='GMOs'/><category term='Dowsing'/><category term='biogas'/><category term='polar lakes'/><category term='Einstein Relativity Theorie'/><category term='Transgenic products'/><category term='New paradigm'/><category term='Beta cells'/><category term='New colliders'/><category term='sperm adaptations'/><category term='HIV adquired by transfused blood bank units'/><category term='retinal cells'/><category term='WORLD TODAY: LESS VIOLENT:'/><category term='brain human connectome'/><category term='Transgenic monkeys'/><category term='preceramic diet'/><category term='Coming discoveries II'/><category term='robotic hand'/><category term='Woolly mammoth'/><category term='NEW   TREATMENT   FOR   LEUKEMIA'/><category term='NOBEL   AWARDS  to  ASIAN COUNTRIES'/><category term='Cyclic   universe'/><category term='renewable energy.'/><category term='question of the year'/><category term='blue laser'/><category term='Bionic'/><category term='tsunami'/><category term='supercapacitors'/><category term='Gases that bounce off each other'/><category term='human  self-suicide hangings'/><category term='Paraplegics rats'/><category term='Windpipe transplant'/><category term='chemistry prize nobel 2008'/><category term='Bird migration'/><category term='Gliese 581 System'/><category term='exploring solar system'/><category term='Health reform'/><category term='hydraulic hand'/><category term='photovoltaic cells'/><category term='gravity zero'/><category term='Space elevator'/><category term='brain and biologic networks'/><category term='hemicraniectomy'/><category term='urbanization'/><category term='CONSEQUENCES   OF   BLAST   BOMBS'/><category term='Sauropods'/><category term='scientific research made by children'/><category term='Phobos'/><category term='atheism'/><category term='Brain Neuroplasticity'/><category term='stone tools'/><category term='francis crick'/><category term='division'/><category term='Embryonic stem cells'/><category term='Pentawer face'/><category term='Useful lifespan'/><category term='second debut'/><category term='alzheimer'/><category term='Neardentals'/><category term='Colour blindness'/><category term='Short term memory'/><category term='FEMALE   PSYCHOPATHS'/><category term='CUSTOMIZED   ARTIFICIAL  LIGHT'/><category term='Mycobacterium tuberculosis'/><category term='peruvian rockets'/><category term='mental illness'/><category term='alcoholism'/><category term='Embrapa'/><category term='Heridas sin cicatrices.'/><category term='imprinting'/><category term='Neoteny'/><category term='Second genesis'/><category term='dolphins'/><category term='wonderful 14'/><category term='DIABETES'/><category term='energy from our galaxy'/><category term='STEALTH   SUKHOI  T50'/><category term='ANNUAL LINDAU MEETING'/><category term='Moving the Earth'/><category term='parallel worlds'/><category term='Younger  Dryas'/><category term='DEATH'/><category term='Saturn´s moons'/><category term='dogmatic science'/><category term='MULTICELLULAR   ORGANISMS'/><category term='IVF'/><category term='Genetic therapy'/><category term='new physics'/><category term='orgn self-regeneration'/><category term='CH4 in MArs'/><category term='Genius memory matic'/><category term='Moore&apos;s Law.'/><category term='Magaly TV'/><category term='Superconductivity'/><category term='NOBEL PRIZE VACCINE'/><category term='alive fossil'/><category term='progeria'/><category term='Maternal milk'/><category term='NATURAL  REGENERATION  OF  THE HEAD'/><category term='GENIC THERAPY IN HEMOHILIA B'/><category term='TLC PERU-USA'/><category term='poisonous medicines'/><category term='GIANT  SUPERSOLDIERS  ANTS.'/><category term='Brain evolution'/><category term='moses cross the red sea'/><category term='flavours'/><category term='END  OF  STARS'/><category term='faces of the sun'/><category term='Deja vu'/><category term='deep impact'/><category term='Bibliotecas clasicas'/><category term='Medicine Nobel Prize'/><category term='god and science'/><category term='fetal adaptative plasticity'/><category term='stereoscopic vision'/><category term='cubesat'/><category term='Skin cells'/><category term='new sea soecies.'/><category term='semiconductors'/><category term='ANDROIDS   BEYOND  US'/><category term='teen agers crimes'/><category term='Learning with autists'/><category term='Mind-body relationship'/><category term='Sunhealing'/><category term='volcanes  de  islandia'/><category term='anti-wrinkle cream'/><category term='general anesthesia'/><category term='solar minimum'/><category term='Miniblackholes'/><category term='NOVEL   PSYCHIATRIC  RESEARCH'/><category term='ENERGY   OF  THE  AMAZON'/><category term='ELECTRONIC  EPIDERMIC  TATTOO'/><category term='Stem cell'/><category term='Peruvian ECI 2010 of Summer'/><category term='Ardipithecus'/><category term='stanozolol'/><category term='Stem cells and Obama'/><category term='Hyperconnectivity'/><category term='Limbs formation'/><category term='byplanes'/><category term='digital dental procdures'/><category term='Cloned human blastocysts'/><category term='Phoenix Mars Lander'/><category term='Minority Report.'/><category term='inmortality'/><category term='cognitive illusions'/><category term='Flying autos'/><category term='family  planning'/><category term='A human runner'/><category term='PEER   REVIEW   SYSTEM'/><category term='research institutes'/><category term='PC to 35 dollars'/><category term='Schizophrenia'/><category term='THE  ORIGINS   OF  THE  POLITICAL  ORDER'/><category term='fast infectious disease diagnosis'/><category term='blood groups types'/><category term='Kennedy&apos;s murder'/><category term='PIONEERING ARTIFICIAL  TRACHEA  TRANSPLANT'/><category term='lifespan.'/><category term='Mario Capecchi in Lima.'/><category term='Geron'/><category term='talking    with  dolphins'/><category term='Juventud infinita'/><category term='Artificial portable lung'/><category term='transsexuals'/><category term='Trasplante humano'/><category term='Aliens and faith'/><category term='master    nudomatic'/><category term='GULF OF MEXICO :  DISASTER CONTINUES'/><category term='3D san laser'/><category term='RESISTANCE  AGAINST  ANTIQUE   GERMS'/><category term='Chaos theory'/><category term='Bioinformatic'/><category term='E.T.'/><category term='ovarian transplants'/><category term='euthanasia'/><category term='ageing reversal'/><category term='Estado de la Ciencia'/><category term='Breaktrough/2007'/><category term='Diabecell'/><category term='Science fiction'/><category term='recombinase enzym'/><category term='thesis adviser'/><category term='ST and D in Malaysia'/><category term='tandem-x-'/><category term='Peru y  Chile : sun energy.'/><category term='Mind control'/><category term='Peruvian earthquake.'/><category term='3-D printing'/><category term='universal red cells'/><category term='Intuition'/><category term='virtual lab'/><category term='Portable Light  Project'/><category term='telepathy'/><category term='Phds.'/><category term='quantum theory'/><category term='anabolics'/><category term='Music'/><category term='dna teleportation'/><category term='MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS TREATED WITH STEM CELLS'/><category term='2010'/><category term='Terraforming space planets'/><category term='pharmacogenomic'/><category term='Tunnel'/><category term='e. book- reader'/><category term='Science and Technology in China'/><category term='internal ramp'/><category term='Hallucionogens'/><category term='New immune cells'/><category term='dark energy'/><category term='civilizations'/><category term='Blue Brain Project'/><category term='SLAVVOJ    ŽIŽEK'/><category term='information and  energy'/><category term='Teeth'/><category term='Cell nuclear transfer'/><category term='Biofuel'/><category term='Neuroplasticidad cerebral'/><category term='macular degeneration'/><category term='desalination plants'/><category term='medical prescripction abuse'/><category term='YTER'/><category term='scientific breakthrough 2007.'/><category term='magneticshield'/><category term='Cell Reprogramming'/><category term='extremely thin'/><category term='Pseudomona aeruginosa deaths'/><category term='Scanning tunneling microscopes'/><category term='gerontology'/><category term='ethics'/><category term='deliberate practice'/><category term='giant crystals'/><category term='miraculous water'/><category term='Physic Prize Nobel 2009'/><category term='meteorite'/><category term='spacewalks'/><category term='transgenic mice'/><category term='unified physics'/><category term='synthetic cell'/><category term='Planck satellite'/><category term='taylorized organs'/><category term='iridium'/><category term='Paul saffo'/><category term='ALIENS   IN   CUSCO?'/><category term='RNA'/><category term='rice vaccines'/><category term='ISS'/><category term='FRENCH   NUCLEAR   POWER'/><category term='virtual world'/><category term='Sechin Bajo'/><category term='Epithetiker'/><category term='Science in underdeveloped countries'/><category term='extended life span'/><category term='memes'/><category term='Mario Capecchi.'/><category term='superbabys'/><category term='spinal cord injury repair'/><category term='medical thinking'/><category term='PISA test results'/><category term='air pollution and cardiovascular damage'/><category term='bodybuilders'/><category term='machines'/><category term='Mita and impoverishment'/><category term='virtual worlds'/><category term='brain holistic body map'/><category term='nanotubes'/><category term='Sun Power'/><category term='stem cells'/><category term='2008'/><category term='testosterone'/><category term='Child and learning'/><category term='New ova  after birth'/><category term='first quantum machine'/><category term='electronic spin'/><category term='How the brain works'/><category term='ANTIMATTER'/><category term='CellScope'/><category term='Inmune cells against cancer'/><category term='Human time spatial orientation'/><category term='Cloned animals'/><category term='Origin of species'/><category term='designer baby'/><category term='DREAMS'/><category term='marriages'/><category term='hurricanes'/><category term='Volcanoes'/><category term='weightlessness'/><category term='hearing  with the skin'/><category term='vaccines in Peru'/><category term='3D images'/><category term='chajrauma'/><category term='Lesbian pregnancies'/><category term='state of science'/><category term='hospital  malapraxis'/><category term='Dinos. Peruvian Andes'/><category term='permafrost'/><category term='The language of the Life'/><category term='imprinted brain hypothesis'/><category term='Mars 500'/><category term='CHINESE BOY'/><category term='New ideas:2009.'/><category term='chinese scientists'/><category term='norway noah ark'/><category term='exercise  and vitamin c'/><category term='disease'/><category term='Carros con celdas de Hidrógeno'/><category term='tinniest transistor'/><category term='one family'/><category term='Animal-Human Hybrid embryo'/><category term='Chemistry Prize Nobel 2009.'/><category term='OPTIMISM'/><category term='natural selection'/><category term='resinous trees'/><category term='Jupiter&apos;s moons'/><category term='darwin'/><category term='neurolaw'/><category term='distorted perception'/><category term='human inmortality'/><category term='Human epigenome project'/><category term='forensic science'/><category term='Superatoms'/><category term='Yellow Fever'/><category term='Altered conciousness  states'/><category term='Voyager   1'/><category term='renewable  energy'/><category term='stereo mission'/><category term='AIDS'/><category term='Faster space travels'/><category term='sleep'/><category term='infrared laser light'/><category term='seeds'/><category term='wate4 from fog'/><category term='dead spermatozoon'/><category term='THE SEA THAT WAS NOT DEAD'/><category term='multiple intelligence'/><category term='chronic radiation exposure'/><category term='placenta and fetal brain'/><category term='false expectations'/><category term='dung of llamas'/><category term='Brain/machine/Interface'/><category term='sandbar'/><category term='Propaganda and media'/><category term='blind snakes'/><category term='Meteorite de Carancas'/><category term='inmune response'/><category term='Cancer:new ideas'/><category term='learning'/><category term='supercomputers'/><category term='better  than monolingual'/><category term='retinitis pigmentosa'/><category term='Deep brain stimulation.'/><category term='Self healing'/><category term='vaccination'/><category term='E8'/><category term='THE    GERMAN    E.  COLI'/><category term='science publications'/><category term='Chinese enterovirus'/><category term='Nuclear engine of the Earth'/><category term='Mars'/><category term='HIV virus'/><category term='hydrocephalus'/><category term='warmholes'/><category term='Spore'/><category term='spitzer telescope'/><category term='dual satellites'/><category term='Universal vaccine'/><category term='criminal mind'/><category term='Forever teeth'/><category term='SURPRISES AT MERCURY'/><category term='Extraterrestrial signals'/><category term='sharks'/><category term='Plato'/><category term='Uranium dirty bombs'/><category term='Peruvian mining collpase'/><category term='Yellow fever vaccination'/><category term='chyroptera'/><category term='binary systems'/><category term='bilingual'/><category term='congealed oocytes'/><category term='unreal tournament'/><category term='Flying artificial  insects'/><category term='australian salt wells'/><category term='intra-utero surgery'/><category term='Boson de Higgs'/><category term='DAWN  AND  VESTA'/><category term='mules'/><category term='Singularity University'/><category term='Tutankamon'/><category term='Arboform'/><category term='dust stellar debris'/><category term='Qaidam Basin'/><category term='TECHNO and -SCIENCE'/><category term='Lightnings'/><category term='Large Hospitals/NY Presbyterian Hospital/Mount Sinai Medical Center'/><category term='Natural medicine'/><category term='Terraqueous UFO'/><category term='Branson on education'/><category term='Pluto  surface'/><category term='exoplanets'/><category term='World hunger'/><category term='spermatogonial cells'/><category term='syndromes'/><category term='kheops pyramid'/><category term='glucose level'/><category term='New  pattern- kilo'/><category term='Prize Nobel of Chemistry'/><category term='Atlantis shuttle'/><category term='Lady of Pacopampa'/><category term='useful  data'/><category term='gene therapy'/><category term='Flower evolution'/><category term='El  Estado de la ciencia 2008'/><category term='plant   flowering'/><category term='Memristors'/><category term='Human ESC differentiation'/><category term='Cold fussion'/><category term='chinese cities'/><category term='LESSONS FROM BIOFUELS'/><category term='EXTRATERRESTRIAL ORIGEN  OF  LIFE'/><category term='PARAPLEGICS ON THE LEGS'/><category term='SYNTHETIC    WINDPIPE   TRANSPLANT'/><category term='Plants'/><category term='A HEART  FOREVER'/><category term='wood into bone'/><category term='Chemistry  Prize Nobel 2007'/><category term='Plutonium bomb'/><category term='Ego tunnel'/><category term='caravaggio'/><category term='without pain'/><category term='machines almost humans'/><category term='Physics Nobel Prize'/><category term='FORMATION   OF  INSECT  WINGS'/><category term='insuline.'/><category term='applied biosystems'/><category term='spatial capsule'/><category term='Methane cycle'/><category term='brave future'/><category term='espacio tiempo'/><category term='9 Prize Nobel winners'/><category term='Algae'/><category term='full face&apos;s transplant'/><category term='Jurasic Park'/><category term='art and science'/><category term='diabetes type II'/><category term='Large Hadron Collider'/><category term='Sustainable development chaotic cities'/><category term='Liquavista'/><category term='New vaccines'/><category term='flying dinos'/><category term='GPS'/><category term='90 y + Study'/><category term='BRAIN DISEASES IN EUROPA'/><category term='freedom to speech'/><category term='Neil Turok'/><category term='Pekin games'/><category term='Sun storage cells'/><category term='Enlarged lifespan'/><category term='earthqueakes and tsunamis'/><category term='Brain growth'/><category term='fetal dna'/><category term='new fundamental particles'/><category term='exotic spheres'/><category term='Mercury first photos'/><category term='tailorized mdicine'/><category term='Peruvian meteorite'/><category term='Thalidomide'/><category term='alcoholism rates'/><category term='Global climatic change'/><category term='James Watson'/><category term='Neovessels'/><category term='brazilian science'/><category term='Transhumanism'/><category term='botox'/><category term='Synthetic biolgy'/><category term='Easy with eve'/><category term='Nuclear Fussion'/><category term='new inserted memories'/><category term='design babies'/><category term='drones'/><category term='ultramicroscope'/><category term='siRNA'/><category term='Icub'/><category term='troodon'/><category term='BROKEN   SYMMETRY'/><category term='blind watchmaker'/><category term='Salamanders'/><category term='katrina hurricane'/><category term='THE  STRENGTH OF COMETS'/><category term='Meningitis/Vaccination'/><category term='DEEP SPACE Internet'/><category term='nuclear energy'/><category term='Memoria'/><category term='HIV maturation'/><category term='trichromatic vision'/><category term='Neuroscience in next 20 years'/><category term='dinosaurs'/><category term='daniel alcides carrion'/><category term='synesthesia'/><category term='Malaria'/><category term='Everything Theory'/><category term='genes and   schizophrenia'/><category term='human sperm'/><category term='ELECTRONIC  NEURONS  AND  SYNAPSES'/><category term='Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011'/><category term='alopecia'/><category term='New  computer algorithm'/><category term='Heart patches'/><category term='bill gates/ blackholes/ robots'/><category term='DINOS'/><category term='death in sace'/><category term='Educacion y tecnologia'/><category term='Connectomes'/><category term='Synthetic genomes'/><category term='airship with hydrogen'/><category term='biological basis'/><category term='Nanomedicine'/><category term='danish   rocket'/><category term='Atlantid'/><category term='Mars images 2008'/><category term='Oldest mothers'/><category term='Nazca culture and huarangos'/><category term='Quantic computation'/><category term='Nanobots'/><category term='AN EVOLUTIONARY ADVANTAGE.'/><category term='CHINESE SPACE FIVE-YEAR PLAN'/><category term='TIME OF DAY AND SKIN CANCER'/><category term='energy use'/><category term='Stem cell therapy'/><category term='Short and long term memory'/><category term='fake in research'/><category term='Tunel   Emisor   Oriente'/><category term='Chinese space program'/><category term='M.R.I.'/><category term='extinction'/><category term='NOW    COMES   THE   iPv6'/><category term='stres'/><category term='terahertz camera'/><category term='HIV in human bone marrow'/><category term='acute radiation exposure'/><category term='ENDURANCE EXERCISE AND IMPROVED HEMATOPOIESIS.'/><category term='lung on a chip'/><category term='Extende lifespan'/><category term='punctuate equilibrium'/><category term='Life in Titan'/><category term='Niels bohr'/><category term='science-tech in Germany'/><category term='HAWKING at 70'/><category term='Darpa-arm'/><category term='Retinal chip'/><category term='Evo-devo'/><category term='Brain hemispheres'/><category term='brain   rewiring'/><category term='CONICET'/><category term='Lepra lepromatosa'/><category term='Tutankhamen´s death'/><category term='satellital navigation systems'/><category term='electronic cloth'/><category term='TEACHING-LEARNING'/><category term='Girl MCP certified.'/><category term='delta wings'/><category term='birth control'/><category term='DNA methylation'/><category term='human life in space'/><category term='bose einstein condensation'/><category term='Self fertilization'/><category term='Ranas'/><category term='entropy.'/><category term='jet lag'/><category term='new synapsis'/><category term='artificial bronchus'/><category term='Artificial Leaf'/><category term='fasting'/><category term='Ancient snakes'/><category term='kuru'/><category term='German biomedical research'/><category term='articles.'/><category term='Star trek'/><category term='Hypercosmic God'/><category term='Not so deep.impact'/><category term='Self-Replicators'/><category term='Mind body problem'/><category term='Nasa satellite  images'/><category term='Optogenetics'/><category term='Superheavy isotopes.'/><category term='Ministar on earth'/><category term='fetal programming'/><category term='Neardenthal extinction'/><category term='writing reading methods'/><category term='sleep deprivation'/><category term='muscle strenght training'/><category term='nigerian children'/><category term='Reading and brain'/><category term='Steven Pinker'/><category term='How works the brain (III)'/><category term='human clonation'/><category term='big bang'/><category term='Breaktrough of the year 2008'/><category term='lymphocytes T'/><category term='Reincarnation'/><category term='neurotransmissors'/><category term='Rifampicin  failure'/><category term='supercentenarians'/><category term='SenseCam'/><category term='Vaccine against prostate cancer'/><category term='informal scientific education'/><category term='Digital life design'/><category term='Videogames.'/><category term='genomic transplants'/><category term='intensive care unit'/><category term='CAPTURED'/><category term='undersea volcanos'/><category term='AFTER  THE  DEATH'/><category term='hydrogen buses'/><category term='gravity properties'/><category term='Alzheimer disease.'/><category term='Alzheimer disease'/><category term='clonation'/><category term='Stem Cell transplant'/><category term='argentine ant'/><category term='zebroid'/><category term='mammooths'/><category term='dead genes comes back'/><category term='Satellite Goce'/><category term='Sirtuins'/><category term='Artificial supersilk'/><category term='A  SUBSURFACE  OCEAN  ON  ENCELADUS'/><category term='embryo dental mouse nodule'/><category term='HUMAN   SILICON   NEUROTRANSMITTERS'/><category term='MEDICAL NEWS'/><category term='glucose biosensor'/><category term='Monkeys in Mars'/><category term='New ideas'/><category term='colored neurons'/><category term='head wins'/><category term='Neural  education'/><category term='Meat-eaten plants'/><category term='new horizons mission'/><category term='Fermat ecuation'/><category term='Laser'/><category term='Synapse'/><category term='scotch tape 3M'/><category term='CT-scan'/><category term='how   to  learn  best'/><category term='Educaion peruana'/><category term='artificial blood/'/><category term='Lithium&apos;s research'/><category term='brain faces recognition'/><category term='rapid diagnosis de tuberculosis'/><category term='Dream control'/><category term='neural stem cell'/><category term='techno devices and deep thought'/><category term='massive  black  holes'/><category term='cancer regulations'/><category term='European LHC.'/><category term='higgs boson'/><category term='infrascanner'/><category term='X-MEN'/><category term='virus'/><category term='sadult stem cells and cancer.'/><category term='paraplegia'/><category term='Bibliotecas.'/><category term='Memory'/><category term='2 SUNS  EXOPLANET'/><category term='spintronic'/><category term='Pomac'/><category term='Animals  and....'/><category term='b vitamins'/><category term='chimeras'/><category term='Human Intelligenece'/><category term='Death languages'/><category term='BENEFICIAL   EFFECTS   of    YOGURT'/><category term='paired brains'/><category term='Cusco'/><category term='REGENERATING   INFARCTED  HEART   AREAS'/><category term='Homo habilis'/><category term='Astrophysic'/><category term='bioprint'/><category term='Science-and Technology in Spain'/><category term='Amazon'/><category term='avatar'/><category term='Vertical farms'/><category term='El ecologista esceptico'/><category term='hurricane&apos;s eye'/><category term='Summaovni'/><category term='IQ'/><category term='vegetables code bars'/><category term='biological dogma'/><category term='Galileo'/><category term='bicrhromatic vision'/><category term='Chinese defensive rockets'/><category term='british petroleum'/><category term='Boeing'/><category term='journal'/><category term='Abel 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term='parthenogenesis'/><category term='Epygenetic  program'/><category term='chretinal chips for the blind'/><category term='quantum  doppelganger'/><category term='glicerina'/><category term='measuring time'/><category term='mammoths'/><category term='nutricion'/><category term='KARDEXMATIC'/><category term='Peruvian prehispanic trepanation'/><category term='artificial cell'/><category term='metabolic personalized nets'/><category term='more power to women'/><category term='Planetary internet'/><category term='solar energy'/><category term='insect flying'/><category term='Supervirus'/><category term='virtual and real worlds'/><category term='tunnel effect'/><category term='nature genetics'/><category term='french  glacier'/><category term='artificial schock absorber'/><category term='HUmanity future'/><category term='medical devices under cyberattacks'/><category term='brain   rewirung'/><category term='Inadequate modern men'/><category term='Robots'/><category term='pictures of 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cultures'/><category term='Menristor'/><category term='Liver transplant'/><category term='quadruplets'/><category term='Twins'/><category term='giant rats'/><category term='conjoined  head  twins'/><category term='India   science'/><category term='Optografia'/><category term='adapted bacteria'/><category term='Titan'/><category term='Neotropical flora'/><category term='god'/><category term='spacecraft Kepler'/><category term='rabies'/><category term='QUIMERIC   MONKEYS'/><category term='migratory waves'/><category term='Heroin addiction'/><category term='interoceptive consciousness'/><category term='Tunguska'/><category term='mummification'/><title type='text'>Ciencia</title><subtitle type='html'>&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; </subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default?start-index=101&amp;max-results=100'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>1384</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-4413476144081237095</id><published>2012-01-29T08:08:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-01-29T08:08:31.045-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='X-MEN'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='CHINESE BOY'/><title type='text'>X-MEN, CHINESE BOY</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9fIZYYcTcE"&gt;WATCH&amp;nbsp; VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Youhui a chinese boy of 8 years old, native of Guanghou (China), surprised the world by having certain catlike visual characteristics: I) If his blue eyes are focused in the dark with a flashlight they glow (possibly due tohunting crickets and read in almost total darkness. Since in these circumstances his pupil (usually a circle), becomes a thin horizontal line (similar to cat, to absorb all the light possible), it is possible that his tapetum lucidum has 200 million or more rods (sensitive cells to light), allowing to increase about 50 times every trace of light. Normal humans have only 120 million rods.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;III) If his eyes are focused with blue-green light, his pupils like the cat are split into tight vertical lines, possibly to better control the light entering his eyes. Sure, this is a genetic atavism developed in very ancient Chinese populations, due to constant darkness caused by dust storms, which also conditioned the obliquity of their eyes. Surely, Nong has less cones than normal humans, having only vision for the green, blue and maybe red. In return he must have a large binocular visual field and an extensive view for which he potentially would be an excellent flyer or a football midfielder. reflection of ocular light on the outside by a disproportionate tapetum lucidum. II) He is capable of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;NIÑO X-MEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Nong Youhui, un niño chino de 8 años, natural de Guanghou (China), sorprende al mundo por poseer ciertas características visuales gatunas: I) Si sus ojos azules, son enfocados con una linterna en la oscuridad : brillan (posiblemente debida al reflejo de la luz ocular hacia el exterior por un desproporcionado tapetum lucidum. II) Caza grillos y lee en la penumbra o en oscuridad casi total. Dado que en estas circunstancias su pupila (normalmente un circulo), se convierte en una tenue línea horizontal (semejante al gato, para asimilar toda la luz posible), es posible que su tapetum lucidum cuente con 200 millones o mas bastones (células muy sensibles a la luz), permitiéndole incrementar unas 50 veces cualquier rastro de luz. Los humanos normales apenas poseen 120 millones de bastones. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;III) Si sus ojos son enfocados con luz azul-verde, su pupila al igual que la de los gatos se fracciona en apretadas líneas verticales, posiblemente para controlar mejor la luz que ingresa a sus ojos. Un atavismo genético desarrollado con toda seguridad en antiquísimas poblaciones chinas, a causa de la oscuridad provocada por constantes tormentas de arena, que condicionaron además la oblicuidad de sus ojos. Es posible que Nong posea menos conos que los humanos normales, teniendo solo visión para el verde, el azul y quizás el rojo. En compensación debe poseer un gran campo visual binocular y una extensa vista panorámica por lo que potencialmente seria un excelente aviador o centrocampista de futbol. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-4413476144081237095?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/4413476144081237095/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=4413476144081237095&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4413476144081237095'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4413476144081237095'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2012/01/x-men-chinese-boy.html' title='X-MEN, CHINESE BOY'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-9209342500605255651</id><published>2012-01-22T18:21:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-01-22T18:21:10.822-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='GIANT  SUPERSOLDIERS  ANTS.'/><title type='text'>GIANT  SUPERSOLDIERS  ANTS.</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;According to &lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/"&gt;&lt;span id="goog_307085809"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Ehab Abouheif&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span id="goog_307085810"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(McGill University / Canada), the ant genus Pheidole, developed from ancient (35-60 million years ago), giant soldier ants with huge jaws and disproportionate heads to plug holes that served as input, preventing entry of enemy ants. With the passage of time, this feature waned, now appearing in certain species at 1/15 000 ants. Abouheif and his team developed a giant soldier ant from a worker ant, to which he administered in the larval stage, high doses of juvenile hormone in a specific time. When a queen leaves an egg, another queen is generated applying it appropriate light and temperature. With proper nutrition and juvenile hormone is generated a giant soldier ant. The novelty of this experiment is that although the expression of these traits (atavisms), are lost, the ants retained the genetic potential to restore the trait. According to Abouheif, such potential atavisms, also exists in other species (in humans? human supersoldiers?). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;HORMIGAS SOLDADO GIGANTES&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-q91Al-u-dx0/TxzD-0U-atI/AAAAAAAAFIw/0dwZ-7XXKCw/s1600/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" nfa="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-q91Al-u-dx0/TxzD-0U-atI/AAAAAAAAFIw/0dwZ-7XXKCw/s1600/images.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Según Ehab Abouheif (McGill University/Canada), el género de hormigas Pheidole, desarrolló de antiguo (hace 35-60 millones de años), hormigas-soldado gigantes, con enormes mandíbulas y cabezas desproporcionadas que servían para tapar agujeros de entrada, impidiendo la entrada de hormigas enemigas. Con el correr del tiempo, este rasgo menguó presentándose en la actualidad en ciertas especies a razón de 1/15 000 hormigas. Abouheif y su equipo desarrollaron una hormiga-soldado gigante a partir de una hormiga obrera, a quien administraron en estado larvario, altas dosis de hormonas juveniles en cierto momento especifico. Cuando una reina deja un huevo, se genera otra reina aplicándole luz y temperatura apropiada. Con hormonas juveniles&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;y nutrición apropiada se genera una superhormiga soldado. Lo novedosos de este experimento es que aunque la expresión de estos rasgos (atavismos), se pierden, se retiene el potencial genético para readquirirlos. Para Abouheif tales atavismos potenciales existen también en otras especies(¿supersoldados humanos?).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-9209342500605255651?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/9209342500605255651/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=9209342500605255651&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/9209342500605255651'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/9209342500605255651'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2012/01/giant-supersoldiers-ants.html' title='GIANT  SUPERSOLDIERS  ANTS.'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-q91Al-u-dx0/TxzD-0U-atI/AAAAAAAAFIw/0dwZ-7XXKCw/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7174822325767540747</id><published>2012-01-19T05:27:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-01-19T05:27:20.405-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Needed changes in science'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Adaptative eyeglasses'/><title type='text'>NEEDED CHANGES in SCIENCE</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AXErFf591zY/TxgZzYRyf3I/AAAAAAAAFH8/cW5vvZ2gY3U/s1600/84CASATU8FCAFNO707CA9S5V6ACAK675FICA1KUH0DCAEFXU9ACAQA5S98CAAEZZAFCAO6TLEYCAFUSEQMCAHC97MMCAX0PE4ECANUZUXLCAY8CMW2CA074667CAGD8V34CACVSTXU.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" nfa="true" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AXErFf591zY/TxgZzYRyf3I/AAAAAAAAFH8/cW5vvZ2gY3U/s1600/84CASATU8FCAFNO707CA9S5V6ACAK675FICA1KUH0DCAEFXU9ACAQA5S98CAAEZZAFCAO6TLEYCAFUSEQMCAHC97MMCAX0PE4ECANUZUXLCAY8CMW2CA074667CAGD8V34CACVSTXU.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;In USA and Europe, a growing group of young scientists struggle to change certain uses and modes of official science which they consider expensive, elitist and outdated. I) With just 4000 euros young scientists develop their own ideas, especially in biology, using modified homemade instruments (made with 3-D printer). Genspace, is a nonprofit laboratory, open to the public based in Brooklyn, Boston and San Francisco, which broadcasts their work via online. Another wing of the movement: &lt;a href="http://for-bio-hackers-lab-work-often-begins-at-home/"&gt;for-bio-hackers-lab-work-often-begins-at-home&lt;/a&gt;DIYbio (make your own biology), share ideas on biology, with over 2,000 members. The central idea of these young people is that many brains working in collaboration in biotechnology, can realize ideas quickly and efficiently. They argue that many good things in biology, are simply waiting. The creation of lethal diseases in these laboratories is difficult because young scientists follow strict security measures. II) Another problem are the currently prevalent &lt;a href="http://open-science-challenges-journal-tradition-with-web-collaboration/"&gt;scientific journals&lt;/a&gt; (Elsevier, NEJM), estimated as elitist, expensive and temporarily outdated. Peer review (revisions), in these journals takes months, subscriptions are expensive and there are a number of obstacles that limit the flow of information. ResearchGate, an online social platform, has 1.3 million members, home 350 000 papers and 40 million abstracts, being a great site for serious investigation and research collaboration. Young people call for open science, online collaboration without borders, free and instantaneous flow of ideas. Besides ResearchGate, already circulate online : arXiv, PLOs, GalaxyZoo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;SIGNOS DE LOS TIEMPOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;En USA y Europa un creciente grupo de jóvenes científicos, pugna por cambios tendientes a democratizar ciertos usos y modos de la ciencia oficial, a la que consideran cara, elitista y desfasada. I) Con apenas 4000 euros jóvenes científicos desarrollan ideas propias -especialmente en biología- empleando instrumentos caseros modificados (fabricados con 3-D printer). Genspace, es un laboratorio no lucrativo, abierto al público con sedes en Brooklyn, Boston y San Francisco, que difunde sus trabajos vía online. Otra ala del movimiento: DIYbio (haz tu propia biología), comparte ideas cotidianamente sobre biología, con más de 2,000 miembros. La idea central de estos jóvenes es que muchos cerebros trabajando en colaboración en biotecnología, pueden materializar ideas con rapidéz y eficiencia. Sostienen que muchas cosas buenas en biología, están simplemente esperando. La creación de enfermedades letales en estos laboratorios es difícil porque sus directivos siguen estrictas medidas de seguridad. II) Otro problema son los journals científicos (Elsevier, NEJM), estimados como elitistas, caros y desfasados temporalmente. Las revisiones peer review en estos journals toma meses, las suscripciones son caras, existiendo además, una serie de trabas que limitan la difusión de la información. ResearchGate, una plataforma social online, cuenta con 1.3 millones de miembros, alberga 350 000 artículos, 40 millones de resúmenes, siendo un gran sitio para investigación seria y colaboración en investigación. Los jóvenes claman por ciencia de puertas abiertas, colaboración online sin fronteras, libre e instantáneo flujo y reflujo de ideas. Aparte de ResearchGate, ya circulan via online: arXiv, PLOs, GalaxyZoo.. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7174822325767540747?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7174822325767540747/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7174822325767540747&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7174822325767540747'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7174822325767540747'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2012/01/needed-changes-in-science.html' title='NEEDED CHANGES in SCIENCE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AXErFf591zY/TxgZzYRyf3I/AAAAAAAAFH8/cW5vvZ2gY3U/s72-c/84CASATU8FCAFNO707CA9S5V6ACAK675FICA1KUH0DCAEFXU9ACAQA5S98CAAEZZAFCAO6TLEYCAFUSEQMCAHC97MMCAX0PE4ECANUZUXLCAY8CMW2CA074667CAGD8V34CACVSTXU.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7350974352228933570</id><published>2012-01-14T22:41:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-01-15T07:03:35.131-08:00</updated><title type='text'>OLDER  ADULT'S  MEMORY</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZPyB0cRvzgg/TxJ0x7BaWVI/AAAAAAAAFG8/slhI7PhO2Jw/s1600/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" kba="true" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZPyB0cRvzgg/TxJ0x7BaWVI/AAAAAAAAFG8/slhI7PhO2Jw/s1600/images.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Although it is assumed that as &lt;a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2012/jan/14/memory-that-improves-with-age"&gt;we age our memory loss&lt;/a&gt; is more noticeable, the reality is : I) While some components of memory are affected by age others remain well preserved. The reason for this is the neural degeneration of certain brain areas, especially the frontal lobes, which focuses attention, planning and certain processes that store and retrieve information. The decrease in frontal lobe activity activates other cortical regions, preserving cognitive abilities. II) There is elaborate strategies to maintain memory: think deeply and elaborately about the meaning of information. If you require an adult to remember a name giving him 5 alternatives, he will hit more than if you just give him only one name. III) Elderly are susceptible to periods of inattention (attentional lapses), during key moments of their activity. If he not turned off a light bulb it is not that his memory fails, but insufficient attention. If a young adult performs 2 tasks simultaneously, is sure to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;have&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;a difficulty in one task (word list learning). To counter these defects one should always put the keys in one visible place.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;IV) We feel the effects of prospective memory (remembering something to do in the future): forgetting an appointment, not to take medicines at the right time. You can correct this defect if the actions carried out are associated with specific events: leave the pills in a prominent place in the kitchen. V) Older adults sometimes remember details that they attribute to wrong people, time or place (source memory). VI) Some older adults find it difficult to discriminate those imaginary events from that that actually occurred (reality monitoring), causing confusion about medication intake or not (he thinks he did). Source-memory defects decrease if the instructions received are antagonistic (true/false), or by giving values to people or information received. Experts also recommend: balanced diet, physical exercise, good sleep, rich social life, hobbies, escape from routine, cognitive stimulation, avoid stress, relaxation, positive thinking.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;LA MEMORIA DEL ADULTO MAYOR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Aunque se asume que a medida que envejecemos la pérdida de nuestra memoria es más notoria, lo real es que :I) Mientras algunos componentes de la memoria son afectados por la edad otros permanecen preservados. La causa de ello es la degeneración neural de ciertas áreas cerebrales, especialmente de los lóbulos frontales, donde se concentra la atención, el planeamiento, la solucción de problemas y ciertos procesos que almacenan y proporcionar información. La disminución de la actividad del lóbulo frontal activa otras regiones corticales, preservándose las habilidades cognitivas. II) Existen estrategias para mantener una elaborada memoria : pensar profunda y elaboradamente en relación al significado de la información. Si a un adulto mayor le exigen recordar un nombre dándole 5 alternativas, acertará más que si solo le dan un nombre. III) Los adultos mayores son susceptibles a lapsos de falta de atención, durante momentos claves de su actividad. Si no apaga un foco, no es falla de su memoria, sino de insuficiente atención. Si un adulto joven realiza 2 tareas simultáneamente, es seguro que tendrá dificultades para una (aprender lista de palabras). Para contrarrestar estos defectos se recomienda colocar siempre las llaves en un mismo sitio visible.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;IV) Sentimos los efectos de la memoria prospectiva (recordar algo para hacerlo en el futuro): olvidar una cita, no ingerir medicinas en el tiempo correcto. Se puede corregir este defecto si las acciones a llevar a cabo se asocian a eventos específicos: dejar las pildoras en un lugar prominente de la cocina. V) A veces los adultos mayores recuerdan detalles que atribuyen a personas incorrectas, tiempo o lugar (source memory). VI) A algunos adultos mayores les es dificil discriminar eventos imaginarios de aquellos que realmente ocurrieron (reality monitoring), originándose confusión en torno a ingerir o no la medicación (piensa que ya lo hizo). Los defectos de source-memory disminuyen si las instrucciones recibidas son antagónicas (verdad/mentira), o dando valores a las personas o a la información recibida. Los expertos recomiendan además: dieta balanceada, ejercicio fisico, buen sueño, rica vida social, hobbies, escapar de la rutina, estimulación cognitiva, evitar el estres, relajación, pensamiento positivo.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7350974352228933570?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7350974352228933570/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7350974352228933570&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7350974352228933570'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7350974352228933570'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2012/01/older-adults-memory.html' title='OLDER  ADULT&apos;S  MEMORY'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZPyB0cRvzgg/TxJ0x7BaWVI/AAAAAAAAFG8/slhI7PhO2Jw/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-3564030063908884639</id><published>2012-01-13T05:28:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-01-13T05:28:53.524-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='SYNTHETIC    WINDPIPE   TRANSPLANT'/><title type='text'>SYNTHETIC    WINDPIPE   TRANSPLANT</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LaZUVkhkPY8"&gt;WATCH&amp;nbsp; VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;It has just performed at a hospital in Sweden, &lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/13/health/research/surgeons-transplant-synthetic-trachea-in-baltimore-man.html?_r=1&amp;amp;ref=science"&gt;the second operation&lt;/a&gt; for replacement of the natural windpipe&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;of a 30 year old man who suffered from an inoperable cancer by aother synthetic manufactured with nano-fibers of plastic called PET, commonly used in soda bottles, subsequently seeded with stem cells coming from bone marrow. The leader of this process: Paolo Macchiarini (Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine/Karolinska Institute/Stockholm), has made this process before using tracheae of deceased persons. The patient who is recovering favorably is clearly a cyborg. Now, it is expected to use resorbable plastics to build these synthetic scaffolds. Then, this become a routine procedure..&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;The artificial trachea was placed in a bioreactor containing stem cells in solution. 2 days after, the artificial trachea was sutured to the throat and lungs of the patient. According to David Green (Harvard Bioscience) who designed the bioreactor, the stem cells were divided to produce cartilage. Green says that was necessary to add to the bioreactor transcriptional factors to force stem cells to differentiate into specific tissues of the trachea. Apparently a series of chemical signals produced by the body of the patient facilitated the success of this transplantation. The synthetic scaffold was designed using CT scans of the nayural trachea for obtaining exact copies.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;TRASPLANTE&amp;nbsp; SINTETICO&amp;nbsp; DE&amp;nbsp; TRAQUEA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Se acaba de realizar en un hospital de Suecia la segunda operación de reemplazo de la tráquea natural de un hombre de 30 años que padecía un cáncer inoperable por otra sintética manufacturada con nano-fibras de un plástico :PET, empleado comúnmente en botellas de soda, ulteriormente sembrado con células madre procedentes de su médula ósea. El líder de este proceso: Paolo Macchiarini (Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine/Karolinska Institute/Stockholm), ha realizado este proceso anteriormente empleando tráqueas de personas fallecidas. El paciente que se recupera favorablemente es a todas luces un cyborg. Ahora solo falta que se empleen plásticos reabsorbibles como matriz de soporte para que el procedimiento sea rutina. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;La tráquea artificial fué colocada en un bioreactor que contenía células madre en solución. 2 días después la tráquea artificial fué suturada a la garganta y pulmones del paciente. Según David Green (Harvard Bioscience) que diseñó el bioreactor, las células madre se dividieron y produjeron cartílago. Green añadió que fué necesario añadir al bioreactor factores de transcripcción para forzar a las células madre a diferenciarse en tejidos específicos de la tráquea. Al parecer una serie de señales químicas producidas por el propio cuerpo del paciente facilitaron el éxito del trasplante. La matriz de soporte fué diseñada empleando imágenes CT scans de la tráquea existente para obtener copias exactas. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-3564030063908884639?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/3564030063908884639/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=3564030063908884639&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3564030063908884639'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3564030063908884639'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2012/01/synthetic-windpipe-transplant.html' title='SYNTHETIC    WINDPIPE   TRANSPLANT'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-8044042043536872762</id><published>2012-01-11T16:05:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-01-11T16:05:01.700-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Animals  and....'/><title type='text'>ANIMALS  and........</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Neu4kI_Yi0A"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;WATCH &lt;/span&gt;VIDEO OF Jacques Derrida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;As it is written in the &lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/03/science/animal-studies-move-from-the-lab-to-the-lecture-hall.html?_r=1"&gt;NYT&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, there is a growing interest for studies related to morality, justice and the way we judge and treat many animals. Two questions about it, illustrate this concern: 1) If a specific epidemic killed all human beings, which remaining animal would end up evolving into Homo sapiens sapiens, or, another intelligent being endowed with logic and reasoning?. Sure, the chimpanzee, as before made the evolution. Chimpanzee and human genomes differ so little. 50 years of studies on chimpanzee forced to Jane Godall to say that emotional and social reactions of chimpanzee were so similar to humans that it was impossible to separate them from us.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Then: 2) Why do we kill and eat our cousins (animals), if the boundary between these and ours is blurred. Reflections in this regard are set out in books: "Human, Animals and Cyborgs", "Animals and Women Animals, People and Those in Between", which l emphasize the blurred boundaries between chimpanzee and us and how we should treat them. Jacques Derrida expresses what he thinks of his cat and what this might think from him, with the caveat that the cat does not dominate the modes of human communication, concluding that animals are part of that large minority made up of women and people of color .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;LOS ANIMALES y…..&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Según nota aparecida en el NYT, existe un desusual y creciente interés por estudios relacionados con la moral, la justicia y el modo como juzgamos y tratamos a muchos animales. Dos preguntas al respecto ilustran este interés: 1) Si una epidemia especifica matase a todos los humanos ¿que animal remanente terminaría evolucionando hacia un Homo sapiens sapiens u, otro ser inteligente dotado de lógica y razonamiento? El chimpancé, seguro como antes ya lo demostrara la evolución. Los genomas de chimpanzés y humanos difieren en tan poco. 50 años de estudios dedicados a chimpanzés le hicieron afirmar a Jane Godall que las reacciones emocionales y sociales de los chimpanzés eran tan similares a las de los humanos que era imposible separarlos de nosotros. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Entonces: 2) ¿Porque matamos y comemos a nuestros primos lejanos (los animales), si el límite entre estos y el nuestro es borroso. Las reflexiones al respecto se explicitan en libros : “Human, Animals and Cyborgs” “Animals and Women Animals, People and Those in Between”, en los que se enfatizan los limites borrosos entre ellos y nosotros y la forma como debemos tratarlos. Jacques Derrida expresa lo que el piensa de su gato y lo que este podria pensar de el, haciendo la salvedad que el gato no domina los modos de comunicación humanos, concluyendo que los animales forman parte de esa inmensa minoría conformada por mujeres y personas de color.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-8044042043536872762?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/8044042043536872762/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=8044042043536872762&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8044042043536872762'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8044042043536872762'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2012/01/animals-and.html' title='ANIMALS  and........'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-3640896099064770113</id><published>2012-01-06T03:04:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-01-06T03:04:51.432-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='QUIMERIC   MONKEYS'/><title type='text'>QUIMERIC   MONKEYS</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;In a recent technological experiment that open new therapeutic avenues for various human diseases, a team of researchers led by Shoukhrat Mitalipow (Oregon Health Sciences/University of Portland), managed to add groups of 4-dividing cells, coming from 6 embryos from different monkeys, forming the first neonatal chimeras composed of genetic material from 6 rhesus monkeys. Being very young embryonic cells, the mixture was composed of totipotent cells (which form any kind of tissues, including extraembryonic). Each chimeric embryo received genetic material from 6 different Rhesus monkeys.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-BZXqkd2vF0U/TwbVOoySD7I/AAAAAAAAFFg/zLe2KHcz5gE/s1600/monkey.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" rea="true" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-BZXqkd2vF0U/TwbVOoySD7I/AAAAAAAAFFg/zLe2KHcz5gE/s320/monkey.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Chimeras may contain genetic material from different species (animal-human, for example). Although the &lt;a href="http://www.cell.com/abstract/S0092-8674(11)01508-X"&gt;journal Cell&lt;/a&gt; which published the article refers that newborn monkeys were healthy and normal, we know that although 3 monkeys externally were males, 4% of their cells carried two X chromosomes, being genetically female. In this case the cells do not fuse with each other, but rather work together to form tissues and organs. Conclusions: 1) Allows us to have new knowledge about the specific nature of different species 2) It seems not feasible to create chimeras from pluripotent cells (not form extraembryonic tissues) 3) Someone will come up to create chimeras containing human-animal brains for experimental purposes. Many nations will not approve or oppose to this kind of experiments.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;MONOS QUIMERICOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;En un experimento tecnológico que apertura nuevas avenidas terapéuticas para distintas enfermedades humanas, un equipo de investigadores encabezados por Shoukhrat Mitalipow (Oregon Health Sciences/Universidad de Portland), consiguió agregar grupos de 4 células -en división- procedentes de 6 embriones distintos de monos, formando las primeras quimeras neonatales compuestas por material genético procedente de 6 monos Rhesus. Tratándose de células de embriones muy jóvenes, la mezcla estuvo compuesta por células totipotenciales (formadoras de cualquier tipo de tejidos, incluyendo los extraembrionarios). Así, cada embrión quimérico recibió la herencia genética de 6 monos Rhesus diferentes.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Las quimeras pueden contener material genético de diferentes especies (animal-humano, por ejemplo). Aunque la revista Cell que publicó el articulo alude que nacieron sanos y normales, se sabe que aunque 3 monos fueron externamente machos, 4% de sus células portaban 2 cromosomas X, siendo genéticamente femeninas. En este caso las células no se fusionan entre si, mas bien trabajan juntas para formar tejidos y órganos. Conclusiones: 1) Permite tener nuevos conocimientos acerca de la naturaleza especifica de distintas especies 2) No es posible crear quimeras a partir de células pluripotenciales (las que no forman tejidos extraembrionarios) 3) A alguien se le ocurrirá crear quimeras conteniendo cerebros hombre-animal con fines experimentales. Muchas naciones no aprobaran o se opondrán a este tipo de experimentos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-3640896099064770113?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/3640896099064770113/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=3640896099064770113&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3640896099064770113'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3640896099064770113'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2012/01/quimeric-monkeys.html' title='QUIMERIC   MONKEYS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-BZXqkd2vF0U/TwbVOoySD7I/AAAAAAAAFFg/zLe2KHcz5gE/s72-c/monkey.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-6428737352506783088</id><published>2012-01-05T06:16:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-01-05T06:20:22.887-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='OPTIMISM'/><title type='text'>OPTIMISM</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;According to the Israeli &lt;a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Kahneman"&gt;Daniel Kahneman,&lt;/a&gt; Nobel Prize in Economics (psychological research into economic science), although optimistic entrepreneurs have an advantage over their peers affected by depression, over-optimism may produce great economic losses. To Kahneman optimism is influenced by the socio-cultural environment of certain countries. In France, Hungary, USA and others, optimism is mixed with other natural emotions. Who is not optimist is not well. It is not certain that training could forge optimistic because we know very little of this attitude. We know that optimism have genetic roots,&amp;nbsp;optimists live longer, have better immune systems, have more friends, are healthier, see the best of things. &lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/"&gt;&lt;span id="goog_2069576838"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;If a optimistic&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span id="goog_2069576839"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;has economic success this fact will strength his confidence. If an athlete feels supported by his country he will play better. It is certain that optimism was created by evolution because depression is dangerous. For most entrepreneurs, optimism is the engine of capitalism. When an optimistic fails in its objectives, he will try make fewer mistakes on&amp;nbsp; next adventure. At present major oil companies analyze past and present errors (&lt;em&gt;premortem analysis&lt;/em&gt;), adhering to strict rules. For them, risky explorations have nothing to do with emotions.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;OPTIMISMO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Ms_tViTCU9Q/TwWxjqdHeoI/AAAAAAAAFFU/hLgF68e2Tes/s1600/optimista.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" rea="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Ms_tViTCU9Q/TwWxjqdHeoI/AAAAAAAAFFU/hLgF68e2Tes/s1600/optimista.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Según el israeli Daniel Kahneman, Premio Nobel en Economia (investigaciones psicológicas en la ciencia económica), aunque los empresarios optimistas tienen ventaja sobre sus pares afectados por depresión, los sobreoptimistas pueden tener también grandes pérdidas económicas. Para Kahneman el optimismo es influído por el medio ambiente socio-cultural de ciertos países. En Francia, Hungria, USA y otros, el optimismo está mezclado con el resto de las emociones. El que no es optimista no está bien. No es seguro que el entrenamiento forje optimistas porque se conoce muy poco de esta actitud. Se sabe que tiene raíces genéticas. Por ello, los optimistas viven más, disponen de mejores sistemas inmunes, tienen mas amigos, son mas saludables, ven lo mejor de las cosas. Si un&amp;nbsp; optimista tiene un triunfo económico ello reforzará&amp;nbsp; su confianza. Si&amp;nbsp; un deportista se siente apoyado por su país, jugará mejor. Es seguro que el optimismo es creación de la evolución porque la depresión es peligrosa. Para la mayoría de empresarios el optimismo es el motor del capitalismo. Cuando un optimista falla en sus objetivos, trata de cometer menos errores en la siguiente aventura. En la actualidad las grandes compañías petroleras analizan los errores pasados y presentes (&lt;em&gt;análisis premortem&lt;/em&gt;), adhiriéndose a reglas estrictas. Para ellos, las riesgosas exploraciones no tienen nada que ver con las emociones. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-6428737352506783088?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/6428737352506783088/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=6428737352506783088&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6428737352506783088'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6428737352506783088'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2012/01/optimism.html' title='OPTIMISM'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Ms_tViTCU9Q/TwWxjqdHeoI/AAAAAAAAFFU/hLgF68e2Tes/s72-c/optimista.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7222490275388342096</id><published>2012-01-01T18:39:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-01-01T18:43:48.988-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='HAWKING at 70'/><title type='text'>HAWKING   AT  70</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-h8UtXcwFT_A/TwEZzh6_yjI/AAAAAAAAFEo/q3hNc6m9yp0/s1600/stephen-hawking-and-his-first-wife-jane-19653.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" rea="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-h8UtXcwFT_A/TwEZzh6_yjI/AAAAAAAAFEo/q3hNc6m9yp0/s320/stephen-hawking-and-his-first-wife-jane-19653.jpg" width="228" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;When Stephen Hawking was 20, he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurological disease that prevented him from moving arms, legs and speak clearly, disabling him to the point that his doctors told him he would not live long enough to finish his doctorate at Cambridge before age 30. The reality is that they were wrong because within 7 days Hawking will turns 70. During this extra time of life, Hawking has given the world new ideas about black holes (emit thermal radiation), micro black holes (holding large gravitational attraction), unification of general theories of relativity, quantum and thermodynamics, creation of the universe, topology without frontiers of the universe (time and space finite in extent but without limit or edge), writing Brief History of Time (1988), enjoy relatively good health, having married three women and have a daughter. Most notable however is to have shown that ultimately the important thing in a man is his brain and his extraordinary potential. If the brain is in good condition and is able to feed itself energetically through unconventional methods, the rest of the soma is redundant. In this respect modern medicine has provide him a software that lets him talk electronically (given the loss of his natural voice after a tracheostomy) and a myriad&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;of other technological devices of support.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;HAWKING A LOS 70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Cuando Stephen Hawking tenía 20 años, le diagnosticaron esclerosis lateral amiotrófica una enfermedad neurológica que le impedía mover brazos, piernas y hablar claramente, incapacitante al punto que sus médicos le dijeron que no viviría lo suficiente para terminar su doctorado en Cambridge antes de los 30 años. La realidad es que se equivocaron porque dentro de 7 dias Hawking cumplirá 70 años. Durante este tiempo extra de vida, Hawking ha dado al mundo nuevas ideas sobre agujeros negros (emiten radiación térmica), miniagujeros negros (poseedores de gran atracción gravitacional), unificación de teorías de la relatividad general, termodinámica y cuántica, creación del universo, topología sin fronteras del universo (tiempo y espacio finitos en extensión aunque sin límite o borde), escribir Breve historia del tiempo (1988), gozar de una relativa buena salud, haber desposado 3 mujeres y tener una hija. Lo más notable sin embargo es haber demostrado que en última instancia lo importante en un ser humano es su cerebro y sus extraordinarias posibilidades. Si el cerebro está en buen estado y es capáz de auto-alimentarse enérgicamente mediante métodos no convencionales, el resto del soma es redundante. En esto cuenta la moderna medicina de avanzada al proporcionarle un software que le permite hablar electrónicamente (dada la perdida natural de su voz despues de una traqueotomia) y una miriada de dispositivos electrónicos de soporte.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7222490275388342096?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7222490275388342096/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7222490275388342096&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7222490275388342096'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7222490275388342096'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2012/01/hawking-at-70.html' title='HAWKING   AT  70'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-h8UtXcwFT_A/TwEZzh6_yjI/AAAAAAAAFEo/q3hNc6m9yp0/s72-c/stephen-hawking-and-his-first-wife-jane-19653.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-8771343112823928432</id><published>2011-12-30T22:09:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-12-30T22:09:55.559-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='CHINESE SPACE FIVE-YEAR PLAN'/><title type='text'>CHINESE SPACE FIVE-YEAR PLAN</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Although China has expertise in launching and placing satellites into orbit, it is still a long way from mastering the technique of sending probes and spacecraft into deep space. However the orderly implementation of its &lt;a href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1436773-ambicioso-programa-espacial-de-china-para-los-proximos-cinco-anos"&gt;new five-year program of space&lt;/a&gt; exploration, challenges the U.S.: I) China has begun building its own space station II) Try to put an astronaut on the moon carried by a spacecraft launched from Earth orbit. Significant efforts especially now that the U.S. depends on Russia to transport astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS) and is reluctant to send human crews into space. III) China hope collect lunar samples by 2016. IV) Test his modern submarine fleet, a modern supersonic fighter and a modern anti ship missile defense system. V) Expands its GPS (Global Positioning System), for peaceful, military and civilian purposes that will benefit the Chinese economy. His Beidou GPS, hopes to have 35 satellites in orbit by 2020. VI) Try to develop a launch vehicle transporters of heavy payloads into Earth orbit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;PLAN QUINQUENAL ESPACIAL CHINO.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-L0S2YVRMbJo/Tv6mCFmfINI/AAAAAAAAFEI/0dBO2cKlsbI/s1600/china.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" rea="true" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-L0S2YVRMbJo/Tv6mCFmfINI/AAAAAAAAFEI/0dBO2cKlsbI/s1600/china.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Aunque China es experta en lanzar y colocar en órbita satélites artificiales, aún está aún muy lejos de dominar la técnica de enviar sondas espaciales al espacio profundo. No obstante la ejecución ordenada de su nuevo Programa quinquenal de exploración espacial, desafía al americano: I) China ha iniciado la construcción de una estación espacial propia II) Intenta colocar un astronauta en la Luna, conducido por una nave lanzada desde la órbita terrestre. Esfuerzos notables especialmente ahora que USA depende de Rusia para transportar sus astronautas a la estación espacial internacional (ISS) y es renuente a enviar tripulaciones humanas al espacio exterior. III) Espera colectar muestras lunares, el 2016. IV) Prueba su moderna flota submarina, un moderno caza supersónico y un moderno sistema antimisiles contra naves marinas. V) Expande su sistema GPS (Global Positioning System), con fines pacificos, civiles y militares que beneficiaran a la economia china. Su Beidou GPS, espera contar con 35 satelites en órbita el 2020. VI) Desarrolla el lanzamiento de vehículos trasportadores de material pesado a la órbita terrestre. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-8771343112823928432?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/8771343112823928432/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=8771343112823928432&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8771343112823928432'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8771343112823928432'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/12/chinese-space-five-year-plan.html' title='CHINESE SPACE FIVE-YEAR PLAN'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-L0S2YVRMbJo/Tv6mCFmfINI/AAAAAAAAFEI/0dBO2cKlsbI/s72-c/china.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-6644930867273938248</id><published>2011-12-26T06:40:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-12-26T06:40:31.759-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='BANNING   SCIENTIFIC   INFORMATION'/><title type='text'>BANNING   SCIENTIFIC   INFORMATION</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-f8MltoJaIeY/TviHSFFgULI/AAAAAAAAFC4/fulZ29ikKMg/s1600/banner_bg_dur.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="39" rea="true" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-f8MltoJaIeY/TviHSFFgULI/AAAAAAAAFC4/fulZ29ikKMg/s320/banner_bg_dur.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;The U.S. National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB), &lt;a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/dec/21/bird-flu-mutation-nationa-security"&gt;sent requests to Science and Na&lt;/a&gt;ture in order not to publish sensitive details of viral research (mutations that could generate lethal viral pandemics), related to the emergence of new avian flu virus strains : I) According to the American government bioterrorists could use mutated viral strains as lethal weapons. Currently, several virologists are working with mutated viral strains of higher transmissibility from person to person. According to the NSABB, only bona fide researchers would have access to this vital information. II) Other researchers argue that such position is impractical, because it ignores the importance of sharing information with other experts (accelerates the progress of knowledge) and it will lead to information theft. John Wood (UK's National Institute for Biological Standards and Control), said that this approach will impede the progress and control of viral diseases and it will mean a delay for a vaccine able to counteract mutations of flu virus. Finally, mutations are nothing new for anyone with a minimal knowledge of avian influenza virus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;PROHIBIENDO LA INFORMACION CIENTIFICA &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;El US National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB), envió solicitudes a Science y Nature a fin de no publicar detalles sensibles de investigaciones virales (como se generan mutaciones productoras de pandemias virales letales), relacionadas con la emergencia de nuevas cepas del virus de la influenza aviaria : I) Según el gobierno americano los bioterroristas podrían emplear cepas virales mutadas como armas letales. Actualmente varios virólogos trabajan con cepas virales mutadas de mayor trasmisibilidad de persona a persona. Según el NSABB, solo investigadores de buena fé tendrían acceso a esta información vital. II) Otros investigadores opinan que se trata de una posición impráctica, porque desconoce la importancia de compartir la información con otros expertos (acelera el avance del conocimiento) y porque dará lugar al robo de información. John Wood (UK's National Institute for Biological Standards and Control), asegura que esta actitud impedirá el progreso y control de las enfermedades virales y significará un atraso para fabricar una vacuna mutante capaz de contrarrestar las mutaciones propias del virus de la gripe. Finalmente, las mutaciones no son nada nuevo para quien tenga un mínimo conocimiento del virus de la influenza aviaria. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-6644930867273938248?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/6644930867273938248/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=6644930867273938248&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6644930867273938248'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6644930867273938248'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/12/banning-scientific-information.html' title='BANNING   SCIENTIFIC   INFORMATION'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-f8MltoJaIeY/TviHSFFgULI/AAAAAAAAFC4/fulZ29ikKMg/s72-c/banner_bg_dur.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-1410436615014373031</id><published>2011-12-20T01:51:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-12-20T01:55:19.805-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Collective learning'/><title type='text'>COLLECTIVE  LEARNING</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-56QkuBYjtjI/TvBaVp6fOTI/AAAAAAAAFBY/EqqioJRUqy0/s1600/Play.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="99" oda="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-56QkuBYjtjI/TvBaVp6fOTI/AAAAAAAAFBY/EqqioJRUqy0/s320/Play.JPG" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-56QkuBYjtjI/TvBaVp6fOTI/AAAAAAAAFBY/EqqioJRUqy0/s1600/Play.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="99" oda="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-56QkuBYjtjI/TvBaVp6fOTI/AAAAAAAAFBY/EqqioJRUqy0/s320/Play.JPG" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Distribution of 16 players (PNAS drawing).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;An interesting&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/12/13/1110069108.full.pdf+html"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;study performed in the web&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt; informed about 256 experiments realized by groups of 16 individuals each one forming collectives that solved complex problems (optimization across multiple&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;dimensions) and share information using different communication networks. These collective exploration improves the success average research (over independent explorations), because good solutions flows through web networks. Efficient networks outperform inefficient ones, even in qualitative spatial problems with properties previously thought favored inefficient networks ; explained in terms of individual research-exploitation decisions, exploiting network structure and strategic considerations. Resolution of complex problems in science, business and engineering require some tradeoff between exploitation of known solitions and new ones. Previous and current research showed that in certain cases solving complex problems collectively using inefficient networks (relatively slow spread information), perform better than efficient netwoks, because they use more time to think and reflect.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;APRENDIZAJE COLECTIVO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Un interesante estudio realizado en la web da cuenta de 256 experimentos, con grupos de 16 individuos cada uno formando colectivos, resolviendo problemas complejos (optimización a lo largo de múltiples dimensiones), al compartir información por diferentes redes de comunicación. La exploración colectiva mejora el éxito promedio (sobre exploraciones independientes), porque las buenas soluciones circulan por la red. Las redes eficientes superan a las ineficientes, aun en problemas espaciales con propiedades cualitativas que se pensaba favorecían a redes ineficientes. Se explica esto en términos de decisiones individuales de exploración-explotación influenciadas por la estructura de la red y consideraciones estratégicas. La resolución de problemas complejos en ciencia, negocios e ingenieria requiere cierta negociación entre la explotación de solucciones conocidas y otras nuevas. La Investigación previa de problemas complejos resueltos colectivamente dió cuenta de redes ineficientes que aunque diseminan información relativamente lenta, se desempeñan mejor que las eficientes para problemas que requieren exploración extendida, empleando mas tiempo para reflexionar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-1410436615014373031?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/1410436615014373031/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=1410436615014373031&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1410436615014373031'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1410436615014373031'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/12/distribution-of-16-players-pnas-drawing.html' title='COLLECTIVE  LEARNING'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-56QkuBYjtjI/TvBaVp6fOTI/AAAAAAAAFBY/EqqioJRUqy0/s72-c/Play.JPG' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-5044540588601623067</id><published>2011-12-11T14:21:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-12-11T14:34:09.289-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='GENIC THERAPY IN HEMOHILIA B'/><title type='text'>GENIC THERAPHY IN HEMOPHILIA B</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=11maHFwC3"&gt;WATCH&amp;nbsp; VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;According to a report thpublished &lt;a href="http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1108046"&gt;in the NEJM&lt;/a&gt;, american and british researchers successfully treated 6 patients with hemophilia B who were less than 1% of factor IX activity (VN :60-150%), infusing them only once the defective gene carried by an adenovirus (Vector-Mediated Gene Transfer in Hemophilia B), making all of them raise the concentration of their Factor IX from 2 to 11%. 4 of them spontaneously stopped their bleeding during 22 months. The remaining 2 developed liver malfunctioning, surpassed with steroid administration, increasing their F IX between 3-11%. In all cases, the immune system try to kill the virus before the transported genes exert their effect, eventuality overcomed in some cases with steroid administration. Injected intravenously, the virus make home in liver cells, where makes good copies of factor IX. 6 patients were recruited and treated by Dr. Amit C Nathwami (University College London) while the monitoring of serum samples was performed in laboratories of Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. The cost of genetic infusion was much cheaper than actual therapy with F IX concentrates.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;TERAPIA GENICA EN HUMANOS CON HEMOFILIA B&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Según reporte publicado en el NEJM, investigadores americanos e ingleses trataron exitosamente a 6 pacientes con Hemofilia B que tenían menos del 1% de actividad del factor IX (VN:60-150%), infundiéndoles una sola vez, el gene defectuoso transportado por un adenovirus (Vector–Mediated Gene Transfer in Hemophilia B), logrando que todos elevaran la concentración del Factor IX entre 2 a 11%. 4 de ellos dejaron de sangrar espontáneamente durante 22 meses. Los 2 restantes desarrollaron malafuncion hepática, superada con administración de esteroides, logrando elevar finalmente su F IX entre 3-11%. En todos los casos, el sistema inmune trato de matar a los virus antes que los genes trasportados ejerciesen su efecto, eventualidad superada en algunos casos con administración de esteroides. Inyectado por via intravenosa, el virus se aloja en las células hepáticas, donde produce copias correctas del factor IX. Los 6 pacientes fueron reclutados y tratados por el Dr. Amit C Nathwami (University College London). El monitoreo las muestras sericas fue efectuada en laboratorios del Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. El costo de la infusión genética fue mucho mas barata que la terapia de concentrados de F IX actual. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-5044540588601623067?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/5044540588601623067/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=5044540588601623067&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5044540588601623067'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5044540588601623067'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/12/genic-theraphy-in-hemophilia-b.html' title='GENIC THERAPHY IN HEMOPHILIA B'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-1675663756847560363</id><published>2011-12-08T10:42:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-12-08T10:51:17.209-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Building  A.I.'/><title type='text'>BUILDING  A.I.</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=renM2mXq0Uo"&gt;WATCH&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;When I.B.M. proposed to Dharmendra S Modha the construction of artificial intelligence, like that of a human brain, the task seemed impossible. Modha outlined the following plan: 1) To imitate the biological functioning of neurons and human synapses 2) Create the first biological chip (neuromorphic) 3) Reduce the size of neuromorphic chips 4) Create the software. It is said that DNA is the original software. After receiving additional funds from the american Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA), he added another objectives: 5) Low power. The current smarter I.B.M. computer consumes 85.000 watts of electricity; the human brain just 20 watts. 6) Self-organize system 7) The system should learn for itself. Modha proudly says that since 3 years he leads the project under the sponsorship of IBM and 4 American universities, Cornell, Columbia, Wisconsin and California-Merced.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Modha, has just built the first prototype of a neurosynaptic microprocessor (chip), more like to neurons and synapses than that to conventional semiconductors. The prototype consists of 256 nodes (neurons), surrounded by 262 000 synaptic memory modules. The method of Modha to build AI is : reverse brain engineering. The human brain computes in a different way to today's computers. Its processors (neurons) are massively distributed, its memory devices are in synapses with efficient communication everywhere through axons conductors of electrical impulses. The first goals of the AI that builds Modha are to identify someone walking in a crowd, create devices for the blind to see, robots capable of learning to navigate the battlefield, and so on.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;CONSTRUYENDO &amp;nbsp;INTELIGENCIA&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ARTIFICIAL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Cuando la IBM le propuso a Dharmendra S Modha, la construcción de Inteligencia Artificial, semejante a la de un cerebro humano, la tarea parecía imposible. Modha trazó el siguiente plan: 1) Imitar el funcionamiento biológico de neuronas y sinapsis 2) Crear el primer chip biológico (neuromorfo) 3) Reducir el tamaño de chips neuromorfos 4) Crear los softwares. Se dice que el DNA es el software original. Tras recibir ayuda adicional del Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) americano, añadió otros objetivos : 5) Bajo consumo energético. El ordenador actual más inteligente de la IBM consume 85,000 watts de electricidad ; el cerebro humano apenas 20 watts. 6) Sistema autorganizable 7) Más que obedecer programas, el sistema debería aprender por sí mismo. Orgullosamente Modha afirma que desde hace 3 años lidera el proyecto bajo el patrocinio de la IBM y 4 Universidades americanas, Cornell, Columbia, Wisconsin, California-Merced. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Modha, acaba de construir el primer prototipo de microprocesador (chip), neurosináptico, mas semejante a neuronas y sinapsis que a semiconductores convencionales. El prototipo consta de 256 nodos (neuronas), rodeadas de 262 000 módulos sinápticos de memoria. El método de Modha para construir IA es ingenieria cerebral en reversa. El cerebro humano computa de un modo diferente al de las computadoras actuales. Sus procesadores (neuronas), están masivamente distribuidas, sus dispositivos de memoria se hallan en sinapsis con comunicación eficiente por doquier a través de axones conductores de impulsos eléctricos. Los primeros objetivos de la IA que construye Modha son identificar a alguien caminando en una multitud, crear dispositivos para hacer ver a ciegos, crear robots capaces de aprender a navegar por campos de batalla, etc. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-1675663756847560363?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/1675663756847560363/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=1675663756847560363&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1675663756847560363'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1675663756847560363'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/12/building-ai.html' title='BUILDING  A.I.'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-3359621908005972765</id><published>2011-12-06T05:55:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-12-06T06:01:00.470-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOW    COMES   THE   iPv6'/><title type='text'>NOW    COMES   THE   iPv6</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-szV2jJLQOg4/Tt4f1UmVg0I/AAAAAAAAE-o/TtLO2S73Djw/s1600/1206-sci-WORLD-INTERNET.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" dda="true" height="320" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-szV2jJLQOg4/Tt4f1UmVg0I/AAAAAAAAE-o/TtLO2S73Djw/s320/1206-sci-WORLD-INTERNET.gif" width="315" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Graphic (above), taken from NYT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/06/science/china-scrambles-for-high-tech-dominance.html?_r=1&amp;amp;ref=technology"&gt;China is working hard to replace in all its territory, the current version iPv4&lt;/a&gt; (Internet Protocol version 4), for the modern IPv6: faster, safer, more private and with more Internet addresses. Effort supported by cheap labor cost, China's growing technological infrastructure and its buoyant economy. Chinese engineers and computer technicians have as a rule a steady improvement in computing innovation as well as an aggressive business campaign. Due to its size China has a large domestic and foreign markets. For now, China has 2 large supercomputers : the Tianhe 1ª and the Bluelight Sunway MPP, which performs one quadrillion calculations per second, being one of the 20 fastest computers in the world. Everything seems to indicate that China has made progress in low-power microprocessors (performance per watt) : energy efficient computing, crucial to develop the next generation of supercomputers, to exascale, thousands of times faster than the fastest in the world, today.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;To accelerate its program of high performance computers, China needs to improve its microprocessor chip industry. In USA, an engine of development in this regard are the constant development of chips for smartphones and digital music gadgets. China still imports a large amount of microchips. The best Chinese factories are still behind the USA and Taiwan. The limited intellectual property protection, discourages thousands of engineers (hardware) and software developers, that nevertheless continually win international awards. Andrew Chi-Chih Yao, left Princeton to create an Institute in Tsinghua (University of Beijing), which has made significant innovations in game theory and computer security. 2.203 Chinese companies resemble those installed in Silicon Valley. Beside it, it is known the workaholic passion of Chinese entrepreneurs and engineers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;Ya VIENE EL iPv6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;China trabaja intensamente en reemplazar en todo su territorio, la actual versión iPv4 (Internet Protocol versión 4), por la moderna iPv6: más rápida, más segura, más privada y con mas direcciones de internet. Esfuerzo facilitado por mano de obra barata china, su creciente infraestructura tecnológica y su boyante economía. Ingenieros y técnicos chinos en computación tienen como norma una constante mejora en innovación además de agresividad empresarial. Por su tamaño China dispone de un gran mercado interno y externo. Por lo pronto, China cuenta con 2 grandes supercomputadoras el Tianhe -1ª y el Sunway Bluelight MPP, que realiza un cuadrillón de cálculos por segundo, siendo una de las 20 computadoras mas rapidas del mundo. Todo hace preveer que China ha realizado avances en operaciones de bajo-poder en microprocesadores (performance per watt), es decir computación con energía eficiente, crucial para desarrollar la siguiente generación de supercomputadores : a exa-escala, miles de veces más rápidas que las actuales mas rápidas del mundo. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Para acelerar su programa de computadoras de gran performance, China necesita mejorar su industria de chips microprocesadores. En USA, un motor de desarrollo en este sentido son el constante desarrollo de chips para smartphones y gadgets de música digital. Por ello, China aún importa una gran cantidad de microchips. Las mejores fabricas chinas aún estan detrás de USA y Taiwan. La escasa protección a la propiedad intelectual, desincentiva a miles de ingenieros (hardware) y programadores de software que pese a ello ganan constantemente premios internacionales. Andrew Chi-Chih Yao, dejó Princeton para crear un Instituto en Tsinghua (University of Beijing), que ha hecho notables innovaciones en teoría de juegos y seguridad computacional. Unas 2,203 compañías chinas semejan a las instaladas en Silicon Valley. Es conocida la avidéz por el trabajo por parte de empresarios e ingenieros chinos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-3359621908005972765?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/3359621908005972765/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=3359621908005972765&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3359621908005972765'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3359621908005972765'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/12/now-comes-ipv6.html' title='NOW    COMES   THE   iPv6'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-szV2jJLQOg4/Tt4f1UmVg0I/AAAAAAAAE-o/TtLO2S73Djw/s72-c/1206-sci-WORLD-INTERNET.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-1038846853661691536</id><published>2011-12-05T07:44:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-12-05T08:00:47.517-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='HUMAN   SILICON   NEUROTRANSMITTERS'/><title type='text'>HUMAN   SILICON   NEUROTRANSMITTERS</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://bigthink.com/ideas/41154"&gt;http://bigthink.com/ideas/41154&lt;/a&gt; al (Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology), have designed silicon chips (analog very-large-scale integration, VLSI), to mimic the way neurons intercommunicate among them, carry out memory and learning processes, adapt to new information (plasticity), and so on. A method that could be used to create artificial retinas and know how the brain works.With 400 transistors, the chip mimics the activity of a single brain synapses and how neurotransmitters are released, the function of dependent ion channels that control the flow of charged atoms (Na, K, Ca), keys to perform: long term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), that reinforce and weaken synapses. Most chips operate in binary mode on/off, with current flows through transistors in analog mode. According to the researchers it is possible alter circuit parameters to suit specific ion channels.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-X1S0sjf5oVs/TtzqWVU6G7I/AAAAAAAAE-c/n1mFy9lw0zE/s1600/sinapsis.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" dda="true" height="318" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-X1S0sjf5oVs/TtzqWVU6G7I/AAAAAAAAE-c/n1mFy9lw0zE/s320/sinapsis.bmp" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;In the future the researchers will try to integrate to the chips, concepts such as complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), visual processing systems faster than those in today's computers. Also building chips interface with many biological systems, artificial intelligence blocks, knowing how LTD occurs, intimate mechanisms of ion channel receptors and postsynaptic NMDA activation. It is important for researchers to know if there is a second type of receptors: : endo-cannabinoids, similar in structure to marijuana produced in the brain and involved in several functions: appetite, pain, memory, etc.. To know if NMDA receptors are activated at the same time than LTD. When the new chips include the model of endo-cannabinoid receptors, it is sensed that we will able to simulate LTD and LTP processes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;NEUROTRASMISORES DE SILICIO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Chi-Sang Poon, Guy Rachmuth y otros (Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology), han diseñado chips de silicio (analog very-large-scale integration :VLSI), para imitar el modo como las neuronas se intercomunican, realizan procesos de memoria y aprendizaje, se adaptan a nueva información (plasticidad), etc. Un método que podría servir para crear retinas artificiales y saber como trabaja el cerebro. Con 400 transistores, el chip imita la actividad de una única sinapsis cerebral y la lliberación de neurotrasmisores dependientes de canales iónicos que controlan el flujo de átomos cargados (Na,K, Ca), claves para realizar el : long term potentiation (LTP) y el long-term depression (LTD), reforzadores y debilitadores de las sinapsis. La mayoría de chips operan bajo sistema binario modo on/off, con flujos de corriente a través de transistores en modo análogo. Según los investigadores es posible alterar los parámetros del circuito para adecuarse a canales de iones específicos. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En el futuro los investigadores piensan integrar a los chips, conceptos de complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), sistemas de procesamiento visual más rápidos que los existentes en las computadoras actuales. Se piensa asimismo construir chips en interface con muchos sistemas biológicos, bloques de inteligencia artificial, saber como ocurre el LTD y los mecanismos intimos de receptores de canales de iones : NMDA que detectan activación postsináptica. Es importante para los investigadores conocer si existe un segundo tipo de receptores : receptores endo-cannabinoides, similares en estructura a la marihuana, producidos en el cerebro y comprometidos en varias funciones : apetito, dolor, memoria, etc. Yambien conocer si los receptores NMDA se activan al mismo tiempo que el mecanismo LTD. Cuando en los nuevos chips se incluya el modelo de los receptores endo-cannabinoides, se intuye que seremos capaces de simular los 2 procesos LTD y LTP. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-1038846853661691536?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/1038846853661691536/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=1038846853661691536&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1038846853661691536'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1038846853661691536'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/12/human-silicon-neurotransmitters.html' title='HUMAN   SILICON   NEUROTRANSMITTERS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-X1S0sjf5oVs/TtzqWVU6G7I/AAAAAAAAE-c/n1mFy9lw0zE/s72-c/sinapsis.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-3934145073548240738</id><published>2011-12-01T20:53:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-12-01T21:04:11.768-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='HEALTH AND B12 VITAMIN'/><title type='text'>HEALTH AND B12 VITAMIN</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xvSDe2maHbk"&gt;WATCH&amp;nbsp; VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Some adults (&amp;gt; 50 years), suddenly start to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/29/health/vitamin-b12-deficiency-can-cause-symptoms-that-mimic-aging.html?ref=science"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;become confused,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt; do not remember familiar names, where they were or who made the previous day. Their families consider these behaviors as normal for their age while others are diagnosed and treated as dementia. Increasingly many of them showed low serum vitamin B12 levels (&amp;lt; than 250 pg/ml) and after therapy with vitamin B12, many of them improve significantly. It is known that as we age we absorb less B12 from food and secrete less gastric acid. Vitamin B12 is needed to develop and maintain the adult nervous system, to produce DNA and form red blood cells. Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to anemia, muscle fatigue, unsteady gait, urinary incontinence, depression and cognitive problems. Vitamin B12 is found in red meat, liver, fish, etc. Deficiency occurs in strict vegetarians, in chronic users of antacid medications, in alcoholics, in stomach surgery, in those who eat aminosalicylic acid, in those that ingest metformin, anticonvulsants and potassium supplements. Some recommend to who are over 50 years old taking routine oral or parenteral vitamin B12. The intake of this vitamin by women without it, improved their cognition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;SALUD Y VITAMINA B12 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Significantly vitamin supplements of the rate of the Slowed cognitive decline.Algunos adultos (&amp;gt; de 50 años), empiezan de pronto a estar confusos, no recuerdan nombres, donde estuvieron ni que hicieron el día anterior. Sus familiares estiman estas conductas como normales para su edad en tanto otros son diagnosticados y tratados como demencias. Crecientemente a muchos de ellos les descubren niveles séricos de vitamina B12 bajos (&amp;lt; de 250 pg/ml) y tras iniciarles terapìa con vitamina B12, mejoran ostensiblemente. Se sabe que a medida que envejecemos absorbemos menos B12 de los alimentos y segregamos menos acido gástrico. La vitamina B12 es necesaria para desarrollar y mantener el sistema nervioso adulto, producir DNA y formar glóbulos rojos. La deficiencia de vitamina B12 produce anemia, fatiga muscular, marcha inestable, incontinencia urinaria, depresión y problemas cognitivos. La vitamina B12 se encuentra en carnes rojas, hígado, pescado, etc. La deficiencia se produce en vegetarianos estrictos, en consumidores crónicos de medicamentos antiácidos, en alcohólicos, en sometidos a cirugía de estomago, los que ingieren acido aminosalicílico, los que ingieren metformina, los que ingieren anticonvulsivantes, los que ingieren suplementos de potasio. Algunos recomiendan ingerir vitamina B12 oral o parenteral de rutina por encima de los 50 años. La ingesta de esta vitamina por parte de mujeres carentes de ella, mejoro la cognición de las mismas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-3934145073548240738?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/3934145073548240738/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=3934145073548240738&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3934145073548240738'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3934145073548240738'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/12/health-and-b12-vitamin.html' title='HEALTH AND B12 VITAMIN'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-5559872798775704745</id><published>2011-11-25T21:08:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-26T03:00:23.558-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='REGENERATING   INFARCTED  HEART   AREAS'/><title type='text'>REGENERATING   INFARCTED  HEART   AREAS</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ZQD_0D1RYVA/TtB4ZUeKOAI/AAAAAAAAE6w/U3FdZyQov_k/s1600/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" hda="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ZQD_0D1RYVA/TtB4ZUeKOAI/AAAAAAAAE6w/U3FdZyQov_k/s1600/images.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/video/2011/nov/25/affairs-heart-emergency-repairs-video"&gt;WATCH&amp;nbsp; VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;We think that Paul Riley (Chair of Anatomy,&amp;nbsp; Genetics, Development and Reproduction in the Department of Physiology/University of Oxford), will be a future winner of the Nobel Prize in Medicine for his original ideas. Riley has discovered that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.stemcells.ox.ac.uk/directory/paul-riley"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;epicardiac adult cells in dormant state&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt; are able to be activated and prevent or regenerate infarcted areas infusing people at risk a compound called thymosin beta-4, able to induce the formation of new bloodvessels in the heart. As it is seen, the epicardium would be a source of multipotent cardiovascular progenitor cells in the adult heart.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;REGENERANDO INFARTOS CARDIACOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Pensamos que Paul Riley (Chair of Development and Reproduction in the Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics/University of Oxford), sera uno de los futures ganadores del Premio Nobel de Medicina por sus originales ideas. Riley ha descubierto que ciertas células epicardiacas adultas en estado dormido son capaces de activarse y dirigirse hacia areas recientemente infartadas y regenerarlas infundiendo a personas en riesgo o con infartos cardiacos establecidos un compuesto llamado thymosin beta-4, capáz de inducir la formación de nuevos vasos sanguíneos en el corazón. Como se ve, el epicardio seria una fuente de células progenitoras multipotentes cardiovasculares en el corazón adulto.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-5559872798775704745?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/5559872798775704745/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=5559872798775704745&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5559872798775704745'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5559872798775704745'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/regenerating-infarcted-heart-areas.html' title='REGENERATING   INFARCTED  HEART   AREAS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ZQD_0D1RYVA/TtB4ZUeKOAI/AAAAAAAAE6w/U3FdZyQov_k/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-3359733146987043401</id><published>2011-11-23T09:34:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-23T09:41:28.831-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='GERON: STEP   ASIDE'/><title type='text'>GERON: STEP   ASIDE</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;A pity that company Geron stopped (14.11.2011), its clinical trials for spinal cord repair in humans using embryonic stem cells (ESC). Geron is now devoted to anticancer therapy where within there is several cancer cells, one of them a cancer stem cell, extremely resistant to chemotherapy. Businessmen, invested in Geron project by impressive reparation of damaged spinal cords of mice and because initially it was easy to develop neural precursors from ESC. In the dourse of time they realized that although none of the 8 human enrolled in the experiment suffered side effects of magnitude, the phenomenon was more complex because many more cells existed in humans involved, because some mice developed tumors, because strategic approaches were erroneous, because there were no immediate money returns. Now only remains Advanced Cell Technology (ACT/USA), which specializes in degenerative eye diseases using specialized retinal cells. What's more, products and processes involving ESC, are not patentable at least in Europe.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;GERON: UN PASO AL COSTADO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ZhL-bPgyuno/Ts0wLGyeEpI/AAAAAAAAE6U/9TRwRlKjm7Q/s1600/untitled.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" hda="true" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ZhL-bPgyuno/Ts0wLGyeEpI/AAAAAAAAE6U/9TRwRlKjm7Q/s1600/untitled.bmp" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Una pena que la compañía &lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/news/stem-cell-pioneer-bows-out-1.9407"&gt;Geron halla detenido&lt;/a&gt; (14/11/2011), sus ensayos clínicos de reparación de médula espinal en humanos empleando células madre embrionarias (CME). Geron se dedica ahora a la terapia anticancerígena -donde dentro de varias- existe una célula madre-cancerosa extremadamente resistente a quimioterápicos. Hombres de negocios, invirtieron en Geron por los impresionantes resultados reparativos de médulas espinales dañadas de ratones y porque inicialmente fué fácil desarrollar precursores neurales celulares a partir de CME. Andando el tiempo se percataron que aunque ninguno de los 8 humanos enrolados sufrió efectos colaterales de magnitud, el fenómeno era más complejo por existir en humanos muchas células involucradas, porque algunos ratones desarrollaron tumores, por enfoques estratégicos erróneos y porque no se vislumbraban réditos inmediatos. Ahora solo queda Advanced Cell Technology (ACT/USA), especializada en enfermedades oculares degenerativas empleando células retinales especializadas. Por si fuera poco, los productos y procesos que involucran CME, no son patentables al menos en Europa. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-3359733146987043401?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/3359733146987043401/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=3359733146987043401&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3359733146987043401'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3359733146987043401'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/geron-step-aside.html' title='GERON: STEP   ASIDE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ZhL-bPgyuno/Ts0wLGyeEpI/AAAAAAAAE6U/9TRwRlKjm7Q/s72-c/untitled.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-1788921659360028773</id><published>2011-11-18T05:57:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-18T06:03:30.001-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='ALIENS   IN   CUSCO?'/><title type='text'>ALIENS   IN   CUSCO?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-sleENQhVnpI/TsZlHyfzRWI/AAAAAAAAE5A/rtg6oOTW7Tw/s1600/best+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" hda="true" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-sleENQhVnpI/TsZlHyfzRWI/AAAAAAAAE5A/rtg6oOTW7Tw/s320/best+2.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NdF789KoMUo/TsZlNfszPEI/AAAAAAAAE5I/s9g_IYwMINc/s1600/best3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" hda="true" height="183" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NdF789KoMUo/TsZlNfszPEI/AAAAAAAAE5I/s9g_IYwMINc/s320/best3.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3pT0lX3drIQ/TsZlTbt68XI/AAAAAAAAE5Q/kamVevnxc3k/s1600/best.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" hda="true" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3pT0lX3drIQ/TsZlTbt68XI/AAAAAAAAE5Q/kamVevnxc3k/s320/best.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WATCH&amp;nbsp; &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RvfxxlNkgo4"&gt;VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;The discovery of a strange mummy in a hill of Andahuaylillas, Quispicanchis province (Cusco/Peru), of 50 cm high with a head the size of his body, molar teeth and an open fontanelle, raises two possibilities: I) The most accurate is that it correspond to a child mummy in whom ancient cusco surgeons performed an early cranial deformation (from 3 months old), that produce eye strain and compressive cranial deformation with some verticality (&lt;em&gt;turricephaly&lt;/em&gt;), upward and sideways. To better study this possibility endocraneal molds need to be taken to identify intracranial arterial and venous grooves, calculating brain volume and others. II) The second -more remote posibility- is that it could be a highly techno-evolved human being coming from ancient planets capable of harboring life that privileged the excellence of his eyes, his brain and that possesed extreme longevity (&lt;em&gt;neoteny in extremis&lt;/em&gt;), in detriment of his body (biological involution due to lack of use). In such case he could be an extraterrestrial, a possibility that requires the performance of mummy bone DNA, compared with results of DNA of other mummies from Cusco then and today.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;¿EXTRATERRESTRES EN EL CUSCO?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;El hallazgo de una extraña momia en un cerro de Andahuaylillas, Quispicanchis (Cusco/Perú), de 50 cm de altura con una cabeza del tamaño de su cuerpo, fontanela abierta y molares dentales plantea 2 posibilidades : I) La más certera es que se trate de la momia de un niño a la que se le practicó una deformación craneana temprana (desde los 3 meses de edad), con deformación ocular compresiva y deformación craneana con cierta verticalidad (turricefalia), hacia arriba y hacia los costados. Para estudiar mejor esta posibilidad será necesario tomar moldes endocraneanos para identificar surcos arteriales y venosos, calcular el volumen cerebral y otros. II) La segunda posibilidad, más alejada por cierto es que se trate de un humano muy evolucionado -tecnológicamente- procedente de sistemas solares y planetas capaces de albergar vida que privilegiaron la excelencia de sus ojos, su cerebro y una longevidad extrema (neotenia in extremis), en desmedro de su cuerpo (involución biológica por falta de uso). En ese caso seria un extterrestre, posibilidad que exige la realización de ADN óseo de la momia, comparándola con momias de niños cusqueños normales de esa época y de la actual.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-1788921659360028773?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/1788921659360028773/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=1788921659360028773&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1788921659360028773'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1788921659360028773'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/watch-video-discovery-of-strange-mummy.html' title='ALIENS   IN   CUSCO?'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-sleENQhVnpI/TsZlHyfzRWI/AAAAAAAAE5A/rtg6oOTW7Tw/s72-c/best+2.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-238389566160635225</id><published>2011-11-16T06:36:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-16T06:49:07.537-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='DRUGS AND  IQ'/><title type='text'>DRUGS AND  IQ</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nYwcfmXIrB8/TsPNUumnA6I/AAAAAAAAE4c/3-7kgIv7IpM/s1600/untitled.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" hda="true" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nYwcfmXIrB8/TsPNUumnA6I/AAAAAAAAE4c/3-7kgIv7IpM/s1600/untitled.bmp" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;An article published in the &lt;a href="http://jech.bmj.com/content/early/2011/10/28/jech-2011-200252.short?g=w_jech_ahead_tab"&gt;"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health,&lt;/a&gt;" which followed during 10 years to 8,000 people suggests that intelligent people are more likely to use illicit drugs (cannabis and others). In addition, more intelligent children (110 points and more on the IQ test), use drugs more frequently than teenagers. Home education, economic status or stress does not influence this predisposition, but sex and certain personal characteristics, yes. If someone has at 5-year old a high IQ, is 50% more likely to use ecstasy or amphetamines. It is argued that the reason for this propensity on the part of intelligent children is their natural tendency to seek new personal experiences.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;DROGAS&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; e&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;IQ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Un artículo publicado en el “Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health", que siguió durante 10 años a 8,000 personas sugiere que las personas inteligentes son mas propensas a consumir drogas ilegales (cannabis y otras). Asimismo, que los niños mas inteligentes (110 puntos y mas en el test IQ), consumen drogas mas frecuentemente que los adolescentes. La educación casera, el status económico o el estress no influyen en esta predisposición, pero si el sexo y ciertas características personales. Si alguien a los 5 años tiene un IQ alto, tendrá un 50% mas de probabilidades de consumir éctasis o anfetaminas. Se arguye que la razón para esta propensión de parte de niños inteligentes es su tendencia natural a buscar nuevas experiencias personales. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-238389566160635225?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/238389566160635225/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=238389566160635225&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/238389566160635225'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/238389566160635225'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/drugs-and-iq.html' title='DRUGS AND  IQ'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nYwcfmXIrB8/TsPNUumnA6I/AAAAAAAAE4c/3-7kgIv7IpM/s72-c/untitled.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-3383029265047701550</id><published>2011-11-15T06:56:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-15T07:03:34.462-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='CUSTOMIZED   ARTIFICIAL  LIGHT'/><title type='text'>CUSTOMIZED   ARTIFICIAL  LIGHT</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Since change of seasons (summer to winter), may affect the mood and health of people, ingenious Americans, have created a customized light box (artificial light b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/15/health/policy/light-boxes-may-help-melt-those-winter-blues.html?ref=science"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/15/health/policy/light-boxes-may-help-melt-those-winter-blues.html?ref=science&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;ox), ranging from face to feet to be used to start the day, receiving the person the artificial light for 30 to 45 minutes daily. Devoid of side effects is cheap (200 dollars online). Many users claim that such light eliminates seasonal depression, improves sleep disorders, depression, pregnancy, dementia, bulimia nervosa, premenstrual syndrome, hyperactive. attention deficit. The American Psychiatric Association considers it effective and low risk treatment for seasonal depression. Although no one knows how it works, it is argued that the human body has a biological clock that responds to fluctuations of natural light, affects hormones, body chemical messengers, the brain hypothalamus that regulates mood, energy, appetite and melatonin secreted at night. Light may also influences nerve pathways by which travel serotonin and norepinephrine, involved in depression.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Drawing from NYT.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FsV9z-Or9oM/TsJ_Eyyr3eI/AAAAAAAAE4E/ZQKcWHNc1rc/s1600/15CONS-articleInline.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" nda="true" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FsV9z-Or9oM/TsJ_Eyyr3eI/AAAAAAAAE4E/ZQKcWHNc1rc/s1600/15CONS-articleInline.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;LUZ ARTIFICIAL PERSONALIZADA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Dado que el cambio de estaciones (verano a invierno), puede afectar el humor y salud de las personas, ingeniosos americanos -cuando no- han creado una caja de luz artificial personalizada (artificial light box), que abarca desde la cara hasta los pies a ser usada al empezar el día recibiendo la persona luz artificial por 30 a 45 minutos diarios. Carente de efectos colaterales es barata (200 dólares, online). Muchos usuarios sostienen que elimina la depresión estacional, mejora los desórdenes del sueño, la depresión del embarazo, la demencia, la bulimia nerviosa, el síndrome premenstrual, el déficit hiperactivo de atención. La American Psychiatric Association la considera efectiva y un tratamiento de bajo riesgo para la depresión estacional. Aunque no se sabe como funciona, se aduce que el cuerpo humano tiene un reloj biológico que responde a las fluctuaciones de la luz natural, afecta las hormonas, los mensajeros químicos corporales, al hipotálamo cerebral que regula el humor, la energía, el apetito, la melatonina segregada por la noche. Que la luz influencia las vias nerviosas por las que circulan la serotonina y epinefrina, comprometidos en la depresión. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-3383029265047701550?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/3383029265047701550/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=3383029265047701550&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3383029265047701550'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3383029265047701550'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/customized-artificial-light.html' title='CUSTOMIZED   ARTIFICIAL  LIGHT'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FsV9z-Or9oM/TsJ_Eyyr3eI/AAAAAAAAE4E/ZQKcWHNc1rc/s72-c/15CONS-articleInline.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-8477994604654383701</id><published>2011-11-13T04:17:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-13T04:34:09.802-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='TIME OF DAY AND SKIN CANCER'/><title type='text'>TIME OF DAY AND SKIN CANCER</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Knowing that skin cancer is more common in people exposed to the UV component (280-320 nm) of sunlight, Aziz Sancar, and a group of researchers (University of North Carolina/USA), found that early in the morning (04.00 hours), skin epidermal keratinocytes of mice skin has more replicative DNA and less repair of damaged DNA, while in early evening (16.00 hours), there is less replicative DNA and more DNA repair, for which &lt;a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/10/18/1115249108.abstract"&gt;skin cancers induced by UV radiation are more common early in the morning&lt;/a&gt; than in early evening. The researchers found that in mice, UV damage is removed by damaged nucleotides excision reparative systems (group xeroderma pigmentosum group A protein: XPA and a large nucleotide repair system), which exhibit daily rhythmicity in mouse skin. In parallel, mice exposed to UV radiation (UVR) at 04.00 hrs displays a fivefold susceptibility to skin cancer (squamous cell invasive cancer) than mice exposed to UVR at 16.00 hrs. Time of day of exposure to UVR is a contributing factor to skin carcinogenicity in mice and possibly humans.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-K9uNFSZhtso/Tr-1zQE56lI/AAAAAAAAE3o/FY60xctWvBk/s1600/Dibujo.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="270" nda="true" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-K9uNFSZhtso/Tr-1zQE56lI/AAAAAAAAE3o/FY60xctWvBk/s320/Dibujo.JPG" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;HORA DEL DIA Y CANCER DE PIEL&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Conociendo que el cancer de piel es mas frecuente en personas expuestas al componente UV (280–320 nm), de la luz solar, Aziz Sancar y un grupo de investigadores (Universidad de Carolina del Norte/USA), descubrieron que en horas de la mañana (04,00 hs), en los keratinocitos epidérmicos de la piel del raton existe mas DNA replicativo y menos reparación del DNA dañado, mientras que al inicio de la noche (16,00 hs), existe menor DNA replicativo y mas reparacion del DNA, por la cual los canceres de piel inducidos por radiacion UV, son mas frecuentes temprano por la mañana que temprano por las noches. Los investigadores descubrieron que en ratones, el daño UV es removido por un sistema reparativo de excision de nucleótidos dañados (grupo xeroderma pigmentosum group A proteína :XPA y un gran sistema de reparación de nucleotidos), los que exhiben ritmicidad diaria en la piel del raton. Paralelamente, el raton expuesto a UV radiation (UVR) a las 04,00 hs despliega una predisposición 5 veces mas alta para contraer cáncer de piel (cáncer invasivo de celulas escamosas) que los ratones expuestos a UVR a las 16,00 hs. El momento del dia de exposición al UVR es un factor contribuyente a la carcinogenicidad de piel en ratones y posiblemente en humanos. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-8477994604654383701?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/8477994604654383701/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=8477994604654383701&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8477994604654383701'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8477994604654383701'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/knowing-that-skin-cancer-is-more-common.html' title='TIME OF DAY AND SKIN CANCER'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-K9uNFSZhtso/Tr-1zQE56lI/AAAAAAAAE3o/FY60xctWvBk/s72-c/Dibujo.JPG' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-2120844014267056209</id><published>2011-11-11T06:35:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-11T06:40:22.286-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='2 SUNS  EXOPLANET'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='ENERGY   OF  THE  AMAZON'/><title type='text'>ENERGY   OF  THE  AMAZON</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_a7nDmiSyw0/Tr0zta-ajZI/AAAAAAAAE3Q/JYDzIeLK9eQ/s1600/dam.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" nda="true" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_a7nDmiSyw0/Tr0zta-ajZI/AAAAAAAAE3Q/JYDzIeLK9eQ/s320/dam.jpg" width="263" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Brazil plans &lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/news/2011/111109/full/479160a.html"&gt;to develop a series of dams&lt;/a&gt; in the next decade in the Amazon basin to provide the necessary energy for its growing industry, hoping by 2015 to obtain 11000 Mwatts of additional energy. Currently 18% of worldwide energy comes from hydroelectric plants. According to WWF sources, less than 10% of electricity comes from the Amazon region. Now, Brazil has begun to build the Belo Monte dam near the Xingu River, a tributary of the Amazon, planning for the next decade to build 18 hydroelectric dams in the Tapajos River basin (see figure). Also, Brazil hopes to build a dam of 2000 Mwatts in conjunction with Peru in Inambari, in exchange for sharing the energy. A mega-controversial, because, according to Mark Mulligan (King's College London) and Leonardo Saenz (Conservation International/Arlington/Virginia), builders of interactive databases that group 36.000 dams around the world, the construction of these dams will bring more roads, more deforestation, invasion of migrant workers, massive methane emissions, changing rainfall patterns that would reduce the energy return by which dams investments will become obsolete. John Matthews (Conservation International), says that climate change is the ultimate risk in the Amazon, to consider it taken into account that in the following decades, 50% of the energy will come from the Amazon.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: large;"&gt;ENERGIA DEL AMAZONAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Brasil planea desarrollar una serie de hidroeléctricas en la próxima década en la hoya amazónica a fin de proporcionar la energía necesaria para su creciente industria, esperando el 2015, obtener 11,000 Mwatts adicionales de energía. Actualmente el 18% de la energía de todo el mundo procede de hidroeléctricas. Según fuentes del WWF, menos del 10% de la energía eléctrica proviene de la región amazónica. Brasil ha empezado a construir la hidroeléctrica de Belo Monte cerca al rio Xingu, tributario del Amazonas, planeando para la próxima década construir 18 hidroeléctricas en la hoya del rio Tapajoz (Ver figura). Por si fuera poco Brasil espera construir conjuntamente con Perú una represa de 2000 Mwatts en Inambari, a cambio de compartir la energía. Un megaproyecto controversial, porque segun Mark Mulligan (King's College London) y Leonardo Saenz (Conservation International/Arlington/Virginia), constructores de bases de datos interactivas que agrupan 36,000 represas de todo el mundo, la construcción de estas, traerá más caminos, mas deforestación, invasiones de trabajadores migrantes, masivas emisiones de metano, patrones cambiantes de lluvias que reducirían la energía de retorno de las represas tornando la inversión en obsoleta. John Matthews (Conservation International), añade que el cambio climático es el último riesgo en el Amazonas, a tener en cuenta porque en las siguientes décadas, el 50% de la energía provendrá de la amazonía. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-2120844014267056209?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/2120844014267056209/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=2120844014267056209&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2120844014267056209'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2120844014267056209'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/energy-of-amazon.html' title='ENERGY   OF  THE  AMAZON'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_a7nDmiSyw0/Tr0zta-ajZI/AAAAAAAAE3Q/JYDzIeLK9eQ/s72-c/dam.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-1278972384909190215</id><published>2011-11-08T18:54:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-08T18:54:44.371-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PERCEPTION AND LANGUAGE'/><title type='text'>PERCEPTION AND LANGUAGE</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Guy Deutscher has written the book: Through the language glass. Why the world looks different in other languages, in which he describes the interactions between language-perception. Deutscher tells that: 1) In 2002, the newspaper Lloyd's List changed the nautical (ship), pronoun : she by it, trying to change the thinking set established by previous generations for whom British ships deployed feminine grace. A logic that gave pine tree masculinity and femininity to the palm. The book shows how our mother language define and limit our thinking and that in some instances shape the way we see the world. Deutscher adds that: 2) William Gladstone speculated on the inability of ancient Greeks to see colors, noting that Homer called the greek sea :dark-purple instead of blue. Gladstone, published in 1849 a chapter about perceptions of Homer and his use of colors. According to Deutscher, these perceptions affected the development of at least 3 academic disciplines for many years. According to Gladstone, the ancient Greeks saw the world like black and white, a hypothesis that could be tested by studying some today ancient cultures. Perhaps certain perceptions of particular ethnic groups directed their language regarding the colors. Maybe something related to local environmental necessarily formed the tribal language.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;PERCEPCCION Y LENGUAJE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0t1oWQND15A/TrnrBVcV4GI/AAAAAAAAE2s/PmYqI5rNFQ4/s1600/Through-the-Language-Glass-W.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" ida="true" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0t1oWQND15A/TrnrBVcV4GI/AAAAAAAAE2s/PmYqI5rNFQ4/s1600/Through-the-Language-Glass-W.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-x5piI8ct3vM/TrnqoSfNUYI/AAAAAAAAE2k/oBMWD0FLWpM/s1600/Through-the-Language-Glass-W.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" ida="true" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-x5piI8ct3vM/TrnqoSfNUYI/AAAAAAAAE2k/oBMWD0FLWpM/s1600/Through-the-Language-Glass-W.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Guy Deutscher ha escrito: A traves del cristal del lenguaje. Porque el mundo luce diferente en otros lenguajes, en el que describe interacciones entre lenguaje-percepcion. Deutcher relata que en : 1) El 2002, el periódico Lloyd's List cambio el pronombre nautico (para buques): she por it, intentando modificar el pensamiento establecido por generaciones anteriores para quienes los buques ingleses desplegaban gracia femenina, no precisamente por su volumen. Una lógica muy antigua que otorgaba masculinidad al árbol del pino y feminidad a la palma. El libro muestra como nuestras lenguas madres definen y limitan en cierto modo nuestro pensamiento y que en ciertas instancias dan forma al modo como vemos el mundo. Deutcher agrega que :2) William Gladstone especulo sobre la supuesta incapacidad de los griegos antiguos para ver colores al notar que Homero llamaba al mar griego : morado-oscuro en vez de azul. Gladstone, publico en 1849 un capitulo sobre las percepciones de Homero y su empleo de los colores que segun Deutscher, afectaron el desarrollo de al menos 3 disciplinas academicas. Según Gladstone los antiguos griegos veian al mundo en blanco y negro, hipótesis que podría ser probada estudiando a algunas culturas antiguas actuales. Tal vez ciertas percepciones de grupos étnicos particulares orientaban su lenguaje respecto a los colores, tal vez algo relacionado con las demandas medio-ambientales locales, que necesariamente formaban el lenguaje tribal. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-1278972384909190215?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/1278972384909190215/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=1278972384909190215&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1278972384909190215'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1278972384909190215'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/perception-and-language.html' title='PERCEPTION AND LANGUAGE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0t1oWQND15A/TrnrBVcV4GI/AAAAAAAAE2s/PmYqI5rNFQ4/s72-c/Through-the-Language-Glass-W.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-2482491602662608610</id><published>2011-11-08T12:53:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-08T12:54:02.636-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='DEATH'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='2 SUNS  EXOPLANET'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='AN EVOLUTIONARY ADVANTAGE.'/><title type='text'>DEATH, AN EVOLUTIONARY ADVANTAGE.</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;For Annette Baudisch in nature could have existed ageless species that evolved side by side with others that aged. &lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/0,1518,795152,00.html"&gt;For André Martin&lt;/a&gt; (University of São Paulo), which investigates through computer simulations why animals and humans age and die, death may be an evolutionary advantage for the entire specie, eliminating less adapted individuals and giving better chances of survival to the remaining specie. In the simulations of Martin two species that differ only in one property (one age, the other not), struggling to conquer areas full of resources. A resource area is home to a single living creature. Under stable conditions prevail species that do not age, while the other disappears after 200-230 generations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;There is however the chance: a child achieves greater fitness (ability to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation), than their parents, so that species that age sometimes wins. For Martin, aging is not part of evolution, but an unwanted byproduct. Therefore if aging is independent of the reproductive process, we can stop it. For Tom Kirkwood, a species must decide whether to fight to preserve resources for self-preservation or reproduce as much as possible. A good fitness is maintained as a species can reproduce. After this, the body ceases to be important for evolution, which is a bio-technological disadvantage.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;MUERTE, UNA VENTAJA EVOLUTIVA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Para Annette Baudisch en la naturaleza podrian haber existido especies que evolucionaron sin envejecer, lado a lado con otras que si envejecian.Para André Martin (University of São Paulo), que investiga mediante simulaciones en computadora, porque animales y humanos envejecen y mueren, la muerte podría ser una ventaja evolutiva para la especie entera, eliminando a individuos menos adaptados dando mejores oportunidades de supervivencia a la especie restante. En las simulaciones de Martin dos especies que difieren en una sola propiedad (una envejece, la otra no), luchan por conquistar zonas plenas de recursos. Un area plena de recursos alberga a una sola criatura viva. Bajo condiciones estables las especies que no envejecen prevalecen, mientras la otra desaparece después de 200-230 generaciones. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Existe empero el azar: un niño logra mayor fitness (sobrevivir y pasar sus genes a la siguiente generación), que sus padres, con lo que la especie que envejece a veces gana. Para Martin el envejecimiento no es parte de la evolución, sino un subproducto no deseado por lo tanto, si el envejecimiento es independiente del proceso reproductivo, podremos detenerlo. Para Tom Kirkwood, una especie debe decidir si luchara por preservar recursos para autopreservarse o reproducirse tanto como sea posible. Un buen fitness es mantenido mientras una especie pueda reproducirse. Despues de ello el cuerpo deja de ser importante para la evolución, lo que constituye una desventaja bio-tecnológica. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-2482491602662608610?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/2482491602662608610/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=2482491602662608610&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2482491602662608610'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2482491602662608610'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/death-evolutionary-advantage.html' title='DEATH, AN EVOLUTIONARY ADVANTAGE.'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-557279941291424609</id><published>2011-11-06T03:15:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-06T03:15:56.565-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='AGING: A DISEASE TO BE  TREATED'/><title type='text'>AGING: A DISEASE TO BE  TREATED</title><content type='html'>Audrey de Grey should feel happy, because their assumptions are starting to become reality. Administering to a mice of 9 months age, a drug that induces self-suicide of its senescent cells (which do not divide and secrete molecules that cause low-grade inflammation in tissues where they accumulate), avoid formation of cataracts, arterial atheromatous plaques and postponed the occurrence of diseases of aging.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;With genetic engineering techniques Darren J. Baker and Jan M. van Deursen (Mayo Clinic/Rochester/Minnesota), created a strain of rapidly aging mice, genetically modified to self-destroy senescent cells activating the gene p16Ink4a and purging them out of the body. Such kind of mice had enhanced tissue that do not developed cataracts,that exercised morehad strong muscles, had more fat in the skin and had no wrinkles. The removal of senescent cells promotes a significant reduction in aging pathology giving reason to Audrey that considers aging a disease rather than inevitable. As in mice and people senescent cells are few in number, drugs produce few side effects. Senescent cells are beneficial in youth but dangerous in the elderly, when the immune system takes more time to eliminate them. An experiment that shows that processes that lead to aging can be eliminated. Cellular senescence stops the proliferation of dysfunctional or damaged cells preventing the progression to tumor cells.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;ENVEJECIMIENTO: UNA ENFERMEDAD A TRATAR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Audrey de Grey debe sentirse feliz, ya que sus hipótesis empiezan a convertirse en realidad. Administrando a ratones de 9 meses un medicamento que promueve suicidio de celulas senescentes (que no se dividen y secretan moléculas causando inflamacion de grado bajo en los tejidos donde se acumulan), evitando asi la formación de cataratas, placas ateromatosas arteriales y otros, se pospone la aparición de enfermedades del envejecimiento. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VEN0amcuIMQ/TrZsJsTY-XI/AAAAAAAAE1s/TxXRFIJCc3E/s1600/imagesokk.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" ida="true" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VEN0amcuIMQ/TrZsJsTY-XI/AAAAAAAAE1s/TxXRFIJCc3E/s1600/imagesokk.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;A la derecha celulas senescentes eliminadas.Nature. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Con técnicas de ingeniería genética &lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature10600.html"&gt;Darren J. Baker y Jan M. van Deursen&lt;/a&gt; (Clinica Mayo/Rochester/Minnesota), crearon una cepa de ratones de envejecimiento rápido, geneticamente modificados para destruir mediante apoptosis a celulas que expresaban el gene p16Ink4a, purgándolas delcuerpo. Ratones con tejidos mejorados que no desarrollaron cataratas, musculos que no se gastaban, que hacían mas ejercicios, tenían mas grasa en la piel y carecían de arrugas. La remoción de células senescentes promueve una significativa reduccion de patologias de la vejez, dando la razón al buen Audrey que considera a la vejez una enfermedad mas que algo inevitable. Como en ratones y personas las células senescentes son escasas en numero, los medicamentos para eliminarlas producen pocos efectos colaterales. Las células senescentes son benéficas en la juventud pero peligrosas en el adulto mayor, cuando el sistema inmune tarda en eliminarlas. Un experimento que demuestra que los procesos que conducen a la vejez pueden ser eliminados. La senescencia celular que detiene la proliferacion de celulas disfuncionales o dañadas impide la progresión de las celulas tumorales. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-557279941291424609?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/557279941291424609/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=557279941291424609&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/557279941291424609'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/557279941291424609'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/aging-disease-to-be-treated.html' title='AGING: A DISEASE TO BE  TREATED'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VEN0amcuIMQ/TrZsJsTY-XI/AAAAAAAAE1s/TxXRFIJCc3E/s72-c/imagesokk.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7189360900774055745</id><published>2011-11-01T10:46:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-11-01T10:46:22.258-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='BRAIN   and   FREE WILL'/><title type='text'>BRAIN   and   FREE WILL</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Michael Gazzaniga (Psychologist, University of California/Santa Barbara) with more than 45 years, dedicated to the study of people with brain split personality has published: The Ethical Brain,&amp;nbsp; that redefines concepts of responsibility, free will , uses of neuroscience in society and in the courts. Gazzaniga argues that: I) Division of labor exists between brain hemispheres: the left hemisphere (lh), is the intellectual, the right hemisphere (rh) is the visual-spatial skilled artist. Example: to a patient with cerebral split personality, was showed to his rh, the image of a bicycle. He saw nothing, because his lh was cut and lacked visual input and information coming from the rh. Although he saw the bicycle, his rh lacked language to name it. However he could direct the hand and control the drawing of the bicycle. Thus, his rh, identifies objects by touch, feeling, seeing the image. Although the brain systems are separated there is a sense of brain unity. II) That new knowledge of neural processes are related to human responsibility. The brain is guided by an autopilot that act first and ask questions later. III) If our behavior is automatic when I'm responsible for my actions?. Where is my free will?.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;IV) That current brain-scanning technology is not ready as reliable evidence in the legal system. V) That developing neurons are coded to congregate in specific brain areas that specialize in certain tasks, with simultaneous local connection and intercommunication between two hemispheres. VI) The lh always tries continuously to give a coherent explanation to aware consciousness. The lh is the interpreter that creates illusions and inserted subconscious motives. VII) Gazzaniga asks whether in the future, our responsibility will be determined by studies of our neural circuits. He further argues that such findings will be applied in the brain legal system, mitigating responsibilities of certain crimes or validating the veracity of certain statements. Gazzaniga concludes that ultimately, responsibility (brain emerging property) is a contract between two people, rather than a cerebral property, which obeys to different laws. Responsibility will be redefined. Meanwhile its implications must be sought in our hearts, in human moral intuitions, in their laws and customs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;LIBRE ALBEDRIO y CEREBRO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Michael Gazzaniga (Psicologo de la Universidad de California/Santa Barbara) con mas de 45 años, dedicados al estudio de personas con personalidad cerebral dividida ha publicado : The ethical Brain, en el que redefine conceptos de responsabilidad, libre albedrio, usos de la neurociencia en sociedad y en las cortes de justicia. Gazzaniga sostiene que : I) Existe división del trabajo entre los hemisferios cerebrales : el hemisferio izquierdo (hi), es el intelectual, el hemisferio derecho (hd), es el experto artista visuo-espacial. Ejemplo: a un paciente con personalidad cerebral dividida, se le presento la imagen de una bicicleta a su hd. No vio nada, a causa del corte al hi, que carecia de ingresos visuales y de informacion del hd. Aunque el hd que vio la bicicleta carecia de lenguaje para nombrarlo, podia dirigir la mano y controlar el dibujo de la bicicleta. Asi, el hd, identifica objetos con el tacto, sintiendo y viendo la imagen. Aunque los sistemas están separados existe un sentido de unidad cerebral. II) Que, nuevos conocimientos de los procesos neurales tienen que ver con la responsabilidad humana. El cerebro es guiado por un piloto automatico que actua primero y pregunta después. III) Si nuestras conductas son automáticas cuan responsable soy de mis acciones?. ¿Donde esta mi libre albedrio?. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3ONz4iWBkeQ/TrAwVYJmRQI/AAAAAAAAE0w/g-SCx5mz3ZY/s1600/amazon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" ida="true" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3ONz4iWBkeQ/TrAwVYJmRQI/AAAAAAAAE0w/g-SCx5mz3ZY/s1600/amazon.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;IV) Que la tecnología actual: brain-scanning technology no esta lista como prueba fidedigna en el sistema legal. V) Que las neuronas en desarrollo son codificadas para congregarse en areas cerebrales especificas, especializadas en ciertas labores, con intercomunicacion simultanea local y entre los dos hemisferios. VI) Que el hi siempre intenta en forma continua, dar una explicación coherente a nuestra conciencia. El hi es el interprete que crea ilusiones e inserta motivos subconscientes. VII) Gazzaniga se pregunta si en el futuro nuestra responsabilidad será determinada por estudios de nuestros circuitos neurales. Sostiene ademas que los descubrimientos cerebrales tendran aplicacion en el sistema legal, mitigando las responsabilidades de ciertos crimenes o validando la veracidad de ciertos testimonios. Concluye Gazzaniga que al final, la responsabilidad (propiedad cerebral emergente), es un contrato entre dos personas, mas que una propiedad cerebral, que obedece a distintas leyes. Que la responsabilidad será redefinida y que mientras tanto sus implicancias deberan ser buscada en nuestros corazones, en las intuiciones morales humanas, en sus leyes y costumbres. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7189360900774055745?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7189360900774055745/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7189360900774055745&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7189360900774055745'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7189360900774055745'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/11/brain-and-free-will.html' title='BRAIN   and   FREE WILL'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3ONz4iWBkeQ/TrAwVYJmRQI/AAAAAAAAE0w/g-SCx5mz3ZY/s72-c/amazon.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-2440236544296568855</id><published>2011-10-30T04:26:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-30T04:26:32.874-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='BENEFICIAL   EFFECTS   of    YOGURT'/><title type='text'>BENEFICIAL   EFFECTS   of    YOGURT</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;In the latest issue of Science Translational Medicine was published an article that will alter the way to treat bacterial infections. In most hospitals pathogenic infections are fought with bactericidal or bacteriostatic antibiotics. Following the use of the former, the germs mutate creating antibiotic resistance (multidrug-resistence tuberculosis, etc.) with potential to develop global pandemics. The new approach to treat bacterial infections is based on living with germs, rather than eliminate them entirely. From this point of view, infections are caused by changes in the biota of different bacterial ecosystems within or outside the human body. Human bodies carry trillions of bacteria in arranged and interrelated microbiotas maintaining the health or predisposing to disease as appropriate.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jTzeY9u2_60/Tq00TMqOahI/AAAAAAAAE0A/9NXKVLdXvMU/s1600/106_cover.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" ida="true" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jTzeY9u2_60/Tq00TMqOahI/AAAAAAAAE0A/9NXKVLdXvMU/s1600/106_cover.gif" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;An alteration of the intestinal ecosystem can cause persistent diarrhea, chronic inflammation, and so on. The intake &lt;a href="http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/3/106/106ps41.abstract"&gt;of fresh yogurt &lt;/a&gt;or fermented milk for mice and human twins &lt;a href="http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/3/106/106ra106.abstract"&gt;containing non-pathogenic germs&lt;/a&gt; (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. Cremoris, and Streptococcus thermophilus, etc.) is able to restore the balance of intestinal bacterial flora of the host, allowing better absorption of carbohydrates, enhance immunity, suppress the growth of pathogenic flora, etc. Although in this experiment no significant changes in the composition of bacterial species or genes encoding enzymes, the RNA sequencing analysis (RNA-Seq) of fecal samples showed significant changes in the expression of enzymes of the microbiome, affecting numerous metabolic pathways especially those involved in carbohydrate metabolism, xilooligosacarides catabplism, glycans widely distributed in fruits, vegetables and other trace elements. The human fecal metatranscriptome showed significant changes including those related to the metabolism of vegetable polysaccharides.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;EFECTOS BENEFICOS DEL YOGURT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En el ultimo numero de Science Translational Medicine se publico un articulo que va alterar el modo de tratar las infecciones bacterianas. En la mayoría de establecimientos hospitalarios las infecciones patógenas son combatidas con antibióticos bactericidas o bacteriostaticos. Tras el empleo de los primeros, los germenes mutan generando resistencias a antibióticos (tuberculosis multidrogresistencia,etc), con potencial para generar pandemias mundiales. El nuevo enfoque de tratamiento de las infecciones bacterianas se basa en convivir con los germenes, mas que eliminarlos totalmente. Desde este punto de vista, las infecciones se producen por cambios en las biotas de distintos ecosistemas bacterianos al interior o exterior del cuerpo humano. Los humanos portamos en nuestro cuerpo trillones de bacterias dispuestas en en microbiotas interrelacionadas manteniendo la salud o predisponiendo a la enfermedad según sea el caso.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Una alteración del ecosistema intestinal puede provocar diarreas persistentes, inflamaciones crónicas, etc. La ingesta de yogurt fresco o leche fermentada por ratones y gemelos humanos conteniendo germenes no patógenos (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, cepas de Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, and Streptococcus thermophilus,etc). Es capaz de restablecen el equilibrio de la flora bacteriana intestinal del hospedero, permitir una mejor absorción de carbohidratos, mejorar la inmunidad, reprimir el crecimiento de la flora patógena, etc. Aunque en el experimento de no hubo cambios significativos en la composicion de las especies bacterianas o en los genes codificadores de enzimas, el analisis de secuenciación del RNA (RNA-Seq), de muestras fecales mostro cambios significativos en la expresion de las enzimas del microbioma, comprometiendo numerosas vias metabolicas especialmente las implicadas en el metabolismo de los carbohidratos, catabolismo de xilooligosacaridos, glicanos ampliamente distribuidos en frutas, vegetables y otros oligoelementos. El metatranscriptoma fecal humano mostro cambios significativos incluyendo los relacionados al metabolismo de polisacáridos vegetales. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-2440236544296568855?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/2440236544296568855/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=2440236544296568855&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2440236544296568855'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2440236544296568855'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/beneficial-effects-of-yogurt.html' title='BENEFICIAL   EFFECTS   of    YOGURT'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jTzeY9u2_60/Tq00TMqOahI/AAAAAAAAE0A/9NXKVLdXvMU/s72-c/106_cover.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-481952408428163059</id><published>2011-10-27T23:05:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-27T23:06:53.385-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='WORLD TODAY: LESS VIOLENT:'/><title type='text'>WORLD  TODAY: LESS VIOLENT</title><content type='html'>In: The better angels of our nature, why violence has Declined, Steve Pinker Professor of Psychology at Harvard, argues that large segments of modern societies have become less violent, less cruel, more peaceful and more intelligent, than in any previous period of human existence, due to the increase of reason applied to a wide range of situations. Preventing violence gradually became a natural behavior thanks to the appearance of printing, the spread of culture, cities, travel through long distances and global communication. Pinker has analyzed the causes of deaths of people of ancient archaeological sites, noting that there, 15% died at the hands of others. In contrast deaths at the hands of others reached 5% during the Aztec empire and only 3% during the last 2 world wars. The installation of states reduced the violence (peace process).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;MUNDO ACTUAL : MENOS VIOLENTO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Hksf6bDa78c/TqpGKq_Q7MI/AAAAAAAAEzY/dyOwZz0nuZo/s1600/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" ida="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Hksf6bDa78c/TqpGKq_Q7MI/AAAAAAAAEzY/dyOwZz0nuZo/s1600/images.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;En : The better angels of our nature, why violence has declined, Steve Pinker profesor de Psicologia de Harvard, sostiene que grandes segmentos de las sociedades modernas han devenido en menos violentas, menos crueles, mas pacificas y mas inteligentes, que en cualquier periodo previo de la existencia humana, debido al incremento de la razón aplicada a un amplio rango de situaciones. Evitar la violencia devino gradualmente en conducta natural merced a la aparicion de la imprenta, la diseminación de la cultura, las ciudades, los viajes a grandes distancias y la comunicación globalizada. Pinker ha analizado las causas de las muertes de personas de sitios arqueológicos antiguos, notando que allí, el 15% murió a manos de otras personas. En contraste las muertes a manos de otras personas alcanzaron el 5% durante el imperio azteca y apenas el 3% durante las 2 ultimas guerras mundiales. La instalación de los estados redujo la violencia (proceso de pacificación).&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-481952408428163059?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/481952408428163059/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=481952408428163059&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/481952408428163059'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/481952408428163059'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/in-better-angels-of-our-nature-why.html' title='WORLD  TODAY: LESS VIOLENT'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Hksf6bDa78c/TqpGKq_Q7MI/AAAAAAAAEzY/dyOwZz0nuZo/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-877090063345840074</id><published>2011-10-18T19:38:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-18T19:48:56.505-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='OBAMA WILL WIN THE 2012'/><title type='text'>OBAMA WILL WIN THE 2012</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-B2spYFBu4bw/Tp46jKqsbDI/AAAAAAAAExo/hkBbyWB3e1c/s1600/obama.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 128px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 150px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5665029757111921714" border="0" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-B2spYFBu4bw/Tp46jKqsbDI/AAAAAAAAExo/hkBbyWB3e1c/s320/obama.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;According to an article published in the latest issue of &lt;em&gt;Social Science Quarterly&lt;/em&gt;, written by Gregg Murray and David Schmitz, the instincts -largely irrational- play a role in the election of American presidents. &lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/0,1518,792457,00.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Obama was taller than McCain&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;during the U.S. elections of 2008. According to studies conducted by psychologists from a university of Texas most American presidents have been chosen higher than their opponents, since 1796.Reasons for these preferences are violence and the history that shaped behaviors and instincts during the course of evolution. For this reason, Obama will not have it easy in 2012 elections. One of his Republican opponents is as high as him and the other higher than him.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;OBAMA GANARA EL 2012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Según articulo aparecido en el ultimo numero de &lt;em&gt;Social Science Quarterly&lt;/em&gt;, los instintos -mayormente irracionales- juegan un rol en la elección de los presidentes americanos. Obama era mas alto que McCain durante las elecciones americanas del 2008. Segun estudios realizados por psicólogos de una universidad de Texas la mayoría de presidentes americanos elegidos han sido mas altos que sus contrincantes, desde 1796.Las causas de estas preferencias son la violencia y la historia que moldearon conductas e instintos durante el curso de la evolución. Por lo mismo, Obama no la tendrá fácil el 2012. Uno de sus contrincantes republicanos es tan alto como el y el otro mas alto que el.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-877090063345840074?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/877090063345840074/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=877090063345840074&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/877090063345840074'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/877090063345840074'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/obama-will-win-2012.html' title='OBAMA WILL WIN THE 2012'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-B2spYFBu4bw/Tp46jKqsbDI/AAAAAAAAExo/hkBbyWB3e1c/s72-c/obama.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-2383136611783968304</id><published>2011-10-16T05:47:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-16T05:57:10.953-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='FASTER THAN LIGHT SPEED'/><title type='text'>FASTER THAN LIGHT SPEED</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7qK2eGoouKI/TprUhQT6hcI/AAAAAAAAEww/BHe3uF_S-rU/s1600/Time-travel-through-a-wormhole-thumb-550xauto-38205.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 226px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5664073149151086018" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7qK2eGoouKI/TprUhQT6hcI/AAAAAAAAEww/BHe3uF_S-rU/s320/Time-travel-through-a-wormhole-thumb-550xauto-38205.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;And, if retested new experiments showed again that neutrinos travel faster than the speed of light?. At least that is what a research group OPERA (Oscillation Project with Emulsion-Tracking Apparatus), &lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/23/science/23speed.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;discovered 30 days ago&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;after analyzing the speed achieved by pulses of neutrinos sent from a particle accelerator (CERN), to a detector located 730 km away. As is known trillions of these subatomic particles with masses close to zero, electrically neutral, quasi ghostly cross our bodies every second without our noticing. &lt;strong&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt; One explanation is that the neutrinos travel faster through the earth than in empty space, says Dmitri Semikoz (University of Paris Diderot/France). &lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; According to Susan Gardner (University of Kentucky/Lexington), perhaps the dark energy that promotes the expansion of the universe interacts more strongly with photons of light, slowing them. &lt;strong&gt;III)&lt;/strong&gt; Perhaps neutrinos emanated from studied supernova explosions, were emitted first (than photons). &lt;strong&gt;IV)&lt;/strong&gt; Another explanation is that neutrinos pass through &lt;a href="http://t8web.lanl.gov/info05/INFO05talks/PaesINFO05.pdf"&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;shortcut routes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/a&gt;present in extra dimensions of the reality, thereby maintaining Einstein's Theory of Relativity, intact.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;MAS VELOCES QUE LA VELOCIDAD DE LA LUZ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;¿Y, si nuevos experimentos volviesen a probar que los neutrinos viajan mas rápido que la velocidad de la luz?. Al menos, eso es lo que investigadores del grupo OPERA (Oscillation Project with Emulsion-tRacking Apparatus), descubrieron hace 30 dias tras analizar la velocidad alcanzada por pulsos de neutrinos enviados desde un acelerador de partículas (CERN), hasta un detector ubicado a 730 km de distancia. Como se sabe trillones de estas partículas subatómicas, con masas cercanas al zero, eléctricamente neutrales, cuasi fantasmales atraviesan nuestros cuerpos cada segundo, sin que nos demos cuenta. I) Una explicacion es que los neutrinos viajan mas rapido a traves de la tierra que en el espacio vacio, dice Dmitri Semikoz (University of Paris Diderot/France). II) Para Susan Gardner (University of Kentucky/Lexington), tal vez la energía oscura que promueve la aceleración del universo interactua mas fuertemente con los fotones de luz, lentificándolos. III) Tal vez la luz y los neutrinos no emanan simultáneamente de las explosiónes de las supernovas estudiadas, emitiendo primero neutrinos. IV) Otra explicacion es que los neutrinos atraviesan rutas mas cortas presentes en dimensiones de la realidad, manteniendo asi, intacta, la Teoria de Einstein de la relatividad.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-2383136611783968304?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/2383136611783968304/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=2383136611783968304&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2383136611783968304'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2383136611783968304'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/faster-than-light-speed.html' title='FASTER THAN LIGHT SPEED'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7qK2eGoouKI/TprUhQT6hcI/AAAAAAAAEww/BHe3uF_S-rU/s72-c/Time-travel-through-a-wormhole-thumb-550xauto-38205.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-4681715908663684074</id><published>2011-10-13T17:25:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-13T17:34:36.219-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOBEL PRIZE VACCINE'/><title type='text'>NOBEL PRIZE VACCINE</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=di6lEUYvZfk"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;As all know Ralph Steinman (Rockefeller University/New York), one of the winners of Nobel Prize in Medicine 2011, died 3 days before the announcement because of advanced pancreatic cancer of 4 years duration. &lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/news/2011/111012/full/478163a.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Consistent with their findings, Steinman develop in himself personalized vaccines&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;composed of dendritic cells that regulate the immune system programming other cells to recognize and destroy cancer cells and others. Work done with friends around the world : I) Sarah Schlesinger (Rockefeller University), helped him to evaluate the tumor and the immune response to it, creating experimental immunotherapy protocols previously approved by the FDA [U.S. Food and Drug Administration]. II) With Michel Nussenzweig (Rockefeller University) and Ira Mellman (Genentech), planned the necessary to discover, what's important, what could and could not be done. III) Nussenzweig would take some of the tumor and make it grow in a mouse to have enough material for study. IV) Mellman developed a cell line to see the tumor susceptibility to various drugs. V) A colleague of Toronto would sequence a DNA mutation, which would help in the choice of drugs VI) A friend from Germany would extract surface peptide tumor antigens to be synthesized and used as vaccines. VII) Steiman was treated with conventional chemotherapy in combination with meaningful experimental therapies.&lt;br /&gt;VIII) Considering the variety of tactics that cancer cells use to recognize and avoid inmune attacks, 3 dendritic cell-based vaccines were used: a) Genetic engineered Steinman neoplastic cells were irradiated and programmed to produce a potent stimulator capable of attracting and activate dendritic cells and other immune cells. b) Tumor RNA was inserted into dendritic cells. Then surface tumor-specific antigens were injected back into the body of Steinman to teach other immune cells to seek and destroy cancer cells. c) Insertion of peptide antigens from the tumor within dendritic cells of Steiman. Injected into the body, modified dendritic cells were able to recognize and attack cancer cells. IX) Steiman believed that vaccines would be best if combined with an inhibitor of immunosuppressive effect of cancer cells, allowing the suppressed immune responses by cancer cells, regain full strength. In practice, the inhibitor: Ipilimumab was never administered in combination, because specific permit was denied. We will never know if therapy extended Steiman’s life. The truth is that he lived 4 years while most patients with pancreatic cancer die within months of diagnosis. Steinman showed that conventional therapies should be administered in conjunction with dendritic cell vaccines made as quickly as possible, given the limitations of animal models.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;LA VACUNA DEL PREMIO NOBEL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Como se sabe Ralph Steinman (Rockefeller University/New York), uno de los ganadores del Premio Nobel de Medicina 2011, murio 3 dias antes de recibirlo a causa de un cancer avanzado de pancreas de 4 años de duración. Consecuente con sus descubrimientos, Steinman empleo en si mismo, vacunas personalizadas compuestas por células dentriticas que regulan al sistema inmune programando a otras celulas a reconocer y destruir células cancerosas y otros. Tarea realizada con amigos de todo el mundo. I) Sarah Schlesinger (Rockefeller University), lo ayudo a evaluar al tumor y su respuesta immune creando protocolos de inmunoterapia experimental aprobadas previamente por la FDA [US Food and Drug Administration]. II) Con Michel Nussenzweig (Rockefeller University), y Ira Mellman (Genentech), discutió que experimentos hacer, lo necesario por descubrir, lo importante, lo que se podía y no se podía hacer. III) Nussenzweig tomaria algo del tumor y lo haria crecer en un raton para tener bastante material de estudio. IV) Mellman desarrollaría una linea celular para ver las susceptibilidad del tumor a varias drogas. V) Un colega de Toronto secuenciaria una mutacion de DNA, que ayudaría en la eleccion de drogas VI) Un colaborador de Alemania extraeria antígenos peptidicos de la superficie tumoral a fin de ser sintetizados y usados como vacunas. VII) Se emplearía quimioterapia convencional en combinacion con terapias experimentales con sentido. &lt;br /&gt;VIII) Considerando la variedad de tácticas cancerosas para impedir que las celulas immunes las reconozcan y ataquen: Se emplearon 3 vacunas basadas en células dentriticas : a) Mediante ingeniería genética, células neoplasicas irradiadas de Steinman fueron programadas para producir un potente estimulador capaz de atraer y activar celulas dendriticas y otras celulas immunes. b) El RNA tumoral fue insertado en celulas dentriticas. Luego, los antígenos específicos tumorales superficiales fueron inyectados otra vez en el cuerpo de Steinman para enseñar a otras células inmunes a quien buscar y destruir. c) Insercion de antigenos peptidicos de la superficie tumoral al interior de células dentriticas de Steiman. Inyectadas en el cuerpo las celulas dentriticas modificadas son capaces de reconocer al cancer y atacarlas. IX) Steiman creia que las vacunas serian mejores si se combinaban con un inhibidor del efecto inmuno-supresor de las células cancerosas, permitiendo que las respuestas inmunes suprimidas por el cáncer recuperen toda su fuerza. En la practica, el inhibitor: ipilimumab, nunca fue administrado en combinación, porque el permiso fue negado. Nunca se sabra si las terapias referidas extendieron la vida de Steiman Lo cierto es que Steiman vivio 4 años mientras la mayoría de pacientes con cáncer pancreático fallecen pocos meses después de ser diagnosticados. Steinman demostro que las terapias convencionales deberian ser administradas de conjunto con vacunas hechas con células dentriticas, tan rapido como sea posible, dadas las limitaciones de los modelos animales.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-4681715908663684074?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/4681715908663684074/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=4681715908663684074&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4681715908663684074'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4681715908663684074'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/nobel-prize-vaccine.html' title='NOBEL PRIZE VACCINE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-3942220794084287299</id><published>2011-10-12T10:59:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-12T11:06:56.790-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Supervirus'/><title type='text'>SUPERVIRUS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yYswr4mv_70/TpXWvS0ykPI/AAAAAAAAEv0/IGm_wpOjph4/s1600/virus.JPG"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 172px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5662668214483718386" border="0" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yYswr4mv_70/TpXWvS0ykPI/AAAAAAAAEv0/IGm_wpOjph4/s320/virus.JPG" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Figures taken from PNAS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Until recently, virus larger in size and in number of genes were &lt;em&gt;Megaviridae (Mimivirus&lt;/em&gt;), discovered in 1992 in cold waters of an english suburb. With 400 nm in diameter -nearly a bacteria- &lt;em&gt;Mimivirus&lt;/em&gt; infect aquatic amoebae. Now a team led by &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/10/04/1110889108.full.pdf+html?sid=8c3113e6-80f3-4617-855e-cac1e43165b4"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Jean-Michel Claverie&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;(French Research Center CNRS), have discovered a bigger virus -almost a parasite- : &lt;em&gt;Mega chilensis&lt;/em&gt; of 440 nm and 680 nm in diameter if we add the virus their external fibrillar structures. Claverie and his team infected amoebae with &lt;em&gt;Mega chilensis&lt;/em&gt;, identifying in the virus certain super-specialized &lt;em&gt;reproductive trojan organelles&lt;/em&gt;. The discovery revolutionized our concepts of organic evolution. Considering that viruses use to survive the reproductive machinery of other cells, they may eventually end up appropriating some genes of infected cells. Others believe that these viruses are the remnants of ancestral genomes of back evolving parasites : reductive evolution.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;SUPERVIRUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hasta hace poco los virus más grandes en tamaño y número de genes eran los &lt;em&gt;Megaviridae (Mimivirus)&lt;/em&gt;, descubiertos en 1992 en aguas frias de un suburbio ingles. Con 400 nm de diámetro -casi una bacteria- los &lt;em&gt;Mimivirus&lt;/em&gt; infectan amebas acuáticas. Ahora un equipo liderado por Jean-Michel Claverie (French Research Center CNRS), han descubierto un virus más grande -casi un parásito- : &lt;em&gt;Mega chilensis&lt;/em&gt; de 440 nm de diámetro y 680 nm si se les añade sus estructuras fibrilares externas. Claverie y su equipo Infectaron amebas con &lt;em&gt;Mega chilensis&lt;/em&gt;, identificando en el virus: &lt;em&gt;organelas trojanas&lt;/em&gt; superespecializadas en reproducción. El hallazgo revoluciona nuestros conceptos de evolución organica. Considerando que para reproducirse los virus emplean la maquinaria reproductiva de otras células, es posible que a la larga terminen apropiándose de algunos genes de las células infectadas. Otros opinan que estos virus son el remanente de genomas ancestrales de parásitos en evolución descendente : evolución reductiva.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-3942220794084287299?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/3942220794084287299/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=3942220794084287299&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3942220794084287299'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3942220794084287299'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/supervirus.html' title='SUPERVIRUS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yYswr4mv_70/TpXWvS0ykPI/AAAAAAAAEv0/IGm_wpOjph4/s72-c/virus.JPG' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-6672746356020721617</id><published>2011-10-09T08:30:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-09T09:03:43.428-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NEW AVENUES   TO OBTAIN  THE  FIRST  HUMAN   CLONE'/><title type='text'>NEW AVENUES   TO OBTAIN  THE  FIRST  HUMAN   CLONE</title><content type='html'>&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mJgjfOloDMg/TpHEr7HkasI/AAAAAAAAEvI/I6ELVhuu74g/s1600/nature10397-f1_2OKK.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 299px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 200px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5661522465464281794" border="0" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mJgjfOloDMg/TpHEr7HkasI/AAAAAAAAEvI/I6ELVhuu74g/s320/nature10397-f1_2OKK.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#330033;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Figure taken from Nature&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6hhBgi9cVCw"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Somatic cell nuclear transfer into oocytes without fertilization and non nuclear removal (modification of somatic cell nuclear transfer: SCNT, which allows to create a clone of the sheep Dolly), has allowed scientists from the New York Stem Cell Foundation Laboratory (Dieter Egli Scott Noggle &lt;em&gt;et al&lt;/em&gt;), reprogram transferred somatic cells to a pluripotent stage, creating blastocysts containing 100 stem cells, that generate 3 germ cell layers opening the possibility to generate replacement cells to treat type I diabetes, Parkinson's or Alzheimer's. Also demonstrating that removal of the oocyte genome (standard cloning technique) is unsuccessful because developments failures after exchanging genomes (detained late division stages associated with transcriptional abnormalities of the blastocyst generated). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;While the procedure can be customized the specific cell implantation will not cause immune rejection, keeping pluripotency, opening the possibility of creating human clones from blastocysts obtained, which now face technical difficulties: they would be not true clones because the DNA from the resulting stem cells, is not exactly equal to the donated somatic cells. And while in 2006 were created induced pluripotent adult stem cells (iPS) to develop embryos reprogrammed by the addition of a few genetic factors (instead of using full oocytes), in recent years has been discovered that iPS cells differ from natural embryonic stem cells that lead to the formation of a human being. It is now known that the DNA of the oocyte is able to direct proper embryonic development and of preimplantation embryo in parthenogenetic development. Oocyte also contains transcriptional factors of early embryonic development (Oct4), which help to reprogram the somatic cell nucleus.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;CAMINO A LA OBTENCIÓN DEL PRIMER CLON HUMANO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;La trasferencia nuclear de células somaticas a oocitos sin fertilizar y sin remoción nuclear (modificacion de trasferencia nuclear de células somaticas :SCNT, que posibilito crear un clon de la oveja Dolly), ha permitido a científicos del New York Stem Cell Foundation Laboratory (&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v478/n7367/full/nature10397.html"&gt;Dieter Egli, Scott Noggle &lt;em&gt;et al&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), reprogramar células somaticas transferidas a un estadio pluripotencial, creando blastocistos de 100 celulas madre, que &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/news/2011/111005/full/news.2011.578.html"&gt;desarrollan 3 capas germinativas celulares embrionarias&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, abriendo la posibilidad de generar celulas finales de reemplazo para tratar Diabetes tipo I, Parkinson o Alzheimer, demostrando de paso que la remocion del genoma del oocito (técnica standard de clonación), es causa de fallidos desarrollos tras intercambiar genomas (detenidos en estadios de división tardia asociados a anomalías transcripcionales del blastocisto generado).&lt;br /&gt;En tanto el procedimiento puede ser personalizado la implantación de células especificas finales no ocasionaria rechazo inmune, manteniendose la pluripotencia, quedando abierta la posibilidad de crear clones humanos a partir de los blastocistos obtenidos, que por ahora afrontan dificultades técnicas : no serian verdaderos clones porque el DNA de las celulas madres resultantes, no es exactamente igual al de las células somaticas donadas. Y, aunque en el 2006 se crearon células madre adultas pluripotentes inducidas (iPS), reprogramadas para desarrollar embriones mediante adicion de pocos factores geneticos (en lugar de emplear oocitos), en los ultimos años se ha descubierto que esyas células difieren de las celulas madres embrionarias que conducen a la formación de un ser humano. Se sabe ahora que el DNA del oocito es capaz de dirigir un desarrollo embrionario apropiado y la preimplantacion en desarrollos partenogeneticos embrionarios. El oocito además contiene factores maternos de transcripccion del desarrollo embrionario temprano (Oct4), que ayudan a reprogramar al nucleo de celulas somaticas. Principio del formulario&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-6672746356020721617?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/6672746356020721617/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=6672746356020721617&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6672746356020721617'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6672746356020721617'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/new-avenues-to-obtain-first-human-clone.html' title='NEW AVENUES   TO OBTAIN  THE  FIRST  HUMAN   CLONE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mJgjfOloDMg/TpHEr7HkasI/AAAAAAAAEvI/I6ELVhuu74g/s72-c/nature10397-f1_2OKK.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7845006301779715352</id><published>2011-10-05T07:04:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-07T12:56:01.500-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011'/><title type='text'>Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-WAN2ln2Lw0Y/ToxnTL21nmI/AAAAAAAAEuQ/doT5FrY3bgc/s1600/difraccion"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 114px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 200px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5660012410995842658" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-WAN2ln2Lw0Y/ToxnTL21nmI/AAAAAAAAEuQ/doT5FrY3bgc/s200/difraccion" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#663366;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1623"&gt;WATCH VIDEO -2-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QiT00AUwQl8"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;2011 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to &lt;a href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2011/press.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;the israeli Daniel Shechtman&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;for discovered quasicrystals, in which the nature of matter is altered, even when it maintains certain pattern of regularity (&lt;em&gt;golden ratio&lt;/em&gt;), an aperiodic mosaic with atomic arrangements that never repeat such to those developed in medieval Arab art, a configuration estimated impossible. In 1982, while Shechtman observed through an electron microscope caught his attention certain &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2011/info_publ_eng_2011.pdf"&gt;diffraction pattern: a circle surrounded by 10 dots (&lt;em&gt;tenfold symmetry&lt;/em&gt;),&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; contrary to every law of nature according to conventional wisdom. Like to build a football stadium with only 6 cornered polygons, instead of 5 and 6 simultaneously. Until then, it was believed that in all solid matter, the atoms were packed inside the crystals with regular and symmetrical patterns repeated periodically again and again. In &lt;em&gt;quasicrystals&lt;/em&gt; the ratio of several interatomic distances is related to the &lt;em&gt;golden mean&lt;/em&gt;. Some applications of quasicrystals : in certain forms of steel reinforcing material as armor. They are also used in diesel engines and frying pans.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;PREMIO NOBEL DE QUIMICA 2011.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;El Premio Nóbel de Física 2011, fué otorgado al israelí Daniel Shechtman por descubrir cuasicristales, en los que la naturaleza de la materia está alterada, aún cuando mantiene cierto patrón de regularidad (&lt;em&gt;golden ratio&lt;/em&gt;), con disposiciones atómicas mosaicas aperiódicas que nunca se repiten semejantes a los desarrollados en el arte árabe medieval, configuración estimada como imposible. En 1982, mientras Shechtman observaba a través de un microscopio electrónico llamó su atención cierto patrón de difracción: un circulo rodeado de 10 puntos (&lt;em&gt;tenfold symmetry&lt;/em&gt;), contrario a toda ley de la naturaleza según la sabiduria convencional. Tanto como construir un estadio de fútbol con solo 6 polígonos en las esquinas, en vez de 5 y 6 simultáneamente. Hasta entonces se creía que en toda materia sólida, los átomos estaban empaquetados al interior de los cristales con patrones simétricos repetidos regular y periódicamente una y otra véz. En los cuasicristales el ratio de varias distancias interatómicas se relaciona con el &lt;em&gt;golden mean&lt;/em&gt;. Algunas aplicaciones de los cuasicristales : en ciertas formas de acero, los cuasicristales refuerzan al material como armadura. También se emplean en motores diesel y sartenes. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7845006301779715352?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7845006301779715352/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7845006301779715352&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7845006301779715352'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7845006301779715352'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/nobel-prize-in-chemistry-2011.html' title='Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-WAN2ln2Lw0Y/ToxnTL21nmI/AAAAAAAAEuQ/doT5FrY3bgc/s72-c/difraccion' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-2222062481437688833</id><published>2011-10-04T21:37:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-05T07:28:42.956-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 2011'/><title type='text'>NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 2011</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JSoI0e_jH_k"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;2011 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to astronomers Saul Perlmutter (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Brian Schmidt (Weston Creek/Australia) and Adam G. Riess (Space Telescope Science Institute/Johns Hopkins University/Baltimore) for his discoveries -since 1998- &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2011/press.html"&gt;of accelerating expansion of the universe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, observing &lt;a href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2011/info_publ_phy_11_en.pdf"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Type Ia supernova explosions&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(stars as heavy as our sun but as small as the Earth), emitting as much light as the total of our galaxy. Using sophisticated telescopes on earth and in space, powerful computers and new sensors for digital imaging (CCD), they studied 50 supernovae found that their light was weaker than expected -a sign that the expansion of the universe was accelerating- feeling that if this continued to accelerate (forced by dark energy, which makes up ¾ of the universe), our universe ultimate fate is cold, very cold. According to quantum theory, empty space exerts a repulsive force like that exerted by dark energy but that is 10 &lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;120&lt;/span&gt; times stronger than that measured by astronomers, leaving open the possibility of the possible existence of multiverses.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;PREMIO NOBEL DE FISICA 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El Premio Nobel de Física 2011, fue otorgado a los astrónomos Saul Perlmutter (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a title="Web site" href="http://www.lbl.gov/"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;), Brian Schmidt (Weston Creek/Australia) y Adam G. Riess (Space Telescope Science Institute/Johns Hopkins University/Baltimore), por sus descubrimientos –desde 1998- de aceleración de la expansión del Universo mediante observación de explosiones de supernovas tipo Ia (estrellas tan pesadas como nuestro sol pero tan pequeñas como la Tierra), que emiten tanta luz como el total de nuestra galaxia. Empleando sofisticados telescopios ubicados en la tierra y en el espacio, poderosas computadoras y nuevos sensores de proyección de imágenes digitales (CCD), estudiaron 50 supernovas constatando que su luz era mas debil de lo esperado, signo de que la expansion del universo se estaba acelerando, intuyendose que si esta continuaba acelerandose (forzada por la energía oscura, que compone ¾ del universo), este terminara helado. Segun la teoría cuántica el espacio vacio ejerce una fuerza repulsiva semejante a la ejercida por la energía oscura pero que es 10&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;120&lt;/span&gt; veces mas fuerte que lo medido por los astrónomos, dejando abierta la posibilidad de la posible existencia de multiversos.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-2222062481437688833?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/2222062481437688833/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=2222062481437688833&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2222062481437688833'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2222062481437688833'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/nobel-prize-in-physics-2011.html' title='NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 2011'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-8097031286728318130</id><published>2011-10-03T20:10:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-05T07:27:04.515-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOBEL   PRIZE  IN  PHYSIOLOGY   OR  MEDICINE'/><title type='text'>NOBEL   PRIZE  IN  PHYSIOLOGY   OR  MEDICINE</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NG3dXEH7kbs&amp;amp;NR=1"&gt;WATCH VIDEO -2-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2011/press.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;3 scientists share Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;2011: the american Bruce Beutler (Scripps Research Institute/La Jolla, California), the frenchman Jules Hoffmann (Research in genetics and immunity :1974-2009, President of the French Academy of Sciences: 2007-2008) and the canadian Ralph Steinman (Rockefeller University in New York). Hoffmann Identified in 1996, protein sensors capable of identifying pathogens &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2011/med_image_press_eng.pdf"&gt;(innate immunity&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), infecting mutant fruit flies with bacteria or fungi, noting that they died because they can not mount an effective defense for lack of protein sensors and activation mechanisms of their immune systems. Beutler discovered in 1998 that some mutant mice with genes similar to fruit flies have altered protein receptors (Toll-like: TLR). When these receptor proteins joined some lipopolysaccharides (LPS), present on the surface of a pathogenic microorganism, inflammatory signals were activated. If excessive amounts of LPS exist, septic shock occurred. That is, fruit fly and mammals use similar molecules to activate their innate immunity. Beutler also showed that LPS caused sometimes septic shock ometimes associated to overstimulation of the immune system. Some individuals with mutations in their protein receptors are at increased risk of infections or chronic inflammatory diseases. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;On the other hand, Steinman identified in 1973, a new type of dendritic cells, which in cell cultures effectively activated T cells. The signals of the innate immune response is evaluated by dendritic cells to decide the control and activation of T cells to react against pathogens, preventing an attack by the body's own endogenous molecules, inducing T cells to produce antibodies against infection keeping an immune system memory of such facts in order to mobilize fast and powerful defenses if occurred after similar attacks. Useful procedures for developing therapies and prevention systems against infections, cancer, inflammatory diseases and improved vaccines to help the immune system to treat tumors, new treatments for inflammatory diseases, explain why our body attacks itself, and so on. However, there is a risk, if the activation threshold is very low, endogenous molecules can trigger the immune system to develop an inflammatory disease.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;PREMIO NOBEL EN FISIOLOGÍA O MEDICINA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3 científicos comparten el Premio Nóbel de Medicina o Fisiología 2011: el americano Bruce Beutler (Scripps Research Institute/La Jolla, California), el francés Jules Hoffmann (Investigaciones en genética e inmunidad:1974-2009, Presidente de la Academia francesa de Ciencias: 2007-2008) y el canadiense Ralph Steinman (Rockefeller University in New York). Hoffmann identifico (1996), sensores proteicos capaces de identificar microorganismos patógenos (inmunidad innata), infectando moscas mutantes de la fruta con bacterias u hongos, observando que estas morian al no poder montar una defensa efectiva por carecer de sensores proteicos y de mecanismos de activacion de sus sistemas inmunes. Por su lado, Beutler descubrio en 1998, que algunos ratones mutantes con genes similares al de la mosca de la fruta tenían receptores proteicos (Toll-like :TLR). Cuando estos receptores proteicos se unian a cierto lipolisacarido (LPS), presente en la superficie de un microrganismo patógeno, se activaban señales inflamatorias. Si las cantidades de LPS eran excesivas se producía shock séptico. Es decir que la mosca de la fruta y los mamíferos emplean moléculas similares para activar su inmunidad innata. Beutler demostró asimismo que LPS, causaban a veces shock séptico, asociada a sobreestimulacion del sistema inmune. Algunos individuos con mutaciones en sus receptores proteicos tienen riesgo incrementado de infecciones o enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Por su lado, Steinman identifico en 1973, un nuevo tipo de celula dentritica, que en cultivos celulares activaba eficazmente a las celulas T. Las señales de la respuesta inmune innata son evaluadas por las células dentriticas quienes deciden el control y activación de las celulas T, para reaccionar contra microorganismos patógenos, evitando un ataque del cuerpo con moléculas endógenas propias, induciendo a las células T a producir anticuerpos contra infecciones, manteniendo el sistema inmune memoria de tales hechos movilizando rapidas y poderosas defensas si ocurriesen ataques similares posteriores. Procedimientos útiles para desarrollar terapias y sistemas de prevención contra infecciones, cáncer, enfermedades inflamatorias y vacunas mejoradas de ayuda al sistema inmune para tratar tumores, nuevos tratamientos contra enfermedades inflamatorias, explicar porque nuestro organismo se ataca a si mismo, etc. No obstante existe un riesgo, si el umbral de activacion es muy bajo o si moleculas endogenas activan al sistema es posible el desarrollo de una enfermedad inflamatoria.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-8097031286728318130?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/8097031286728318130/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=8097031286728318130&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8097031286728318130'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8097031286728318130'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/nobel-prize-in-physiology-or-medicine.html' title='NOBEL   PRIZE  IN  PHYSIOLOGY   OR  MEDICINE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-3854005998516992298</id><published>2011-10-02T03:18:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-10-02T03:28:12.652-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOBEL   AWARDS  to  ASIAN COUNTRIES'/><title type='text'>NOBEL   AWARDS  to  ASIAN COUNTRIES</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JZ9z-7SM4Q"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;2 News coming from Asia met the readers of international scientific journals: &lt;strong&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt; The unmanned launch (09/29/2011, from the Gobi Desert), of the first module (&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.universetoday.com/89316/chinas-blasts-first-space-lab-tiangong-1-to-orbit/"&gt;Tiangong-1/Heavenly Palace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), of the future Chinese space station to Earth orbit, hoping that this will be more cheaper than European-Russian-American ISS space station, giving China more political, scientific and military prestige. Something that happens precisely when USA, ended its space shuttle fleet and plans to do the same (2020), with the ISS, due to its high maintenance cost. The Tiangong-1 will orbit the earth for 2 years, time in which will be used by Chinese astronauts for space walks and docking techniques, in order to increase the size of Tiangong-1 inorder to convert it in a natural basis for future space missions (travel to the Moon and Mars). &lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; The predictions of the &lt;a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2011/oct/01/nobel-prizes-asian-scientists-us"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;British analyst David Pendlebury&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(Thomson Reuters), in the sense that 2012 will mark the beginning of the emergency of Nobel Prizes (Physics, Mathematics, Chemistry, Anthropology), coming from Asia, especially China, as did before scientists from England, Germany and France in the first half of Twentieth Century and American researchers from USA after the World War II.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;PREMIOS NOBEL a PAÍSES ASIATICOS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2 noticias procedentes de Asia llenaron los titulares de revistas científicas internacionales: I) El lanzamiento no tripulado (29/09/2011), desde el desierto de Gobi, del primer modulo (Tiangong-1/Heavenly Palace), de la futura estacion espacial china a la orbita terrestre, esperandose sea mas barata que el ISS europeo-ruso-americano, otorgando a China prestigio político, cientifico y militar. Hecho que ocurre precisamente cuando USA desactiva definitivamente su flota de transbordadores espaciales y planea hacer lo mismo (2020), con el ISS, por su alto costo de mantenimiento. El Tiangong-1 orbitara la tierra durante 2 años, tiempo en el que será usado por astronautas chinos para realizar caminatas espaciales y tecnicas de acoplamiento, a fin de que la estación espacial incremente su tamaño y se convierta en base natural de futuras misiones espaciales (viajes tripulados a la Luna y Marte). II) Las predicciones del analista británico David Pendlebury (Thomson Reuters), en el sentido de que el 2012 marcara el inicio de la emergencia numérica de premios Nobel (Física, Matematicas, Química, Antropología), procedentes de Asia, especialmente de China, como antes lo hicieran científicos de Inglaterra, Alemania y Francia en la primera década del siglo XX y de USA después de la II Guerra Mundial. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-3854005998516992298?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/3854005998516992298/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=3854005998516992298&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3854005998516992298'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3854005998516992298'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/10/nobel-awards-to-asian-countries.html' title='NOBEL   AWARDS  to  ASIAN COUNTRIES'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-129034285482160120</id><published>2011-09-27T18:41:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-28T07:35:26.260-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='CONSEQUENCES   OF   BLAST   BOMBS'/><title type='text'>CONSEQUENCES   OF   BLAST   BOMBS</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DdcE4bWmCvE/ToJ9YqkuJ0I/AAAAAAAAErQ/qSbktgfbzo0/s1600/journal_pone_0022899_g003.png"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 245px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 320px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5657221944629405506" border="0" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DdcE4bWmCvE/ToJ9YqkuJ0I/AAAAAAAAErQ/qSbktgfbzo0/s320/journal_pone_0022899_g003.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Now that are appearing more and more cases -near epidemic- of chronic brain injuries in ex-combatants of Iraq and Afghanistan wars, scientific research has discovered a second neurological syndrome associated with blasts bombs that spreading as shock waves by the whole body caused brain chronic damage in combatant militaries and in bomb specialists working at 50 m away from the blast. The syndrome known as TBI (traumatic brain injury) is characterized cognitively by sleep problems, headache, tinnitus, nausea, forgetfulness, etc. Until recently, TBIs were confused with classic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Fortunately, the Pentagon, The Gray Team (Walter Reed Hospital/Bethesda, Maryland), Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the Office of Naval Research, support research to this respect. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;TBI, may be affecting more than 320 000 american ex-combatants. In the meantime M.A. Hemphill et al, published an article: M. A. Hemphill et al. PLoS ONE 6, e22899, 2011, in which he argues that blast bombs alters the in chain functioning cellular reactions destroying integrin signals, blocking interneuronal connections, which impair every day people function, with subsequent risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer's or Parkinson's. Blood tests have been developed to diagnose silent TBI showing elevated C-terminal ubiquitin hydrolase, UCH-L1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein: GFAP. For its part, the forensic pathologist Bennet Omalu identified in histological sections of football players abnormal accumulations of tau protein associated with Alzheimer's and other dementias (BI Omalu &lt;em&gt;et al.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;Neurosurgery&lt;/em&gt; 57, 128-134, 2005). &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;CONSECUENCIAS DE LOS ESTALLIDOS DE BOMBAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Ahora que estan apareciendo más y más casos -casi epidémicos- de lesiones cerebrales crónicas en ex-combatientes de las guerras de Irak y Afganistán, la investigación científica neurológica ha descubierto un segundo síndrome asociado al estrés y estallido de bombas -que propagando ondas expansivas por todo el cuerpo dañan al cerebro en forma crónica- sucediendo en militares en combate y en especialistas en bombas que trabajan a 50 m de distancia de la detonación. El síndrome denominado TBI (Injuria cerebral traumática), se caracteriza cognitivamente por problemas de sueño, cefalea, zumbido de oídos, náusea, olvidos,etc. Hasta hace poco los TBIs eran confundidos con clásicos desordenes de estrés post-traumáticos (PTSD). Felizmente, el Pentágono, The Gray Team (Walter Reed Hospital/Bethesda, Maryland), el Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) y el Office of Naval Research, apoyan investigaciones al respecto. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;El TBI podría estar afectando a mas de 320 000 ex-combatientes americanos. Por lo pronto M.A, Hemphill et al, ha publicado un artículo : &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi/10.1371/journal.pone.0022899"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;M. A. Hemphill et al. PLoS ONE 6, e22899; 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;en el que sostiene que el estallido de bombas altera en cadena el funcionamiento de reacciones celulares destruyendo señales de las integrinas, bloqueando finalmente conexiones interneuronales, que deterioran la función del día a día, con riesgo ulterior de desarrollo de enfermedades neurodegenerativas : Alzheimer y/o Parkinson. Se han desarrollado tests sanguíneos para diagnosticar TBI silentes : elevación de ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase :UCH-L1 y glial fibrillary acidic protein :GFAP. Por su lado, el patólogo forense Bennet Omalu ha identificado en cortes histológicos de jugadores de futbol americano acumulaciones anormales de la proteina tau, asociada al Alzheimer y otras demencias (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000163407.92769.ED"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;B. I. Omalu et al. Neurosurgery 57, 128–134; 2005&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-129034285482160120?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/129034285482160120/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=129034285482160120&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/129034285482160120'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/129034285482160120'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/consequences-of-blast-bombs.html' title='CONSEQUENCES   OF   BLAST   BOMBS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DdcE4bWmCvE/ToJ9YqkuJ0I/AAAAAAAAErQ/qSbktgfbzo0/s72-c/journal_pone_0022899_g003.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7227475688227398189</id><published>2011-09-25T09:07:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-25T09:21:33.378-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NEONATAL    LEARNING'/><title type='text'>NEONATAL    LEARNING</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_CjbicQtl8&amp;amp;feature=relmfu"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Results of childhood brain research are inducing in Japan and Europe major educational changes. Although babies are born with hundreds of thousands of neurons, these cells initially have few points of contact (&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapse"&gt;synapse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) between them. Shortly later, neurons are rapidly interconnected, forming large neural networks. At 2 years the child has hundreds of billions of synapses (same as an adult), and at 3 years old, the double. This overproduction of synapses, allow infants to adapt to any situation, to be in a position to repeat correctly sounds of all languages. As you learn only what is experienced, over time certain neural pathways are strengthened, while others are degraded. If the &lt;em&gt;experience&lt;/em&gt; before the age of 3 is low, the potential for learning language is lost, making it difficult to speak with the appropriate accent if the infant learns later because the critical phase has passed. As child's brain are at different stages of maturation, they learn more easily than teenagers and adults. Many Europeans fear their children lose these learning opportunities. Therefore, &lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/spiegelwissen/0,1518,783337,00.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Kumon pre-school visits&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(self-learning/tutor intervenes only when it is necessary), visits have increased. Today, many agree that the first 3 years will mark the future life of a child. According to the psychologist Fabienne Becker-Stoll, experience determines the shape and function of the brain. However, there are opponents who question the increase in tutorial courses for pre-school infants, preferring parent-infant emotional connections, which gives a greater sense of security. It would be better for the child to play and discover things without help from their parents, although these must remain always near the infants. If you have problems we are here to help you. It's good not to watch TV. It is good to set rules for eating, sleeping and others, encouraging the innate curiosity and sense of discovery. Children learn imitating parents which must be forced to be good learning models.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;APRENDIZAJE NEONATAL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Los resultados de la investigación cerebral infantil están induciendo en Japon y Europa importantes cambios educacionales. Aunque los bebes nacen con cientos de miles de neuronas, estas inicialmente tienen pocos puntos de contacto (sinapsis), entre ellas. Poco después las neuronas se interconectan velozmente, formando extensas redes neuronales. A los 2 años el niño posee cientos de billones de sinapsis -tantas como las de un adulto- y a los 3, el doble. Esta sobreproducción de sinapsis, permite a los infantes adaptarse a todo tipo de situaciones estando en posicion de repetir correctamente sonidos de todos los lenguajes. Como solo se aprende lo que se experimenta, con el tiempo ciertas vías neuronales son reforzadas, mientras otras se degradan. Si la experimentación del infante antes de los 3 años es escasa, el potencial para aprender idiomas se pierde, siendo difícil que hable con el acento adecuado si lo aprende después porque la fase critica ya paso.Como diferentes cerebrales del niño están en diferentes estadios de maduración, este tiene mas facilidad que el adolescente y el adulto para aprender. Muchos europeos temen que sus niños pierdan estas oportunidades de aprendizaje. Por ello, las visitas a las escuelas Kumon (autoaprendizaje/tutor interviene solo cuando es necesario), a edad preescolar se han incrementado. Hoy, muchos aceptan que los primeros 3 años marcaran la vida futura de un niño. Según la psicóloga Fabienne Becker-Stoll,la experiencia determina forma del cerebro. No obstante hay opositores que cuestionan el incremento de cursos tutoriales para infantes pre-escolares, prefiriendo conexiones emocionales padre-infante, lo cual da un mayor sentido de seguridad. Seria mejor que el niño juegue y descubra cosas sin ayuda de sus padres, aunque estos debiesen estar siempre cerca de el. Si no puedes estamos aquí para ayudarte. Si no hay amor, los niños lloran desesperadamente, desarrollando en ciertos casos estres de hipersensibilidad. Es bueno no ver TV. Es bueno poner reglas para comer, para dormir y otros y favorecer la curiosidad innata y el sentido de descubrimiento. Los niños aprenden por imitación estando los padres obligados a ser buenos modelos de aprendizaje.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7227475688227398189?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7227475688227398189/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7227475688227398189&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7227475688227398189'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7227475688227398189'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/neonatal-learning.html' title='NEONATAL    LEARNING'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-1042483365729559744</id><published>2011-09-23T12:24:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-23T15:59:15.446-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='THE SEA THAT WAS NOT DEAD'/><title type='text'>THE SEA THAT WAS NOT DEAD</title><content type='html'>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3eD1eLIlGU"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bb-D1mC_iY4/TnzekhRXejI/AAAAAAAAEow/X7hUrmj0Ls0/s1600/northernpart_southernpart.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 138px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5655639951058369074" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bb-D1mC_iY4/TnzekhRXejI/AAAAAAAAEow/X7hUrmj0Ls0/s320/northernpart_southernpart.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Israeli and german scientists (&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mpi-bremen.de/en/Springs_of_Life_in_the_Dead_Sea.html"&gt;Max Planck Institute/Marine Microbiology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;/Bremen), found a variety of microorganisms in the vicinity of fresh water sources close to the Dead Sea, covering large areas of the seabed sediment -a sea- 10 times more hostile and more saltier than the North Sea. Central to the habitat of these disperse bacteria, are certain types of algae. Although little is known about how bacteria survive in extreme conditions or where they get their energy, we know that they belong to &lt;em&gt;Archaea&lt;/em&gt; genus and that some take advantage of the sunlight or sulphur oxidation as an energy source. 1000-10000 microorganisms were detected per/ml/ of sea water (much less than in the ocean). A study of the northern Dead Sea, showed interconnected underground holes and that sea water is different in different places. The sea was relatively unexplored due to the high concentration of salt water that difficulted diving. With better technology now are mapped new sources and new samples are taken from water and sediment.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;EL MAR QUE NO ESTABA MUERTO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cientificos israelíes y del Max Planck Institute (Marine Microbiology/Bremen), han descubierto una variedad de microrganismos en la vecindad de fuentes cercanas a aguas frescas del Mar Muerto, cubriendo extensas áreas sedimentarias del fondo del mar -un mar- 10 veces mas hostil y mas salado que el Mar del Norte. Central al hábitat de estas bacterias dispersas, son cierto tipo de algas. Aunque se conoce poco acerca de cómo sobreviven las bacterias en condiciones extremas o de donde sacan su energía, se sabe que pertenecen al género &lt;em&gt;Archaea&lt;/em&gt; y que algunas aprovechan la luz solar o la oxidación del sulfuro como fuente de energía. Se han detectado 1000-10000 microrganismos p/ml/ de agua de mar (mucho menos que en el océano). Un estudio de la parte norte del Mar Muerto, demostró la presencia de hoyos subterráneos interconectados y que el agua del mar es diferente en diferentes lugares. Este mar era poco explorado a causa de la alta concentración de sal del agua dificultando el buceo. Con mejor tecnología ahora se mapean nuevas fuentes de las que se toman nuevas muestras de agua y sedimentos.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-1042483365729559744?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/1042483365729559744/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=1042483365729559744&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1042483365729559744'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1042483365729559744'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/sea-that-was-not-dead.html' title='THE SEA THAT WAS NOT DEAD'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bb-D1mC_iY4/TnzekhRXejI/AAAAAAAAEow/X7hUrmj0Ls0/s72-c/northernpart_southernpart.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-704352452398868002</id><published>2011-09-20T19:06:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-21T07:27:21.042-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='DOLPHIN-HUMAN  BEINGS  COMMUNICATION'/><title type='text'>DOLPHIN-HUMAN  BEINGS  COMMUNICATION</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="background: whitesmoke; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/20/science/20dolphin.html?_r=1&amp;amp;ref=science"&gt;WATCH&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; VIDEO. NYT&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;"&gt;Denise Herzing, who works with dolphins at The Wild Dolphin Project (Bahamas) and Jupiter (Florida), has spent most of his last 25 years, filming videos of dolphins, looking for food,&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;playing and others, coming to have a growing database that provide a very intimate view on how they teach their children to find food. It is known that dolphins communicate among them using 3 types of sounds: 1) Whistles, to identify each other (like &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;names). 2) Clicks to navigate and find food by echolocation 3) Burst pulses -gross sounds- combination of&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;previous sounds. Researchers believe that there is additional information encoded in these sounds as well as in other ultra-high frequency sounds, inaudible to humans. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="background: whitesmoke; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;"&gt;&lt;span style="background: white;"&gt;&lt;br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="background: whitesmoke; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;"&gt;Herzing will try the next year to broaden this kind of &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;communication with dolphins &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;testing&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;a 2-way&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;system employing underwater computers that can mimic sounds of dolphins, differentiate &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;and recorded them in real time, as dolphins &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;rarely open their mouths. In the new system 2 human divers placed in front of&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;dolphins, make &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;synthesized &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;whistles,&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;passing then from hand to hand scarves or pieces of &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;seaweeds &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;to establish sound-object associations. Dolphins then imitate the sound&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;asking &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;for certain objects &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;to start a game. Until now man-animal communication is only one way. Herzing, hopes to develop a crude vocabulary for objects and actions with this&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;system.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="background: whitesmoke; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: red;"&gt;COMUNICACION&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;ENTRE&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;DELFINES&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Y&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="background-color: lime;"&gt;HUMANOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;"&gt;Denise Herzing,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;que trabaja con delfines en&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;"&gt;The Wild Dolphin Project (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;"&gt;Bahamas) y en&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Jupiter (Florida), &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;"&gt;ha pasado la&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;mayor parte de sus últimos &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;25 años,&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;filmando &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;videos de&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;delfines, buscando comida, realizando cortejos o jugando, llegando a poseer&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;una &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;creciente base de datos que proporcionan vistas &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;muy intimas acerca de &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;como estos &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;enseñan a sus hijos a hallar comida. Se &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sabe&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;que los delfines &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;se comunican mediante &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;3 tipos de sonidos : &lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;1) Silbidos&lt;/b&gt;, para identificarse entre si (como &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;nombres). &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;2) Clicks&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;para navegar y encontrar&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;comida mediante ecolocacion &lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;3) Burst pulses&lt;/b&gt;, sonidos groseros mezcla de los anteriores. Los &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;investigadores creen que existe &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;informacion adicional codificada en estos sonidos al igual&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;que en otros de &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;super-elevada frecuencia, inaudible&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;humanos.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-mvD5x1Yu8iA/TnlGlKvC03I/AAAAAAAAEn0/WnSbJPzGPTc/s1600/110508flipper.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="180" rba="true" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-mvD5x1Yu8iA/TnlGlKvC03I/AAAAAAAAEn0/WnSbJPzGPTc/s320/110508flipper.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;"&gt;Herzing intentará el próximo año ampliar su base de comunicación con los delfines ensayando un sistema &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;2 vias con ayuda de &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;computadoras submarinas capaces de imitar &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sonidos de &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;delfines,&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;diferenciándolos y registrándolos en&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tiempo &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;real,&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;ya que &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;estos &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;raramente abren sus bocas. &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;En el nuevo sistema 2 buzos humanos colocados frente a los&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;delfines, hacen sonar &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;primero&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;silbidos sintetizados, &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pasando luego de mano en mano chalinas o segmentos de algas &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;a fin de establecer &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;asociaciones &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sonido-objeto. Los delfines imitan entonces el&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;sonido para pedir determinados objetos o &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;iniciar algún &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;juego. &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Hasta hoy las comunicaciones hombre- animal son de una sola via. Herzing, espera &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;desarrollar con este sistema un vocabulario crudo para objetos y acciones.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-704352452398868002?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/704352452398868002/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=704352452398868002&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/704352452398868002'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/704352452398868002'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/dolphin-human-beings-communication.html' title='DOLPHIN-HUMAN  BEINGS  COMMUNICATION'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-mvD5x1Yu8iA/TnlGlKvC03I/AAAAAAAAEn0/WnSbJPzGPTc/s72-c/110508flipper.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-2186228171235455072</id><published>2011-09-17T08:39:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-17T08:43:33.494-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='2 SUNS  EXOPLANET'/><title type='text'>2 SUNS  EXOPLANET</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wNA5P9uK02A/TnTAHyyL05I/AAAAAAAAEnM/9oYviWYbSC4/s1600/planet-graphic-articleInline.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 123px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 320px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5653354672380695442" border="0" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wNA5P9uK02A/TnTAHyyL05I/AAAAAAAAEnM/9oYviWYbSC4/s320/planet-graphic-articleInline.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Thanks to the kindness of a telescope with giant wide-angle camera mounted on Kepler spacecraft (launched in 2009 to the space to identify exoplanets), was successfully achieved certain measurable characteristics of binary (unique center of gravity), star systems, allowing researchers to take accurate measurements of distant planets. The identified planet (Kepler 16b) is simultaneously orbiting two smaller suns than our sun. A circumbinary planet orbiting a binary system (planet passing in front of 2 suns). Astronomers suspected the existence of this system noting more eclipses than expected for systems such : a sun-a planet.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;EXOPLANETA CON 2 SOLES &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Merced a las bondades de un telescopio con cámara de ángulo amplio y gigante montado sobre la nave espacial Kepler (lanzada el 2009, al espacio para identificar exoplanetas), se logró estudiar in extenso las caracteristicas mensurables de ciertos sistemas de estrellas binarias (centros de masas o gravedad, únicos), permitiendo tomar medidas exactas de planetas distantes. Al identificarse al planeta (Kepler 16b), orbitando simultáneamente 2 soles, se identificaron asimismo 2 estrellas mas pequeñas que nuestro sol. Un planeta circumbinario orbitando un sistema binario (planeta que pasa delante de 2 soles). Los astrónomos sospecharon la existencia de este sistema al notar mas eclipses de lo esperado para sistemas : un sol-un planeta. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-2186228171235455072?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/2186228171235455072/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=2186228171235455072&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2186228171235455072'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2186228171235455072'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/2-suns-exoplanet.html' title='2 SUNS  EXOPLANET'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wNA5P9uK02A/TnTAHyyL05I/AAAAAAAAEnM/9oYviWYbSC4/s72-c/planet-graphic-articleInline.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7754365271751850320</id><published>2011-09-15T07:22:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-15T08:59:43.699-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='UP TO  DATE'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NATURISTIC  MEDICINE'/><title type='text'>UP TO  DATE,  NATURISTIC  MEDICINE</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-aM13AaBkHI4/TnIg0Z1kkYI/AAAAAAAAEm0/dt63Exbo4FY/s1600/untitled.bmp"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 240px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 185px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5652616566964261250" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-aM13AaBkHI4/TnIg0Z1kkYI/AAAAAAAAEm0/dt63Exbo4FY/s320/untitled.bmp" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;As you know our medical option is a natural medicine understood as one that maximizes the &lt;em&gt;drug output produced by our own body&lt;/em&gt;. In this context, using &lt;a href="http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/3/95/95ra73.short"&gt;millions of T cells genetically modified &lt;/a&gt;to effectively combat various types of cancer, is the closest to our way of thinking. At the University of Pennsylvania were successfully treated 3 patients with &lt;strong&gt;advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia&lt;/strong&gt; with T cells genetically reprogrammed. 2 patients are in complete remission (absence of neoplastic cells in blood and bone marrow), while the remaining one achieved a partial remission. To patients who achieved complete remission were removed thousands of T cells as they circulated through a blood component separator machine, reprogramming them with genes that allow identification of CD19 surface antigen, destroying B cells that carried it. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;An alternate method to this, is to use disabled forms of HIV virus -1 to carry genes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;that will train our immune system &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1103849"&gt;to kill cancer cells&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. AIDS virus is used because it has evolved to invade T cells. To this end, Dr. &lt;a href="http://www.stopovariancancer.com/carl_june.shtml"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Carl June&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(Abramson Cancer Center/University of Pennsylvania), extracted T cells of patients inducing them to multiply (up to one billion T cells), with small magnetic nanobeads. Thereafter, always remained a memory cell population able to proliferate as needed. Reprogrammed T cells produce antigenic chimeric receptors in cells, transforming them in &lt;em&gt;serial killers&lt;/em&gt;. All patients received chemotherapy to deplete any remaining native T cells that could prevent the growth of reprogrammed T cells. To compensate for the lack of native T and B cells, the patient received monthly infusions of immune globulin IV. Not everything is rosy, in similar studies, some patients have died apparently from sepsis, lupus-like diseases, high fevers and chills attributable to cytokine release. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;MEDICINA NATURISTA MODERNA&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Como sabrán nuestra opción médica es una &lt;em&gt;medicina naturalista&lt;/em&gt; entendida como aquella que maximiza los productos elaborados por nuestro propio cuerpo humano. En este contexto emplear billones de células T, modificadas genéticamente para combatir eficazmente distintos tipos de cáncer, es lo más cercano a nuestro modo de pensar. En la Universidad de Pennsylvania acaban de tratarse (exitosamente), 3 pacientes con &lt;strong&gt;leucemia linfocitica crónica avanzada&lt;/strong&gt;, con células T reprogramadas genéticamente. 2 pacientes están en &lt;em&gt;remisión completa&lt;/em&gt; (ausencia de células neoplásicas en sangre y en médula ósea), mientras el restante solo logró una remisión parcial. A los pacientes que lograron remisión completa les removieron miles de células T a medida que circulaban por una máquina separadora de componentes sanguíneos, reprogramándolas con genes que permitían identificar al antígeno de superficie CD19, destruyendo a las células B que las portaban.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Una modalidad alterna a lo anterior es emplear formas atenuadas del virus H.I.V. -1 para transportar genes que entrenan a nuestro sistema inmune a &lt;em&gt;matar células&lt;/em&gt; cancerosas. Se emplea el virus AIDS atenuado porque este ha evolucionado para invadir las células T. A este fin, el Dr Carl June (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a title="A news release from the university, with an embedded video of the researchers." href="http://health.upenn.edu/news/News_Releases/2011/08/t-cells/"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Abramson Cancer Center/University of Pennsylvania&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;), obtuvo células T de los pacientes induciéndolas a multiplicarse (hasta 1 billón de células T), mediante forzamientos con pequeñas nanobolillas magnéticas. Tras emplearlas quedaba siempre una población de células memoria, capaz de proliferar según necesidad. Las células T reprogramadas producen receptores quiméricos antigénicos que transforman las células en &lt;em&gt;asesinos en serie&lt;/em&gt;. Todos los pacientes recibieron quimioterapia para depletar cualquier remanente de células T nativas que pudiera impedir el crecimiento de células T reprogramadas. Para suplir la falta de células T y B nativas, el paciente recibe infusiones mensuales de globulina inmune IV. No todo es color de rosa. En estudios similares, algunos pacientes murieron aparentemente por sepsis, cuadros semejantes a Lupus y fiebres altas y escalofríos atribuibles a liberación de citoquinas. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7754365271751850320?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7754365271751850320/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7754365271751850320&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7754365271751850320'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7754365271751850320'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/up-to-date-naturistic-medicine.html' title='UP TO  DATE,  NATURISTIC  MEDICINE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-aM13AaBkHI4/TnIg0Z1kkYI/AAAAAAAAEm0/dt63Exbo4FY/s72-c/untitled.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-3909924298512920609</id><published>2011-09-13T03:13:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-13T03:22:39.241-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='FRENCH   NUCLEAR   POWER'/><title type='text'>FRENCH   NUCLEAR   POWER</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8Eh5WNYQ48M/Tm8uz2lFC2I/AAAAAAAAEmE/Xv4UKt1rvRc/s1600/ladepeche-centrales_nucleaires-fancaise.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 318px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5651787525732502370" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8Eh5WNYQ48M/Tm8uz2lFC2I/AAAAAAAAEmE/Xv4UKt1rvRc/s320/ladepeche-centrales_nucleaires-fancaise.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Why France is the second in the world in using nuclear energy to generate electricity?. Many French argue that as they do not have coal, oil or natural gas it is the only option. In France 86% of power generated is produced by nuclear plants. France has 19 nuclear power plants and 58 reactors. &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/technik/0,1518,785870,00.html"&gt;Every 300 km there is a nuclear plant&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Despite the accident in Fukushima, in France nuclear power stations are located within 1 km of human homes. Unlike Fukushima, France reactors operate –for safety- at double circuit. While the first circuit is in direct contact with more than 300 degrees, the second generates enough steam to run turbines that generate electricity. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;As for other countries nuclear power is an industry, for the French is a matter of national issue. French continually quantify radioactive pollution of water and air. French energy is cheaper than in other countries and less aggressive to the environment. Recently, French are developing the third generation of nuclear energy: by fusion (3 times more power, safer, less radioactive waste). France believes that facing the growing global demand for electricity, the depletion of oil reserves and global warming, nuclear energy is the solution. French nuclear policy sinks roots in its historic policy of national defense. 5 of its nuclear power plants are linked to production of nuclear bombs. A tiny fraction of French oppose the nuclear policy for security and protection of the environment. Chernobyl killed 41 people and large tracts of land remain disabled for the next centuries.Other reasons are the potential use of nuclear energy for military and terrorist purposes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;ENERGIA NUCLEAR FRANCESA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;¿Porque Francia ocupa el segundo lugar en el mundo, en emplear energía nuclear para generar electricidad?. Muchos franceses arguyen que al no tener carbon, petroñeo ni gas natural, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;es la única opcion. En Francia el 86% de la energía generada, es producida por centrales nucleares. Francia tiene 19 centrales nucleares y 58 reactores. Cada 300 km existe una central nuclear. A pesar del accidente de Fukushima, en Francia las centrales nucleares se ubican a menos de 1 km de las viviendas humanas. A diferencia de Fukushima, en Francia los reactores funcionan a doble circuito, por seguridad. Mientras el primer circuito cerrado contacta directamente con el reactor a más de 300 grados, el segundo genera vapor suficiente para el funcionamiento de las turbinas generadoras de electricidad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Mientras para otros países la energia nuclear es una industria, para los franceses es un asunto de identidad nacional. Los franceses cuantifican continuamente la polucion radioactiva del agua y aire. La energía francesa es más económica que en otros países y menos agresiva para el medio ambiente.Ultimamente en Francia se investiga y desarrolla la tercera generación de energía nuclear : por fusión (3 veces mas energía eléctrica, mas segura, menos basura radioactiva). Francia cree que ante las crecientes demandas de electricidad mundial, el agotamiento de las reservas petroliferas y el calentamiento global, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;la energía nuclear es la solución. Empero, la politica nuclear francesa hunde raices en historicas politicas de defensa nacional. 5 de sus centrales nucleares están ligadas a la produccion de bombas nucleares. Una minúscula fracción de franceses se opone a esta política por razones de seguridad y protección del medio ambiente. En Chernobil, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;murieron 41 personas y se inutilizaron grandes extensiones de terreno para los próximos siglos. Lo otro gira en relación al potencial uso de la energía nuclear con fines militares y terroristas.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-3909924298512920609?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/3909924298512920609/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=3909924298512920609&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3909924298512920609'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3909924298512920609'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/french-nuclear-power.html' title='FRENCH   NUCLEAR   POWER'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8Eh5WNYQ48M/Tm8uz2lFC2I/AAAAAAAAEmE/Xv4UKt1rvRc/s72-c/ladepeche-centrales_nucleaires-fancaise.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-4893923805290941779</id><published>2011-09-11T03:37:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-11T03:57:03.259-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOVEL   PSYCHIATRIC  RESEARCH'/><title type='text'>NOVEL   PSYCHIATRIC   RESEARCH</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xLz71K84Fk0/TmyT4PG2TKI/AAAAAAAAElg/D_H6FbyrXoA/s1600/Division4Images.png"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 162px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 320px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5651054226780343458" border="0" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xLz71K84Fk0/TmyT4PG2TKI/AAAAAAAAElg/D_H6FbyrXoA/s320/Division4Images.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Daniel Weinberger Lieber current director of &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.libd.org/"&gt;Lieber Institute for Brain Development &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(Baltimore/Maryland, which will started operations on 8/September/2011), claims to have an initial $ 125 million for innovative research in certain psychiatric disorders. The goals of the Institute are: &lt;strong&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110906/full/477146a.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Reorient basic research of schizophrenia, autism and bipolar disorders&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;that sink roots in abnormal brain development. While currently the predominant therapy of these disorders arecentered around the neurotransmitter dopamine, it also remains true that not all patients improve and are not modified the cognitive defects. &lt;strong&gt;II&lt;/strong&gt;) Extend brain genetic research, with emphasis on certain risk genes, including those involved in dopamine pathways, which affect the function and development of brain circuits. Researchers try to monitor the expression of certain risk genes in different stages of human development, starting from fetal stage. The goal is not to annul certain functional genes, but to model the entire molecular pathology. &lt;strong&gt;III)&lt;/strong&gt; Expand databases of brain dysfunctional circuits using neuroimaging in living and dead people. &lt;strong&gt;IV)&lt;/strong&gt; Use stem cell therapies &lt;strong&gt;V)&lt;/strong&gt; Perform teamwork with computer scientists, cell biologists, clinical psychiatrists etc. &lt;strong&gt;VI&lt;/strong&gt;) Develop a quest for new drugs. &lt;strong&gt;VII&lt;/strong&gt;) Expand the collection of post mortem brains of people with psychiatric disorders. The Lieber Institute currently has libraries of genes and biological data from more than 3,000 patients with schizophrenia and healthy relatives. &lt;strong&gt;VIII)&lt;/strong&gt; Perform collaborative work with different industries and academic institutes of U.S. and other countries. It is expected to study new psychiatric populations in collaboration with the University of Bari (Italy) and Peking University, to learn how certain risk genes contribute to the development risk of psychiatric illness and try to predict who will respond to existing antipsychotic drugs. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;NOVEDOSAS INVESTIGACIONES PSIQUIATRICAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Daniel Weinberger actual director del Lieber Institute for Brain Development (Baltimore/Maryland, que empezara a funcionar el 8 de Setiembre/2011), asegura contar con 125 millones de dólares iniciales para realizar novedosas investigaciones en ciertos desordenes psiquiatricos. Las metas del Instituto son :I) Reorientar la investigación básica de la esquizofrenia, autismo y desordenes bipolares que hunden raices en desarrollos cerebrales anormales. Mientras en la actualidad, la terapia predominante de estos desordenes tiene como eje central al neurotrasmisor dopamina, no deja de ser cierto que esta no mejora a todos los pacientes y no modifica los defectos cognitivos. II) Ampliar la investigación genética cerebral, enfatizando en ciertos genes de riesgo, incluyendo los implicados en vías de la dopamina, que afectan la función y desarrollo de circuitos cerebrales. Se intentara monitorizar la expresión de genes de riesgo en diferentes fases del desarrollo humano, empezando por la etapa fetal. El objetivo no es anular funcionalmente determinados genes, sino modelar la totalidad de la patologia molecular. III) Ampliar las bases de datos de circuitos disfuncionales empleando la neuroimagenologia en cerebros vivos y muertos. IV) Emplear terapias con células madre V) Integrar a cientificos computacionales, biólogos celulares, psiquiatras clínicos etc, en diversos trabajos. VI) Desarrollar un programa de gesta de nuevos medicamentos. VII) Ampliar la coleccion de cerebros post mortem de gente con desordenes psquiatricos. Actualmente el Instituto Lieber cuenta con bibliotecas de datos biológicos y de genes de mas de 3,000 pacientes con esquizofrenia y de sus familares sanos. VIII) Realizar trabajos colaborativos con diferentes industrias e institutos academicos de USA y otros países. Se espera estudiar poblaciones de pacientes psiquiátricos en colaboración con la Universidad de Bari (Italia) y la Universidad de Pekin, para aprender como ciertos genes de riesgo contribuyen al desarrollo de enfermedades psiquiátricas e intentar predecir quienes responderan a las drogas antipiscoticas existentes.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-4893923805290941779?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/4893923805290941779/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=4893923805290941779&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4893923805290941779'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4893923805290941779'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/novel-psychiatric-research.html' title='NOVEL   PSYCHIATRIC   RESEARCH'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xLz71K84Fk0/TmyT4PG2TKI/AAAAAAAAElg/D_H6FbyrXoA/s72-c/Division4Images.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-5183444343753256859</id><published>2011-09-09T14:14:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-09T14:28:07.187-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PALEOANTHOPOLOGY: NEW  LINK  MISSING'/><title type='text'>PALEOANTHOPOLOGY: NEW  LINK  MISSING</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rVKDcMoUidA/TmqEwpGCs-I/AAAAAAAAElM/KaF0a1fU7tc/s1600/cover-enclosure.gif"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 114px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 145px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5650474653689492450" border="0" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rVKDcMoUidA/TmqEwpGCs-I/AAAAAAAAElM/KaF0a1fU7tc/s320/cover-enclosure.gif" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/09/science/09fossils.html?_r=1&amp;amp;ref=science"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;The paleoanthropologist Lee Berger&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(University Witwatersrand/Johannesburg), discovered accidentally in a cave of South Africa (&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/333/6048/1421"&gt;2008/Malapa site&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), the new species &lt;em&gt;Australopithecus sediba,&lt;/em&gt; possible ancestor of modern and archaic humans, important finding because it will give light on how evolution shaped and formed humans beings. New fossils emphasize the richness and complexity of the evolution of &lt;em&gt;Australopithecus,&lt;/em&gt; helping to unravel the essence of the genus &lt;em&gt;Homo.&lt;/em&gt; In 5 articles published in the latest issue of &lt;em&gt;Science,&lt;/em&gt; Berger describes and analyzes the significance of the features of the new fossil bones (1.977 million years ago), recorded by uranium decay in the rock containing the fossils. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Striking about the findings are the new bone combinations : ape-like, human-like in hands, feet and pelvis. The ape-like hand shows long, strong fingers suitable for climbing trees. The availability of long thumbs could also permit hold tools accurately. The parts of the hand evolved as separate modules (&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/333/6048/1411"&gt;mosaic evolution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;),but showing new combinations never seen before. A cast of inside the skull was monkey-like brain, however it showed an initial step towards addressing human standards: a new species transitional between australopithecines and humans. Critics argue that this species would have had little time to build big brains like those of Homo erectus. &lt;em&gt;Australopithecus sediba,&lt;/em&gt; could be an ancestor of Homo erectus (1.9 million years), widely accepted species as a human ancestor. Anyway, findings demonstrates the evolutionary complexity that makes difficult to unite different fossils in evolutionary sequences, making also difficult to determine what specie originated human species. According to Ian Tattersall there was a sudden jump from australopithecines to human beings induced by few critical changes. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;NUEVO ESLABON PERDIDO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;El paleoantropólogo Lee Berger (University Witwatersrand/Johannesburg), dsescubrió accidentalmente en una cueva de SudAfrica (2008), la nueva especie: &lt;em&gt;Australopithecus sediba&lt;/em&gt;, posible antecesor de humanos arcaicos y modernos, hallazgo importante porque dará luces acerca de como la evolución moldeó y formó al ser humano. Los nuevos fósiles enfatizan la riqueza y complejidad de la evolución entre australopitecus, contribuyendo a desentrañar la esencia del género &lt;em&gt;Homo&lt;/em&gt;. En 5 articulos publicados en el último número de &lt;em&gt;Science,&lt;/em&gt; Berger describe y analiza el significado de las características de los nuevos huesos fósiles (antigüedad de 1.977 millones de años), registrados mediante decaimiento de uranio en la roca que contenía los fósiles. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Lo llamativo de los hallazgos eran las nuevas combinaciones óseas : semejante a mono -semejante a humano- en manos, pies y pelvis. La mano semejante a mono exhibe dedos largos y fuertes adecuados para trepar arboles. Al disponer de largos pulgares era posible también sostener herramientas en forma precisa. Las partes de la mano evolucionaron en forma de módulos (&lt;em&gt;evolución en mosaico&lt;/em&gt;), separados aunque mostrando combinaciones nuevas, nunca vistas antes. Un molde interior del cráneo semejante al cerebro de un mono, mostraba empero un direccionamiento inicial hacia cánones humanos : una nueva especie transicional entre australopitecinos y humanos. Los críticos arguyen que esta especie habría tenido poco tiempo para generar cerebros grandes semejantes a los de &lt;em&gt;Homo erectus&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Australopithecus sediba&lt;/em&gt; podría ser un antecesor del &lt;em&gt;Homo erectus&lt;/em&gt; (1,9 millones de años), especie ampliamente aceptada como ancestro humano. En todo caso, un hallazgo que demuestra la complejidad evolutiva que hace difícil unir diferentes fósiles en secuencias evolutivas, siendo difícil determinar que especie originó a los humanos. Segun Tattersall el salto de australopitecinos fué súbito inducido por escasos cambios criticos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-5183444343753256859?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/5183444343753256859/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=5183444343753256859&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5183444343753256859'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5183444343753256859'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/paleoanthopology-new-link-missing.html' title='PALEOANTHOPOLOGY: NEW  LINK  MISSING'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rVKDcMoUidA/TmqEwpGCs-I/AAAAAAAAElM/KaF0a1fU7tc/s72-c/cover-enclosure.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-3057343066407456812</id><published>2011-09-07T21:55:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-07T22:00:29.098-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='BRAIN DISEASES IN EUROPA'/><title type='text'>BRAIN DISEASES IN EUROPA</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iImkx0xHosE/TmhL0VPGuyI/AAAAAAAAEkY/lFM5IcNoOtQ/s1600/images.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 134px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 91px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5649849094962068258" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iImkx0xHosE/TmhL0VPGuyI/AAAAAAAAEkY/lFM5IcNoOtQ/s320/images.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;According to estimates of H.U. Wittchen and colleagues (&lt;em&gt;Eur.Neuropsychopharmacol&lt;/em&gt;.21, 655-679, 2011), 165 million people (38%) of the total population of 30 European countries have a fully developed mental illness. The notorious in this study is the &lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v477/n7363/full/477132a.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;disparity between the enormous burden caused by neurological and mental&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;human brain diseases and the limited resources available to study, understand and treat them. In despite to diseases that cause early deaths, mental illneses cause chronic diseases. According to the study more men than women develop alcohol disorders in Eastern Europe, while more women suffer from dementia and unipolar depression. Depression in women rises especially during childbirth. Estimates for major depression in 30 European countries is 30 million people. It is estimated that only 1 of 2 mentally affected people receive professional care and that only 10% receive adequate treatment although quite retarded. European research related to brain diseases receive less funds than cancer, information technology or agriculture research. Europe must not only investigate brain diseases prevalent in the elderly such as Alzheimer's, but also the brains of healthy and sick young people. Many mental disorders are generated in the first two decades of life. Our knowledge of healthy adolescent brain is still in rudimentary stage, being importing to understand how the mind circuits are developed in the young.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;ENFERMEDADES CEREBRALES EN EUROPA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Segun estimados de H.U.Wittchen y colaboradores (&lt;em&gt;Eur.Neuropsychopharmacol&lt;/em&gt;.21,655-679:2011), 165 millones de personas (38%), de la poblacion total de 30 paises europeos padece de una enfermedad mental completamente desarrollada. Lo notorio en este estudio es la disparidad entre los enormes problemas causados por las afecciones neurológicas y mentales del cerebro humano y los escasos recursos disponibles para estudiarlos, comprenderlos y tratarlos. No son enfermedades que causen muertes tempranas, mas bien ocasionan enfermedades crónicas. Según el estudio mas hombres que mujeres desarrollan desordenes por alcohol en la Europa del este, mientras mas mujeres padecen de demencia y depresion unipolar. La depresion en mujeres se eleva especialmente durante el parto. Los estimados para depresion mayor en 30 paises europeos es 30 millones de personas. Se calcula que solo 1 de 2 personas recibe atencion profesional mental y que solo el 10% recibe tratamiento adecuado aunque bastante retardado. La investigación europea relacionada con enfermedades cerebrales recibe menos fondos que la investigación en cáncer, tecnología de información, agricultura,etc. Europa debe investigar no solo enfermedades cerebrales prevalentes en adultos mayores como el Alzheimer, sino también los cerebros de la población joven sana y enferma. Muchos desordenes mentales se generan en las primeras dos decadas de la vida. Nuestro conocimiento del cerebro adolescente saludable esta aun en estado rudimentario, importando comprender como se desarrollan los circuitos mentales en los jovenes. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-3057343066407456812?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/3057343066407456812/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=3057343066407456812&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3057343066407456812'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/3057343066407456812'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/brain-diseases-in-europa.html' title='BRAIN DISEASES IN EUROPA'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iImkx0xHosE/TmhL0VPGuyI/AAAAAAAAEkY/lFM5IcNoOtQ/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7466481294428879111</id><published>2011-09-06T16:18:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-06T16:34:10.440-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NEW   VACCINE   AGAINST   TUBERCULOSIS'/><title type='text'>NEW   VACCINE   AGAINST   TUBERCULOSIS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JAkZvZzU9AQ/Tmat1kDMcdI/AAAAAAAAEkI/fcsYMIeUcKo/s1600/images.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 98px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 111px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5649393918304612818" border="0" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JAkZvZzU9AQ/Tmat1kDMcdI/AAAAAAAAEkI/fcsYMIeUcKo/s320/images.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/jacobs_bio.html"&gt;William Jacobs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (Albert Einstein College of Medicine/New York) and colleagues have created a recombinant &lt;em&gt;Mycobacterium smegmatis&lt;/em&gt;, able to induce a potent inmunity bactericidal action against &lt;em&gt;Mycobacterium tuberculosis.&lt;/em&gt; For this achievement the researchers identified a &lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/nm.2420.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;preserved evolutionary set of genes&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(&lt;em&gt;region esx-3&lt;/em&gt;), which allows mycobacteria to evade the immune system and survive. While TB infection is lethal in species of &lt;em&gt;Mycobacterium smegmatis&lt;/em&gt; with intact locus esx-3, infection with &lt;em&gt;M. Δesx smegmatis-3 with mutant genes&lt;/em&gt; (IKE strain), was controlled and cleared by bactericidal immune responses MyD88-dependent. With the new vaccine was for the first time achieved a complete elimination of the pathogen in different tissues of infected mice as well as long-term protection and bactericide immunity. Until recently the vaccine used against TB was the &lt;em&gt;Bacille Calmette-Guerin&lt;/em&gt; (BCG), which offered only a 50 - 80% protection and many side effects. In the new vaccine, immunity is provided by memory CD4 + helper cells and changes in patterns of cytokine responses induced by CD4 + cells. The IKE strain is a powerful candidate to induce protective immunity against M. tuberculosis. On the other hand, purified cells given to others animals also immunized them. Vaccine is expected to be useful against resistant pathogens and people difficult to treat (immunocompromised AIDS + Tuberculosis).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;NUEVA VACUNA CONTRA LA TUBERCULOSIS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;William Jacobs (Albert Einstein College of Medicine/New York) y colaboradores han creado un &lt;em&gt;Mycobacterium smegmatis&lt;/em&gt; recombinante, capáz de inducir potente inmunidad bactericida contra &lt;em&gt;Mycobacterium tuberculosis.&lt;/em&gt; Para tal logro identificaron un set de genes preservados evolutivamente (&lt;em&gt;región esx-3&lt;/em&gt;), que permite a las micobacterias evadir al sistema inmune y sobrevivir. Mientras la infección tuberculosa es letal en especies de &lt;em&gt;Mycobacterium smegmatis&lt;/em&gt; con locus intactos de esx-3, la infección con &lt;em&gt;M. smegmatis Δesx-3 con genes mutantes&lt;/em&gt; (IKE strain), fue controlada y eliminada por respuestas inmunes bactericidas MyD88-dependientes. Con la nueva vacuna se logró por primera vez la eliminación completa del patógeno en distintos tejidos infectados de ratones, además de larga protección e inmunidad bactericida. Hasta hace poco la vacuna empleada contra la TBC era el &lt;em&gt;Bacille Calmette-Guerin&lt;/em&gt; (BCG) que apenas ofrecía un 50- 80 % de protección y muchos efectos colaterales. Con la nueva vacuna, la inmunidad es proporcionada por células ayudadoras CD4+ memoria y cambios en los patrones de respuestas de citoquinas inducidas por células CD4+. La cepa IKE, es un poderoso candidato para inducir inmunidad protectora contra M. tuberculosis. De otro lado, células purificadas administradas a animales no protegidos también se inmunizan. Se espera que la vacuna sea útil contra patógenos resistentes o difíciles de tratar (inmunocomprometidos con SIDA + Tuberculosis).&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7466481294428879111?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7466481294428879111/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7466481294428879111&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7466481294428879111'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7466481294428879111'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/new-vaccine-against-tuberculosis.html' title='NEW   VACCINE   AGAINST   TUBERCULOSIS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JAkZvZzU9AQ/Tmat1kDMcdI/AAAAAAAAEkI/fcsYMIeUcKo/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-4612342601705301873</id><published>2011-09-04T03:04:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-04T03:10:01.542-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='ENDURANCE EXERCISE AND IMPROVED HEMATOPOIESIS.'/><title type='text'>ENDURANCE EXERCISE AND IMPROVED HEMATOPOIESIS.</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wxySlAnywbM/TmNOWjVHvzI/AAAAAAAAEjE/ynvnYvjM8Wo/s1600/treadmill.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 116px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 76px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5648444507000651570" border="0" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wxySlAnywbM/TmNOWjVHvzI/AAAAAAAAEjE/ynvnYvjM8Wo/s320/treadmill.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;In &lt;a href="http://www.fasebj.org/content/early/2011/08/24/fj.11-189043.abstract"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;the latest issue of &lt;em&gt;FASEB&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology),&lt;/em&gt; JM Baker et al (McMaster University / Canada), shows a study performed in 4 weeks old mice, that relates endurance exercise with formation of more red blood cells (50 to 800%) in the circulation and bone marrow, decreased bone marrow fat (78%) and increased (60%) hematopoietic cytokine production in skeletal muscle from mesenchymal stem cells, improving oxygen transport, blood clotting, wound healing and immune function. Mice forced rotation of a treadmill at increasing speeds for 1 hour, 3 times a week for 2 1/2 months.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;HEMATOPOIESIS y EJERCICIO INTENSO&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;En el ultimo numero de &lt;em&gt;FASEB (Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology),&lt;/em&gt; JM Baker y colaboradores (MacMaster University/Canada), muestran un estudio realizado en ratones de 4 semanas de edad, que relaciona el ejercicio intenso con la formación de mas globulos rojos (50 a 800%), en la circulación y medula osea, disminucion (78%), de grasa en medula osea e incremento (60%), de producción de citoquinas hematopoyéticas en musculos esqueléticos, a partir de celulas madre mesenquimales, mejorando de este modo, la capacidad de transporte del oxigeno, la coagulación sanguínea, la cicatrización de heridas y la función inmune. Los ratones forzaron la rotacion de un molinillo a velocidades crecientes durante 1 hora, 3 veces por semana, durante 2 1/2 meses&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-4612342601705301873?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/4612342601705301873/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=4612342601705301873&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4612342601705301873'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4612342601705301873'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/endurance-exercise-and-improved.html' title='ENDURANCE EXERCISE AND IMPROVED HEMATOPOIESIS.'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wxySlAnywbM/TmNOWjVHvzI/AAAAAAAAEjE/ynvnYvjM8Wo/s72-c/treadmill.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-8165846606077295994</id><published>2011-09-01T18:14:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-01T18:21:37.217-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Inorganic life'/><title type='text'>INORGANIC  LIFE</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-lFDeFzCnwE8/TmAvLJSDXtI/AAAAAAAAEig/K2-CutRWa7M/s1600/test.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 160px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5647565801239305938" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-lFDeFzCnwE8/TmAvLJSDXtI/AAAAAAAAEig/K2-CutRWa7M/s320/test.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;According to &lt;a href="http://www.gla.ac.uk/colleges/scienceengineering/newsandevents/headline_207732_en.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Lee Cronin&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(Chemistry/University of Glasgow), on Earth, there would be non biological life forms (&lt;em&gt;inorganic, synthetic biology&lt;/em&gt;), which have not progressed much due to organic chemistry works very good here. Organic biology took all available resources creating extremely efficient and complex living systems. Cronin believes that inorganic biology evolves in certain parts of the universe being interconnected by evolution a general property of all matter in the universe, being possible the existence of alien life forms, &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/aug/28/aliens-iron-evolution-lee-cronin"&gt;consisting of iron, silica etc.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; For now, Cronin build complex functional molecular architectures based on non-biological organic blocks. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cronin believes that matter is constantly evolving because biological life forms are made from inorganic matter. If we evolve inorganic matter we will develop new materials, new systems and finally we will understand how life emerged on our planet. Cronin is creating inorganic cells (that encapsulate complex chemical reactions) that self-replicate and evolve. Also, constructs that break down in an acid medium, are changed to warmer environments filled with saline or other, preventing its destruction and promoting their survival. Waterproof sunscreen that begin to degrade change color, signal for reconditioning it. Cronin try to understand how evolution builds complex systems, hoping to predict later when the next HN1 virus will emerge.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;VIDA INORGANICA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Según Lee Cronin (Quimica/University of Glasgow), en la Tierra, existirian formas de vida no biologicas (&lt;em&gt;biologia inorganica/sintetica&lt;/em&gt;), que no han progresado mucho a causa de que la quimica organica trabaja excelentemente aquí. La biologia organica tomo todos los recursos disponibles creando sistemas vivos extremadamente complejos y eficientes. Cronin opina que la biologia inorganica evoluciona en ciertos lugares del universo estando interconectada a modo de un gran ser vivo -mediante la evolucion- propiedad general de toda la materia en el universo, siendo posible la existencia de formas vivas alienigenas, constituidas por hierro, silice,etc. De momento, Cronin construye arquitecturas moleculares funcionales complejas no basadas en bloques biologícos organicos. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cronin piensa que la materia evoluciona porque las formas vivas biológicas están hechas de materia inorgánica. Si hacemos evolucionar materia inorgánica descubriremos nuevos materiales, nuevos sistemas y finalmente entenderemos como emergió la vida en nuestro planeta. Cronin construye celulas inorganicas (que encapsulan reacciones quimicas complejas), que se autoreplican y evolucionan. Asimismo, constructos que se descomponen en medios acidos, son cambiados a ambientes mas calientes o a otros repletos de sal, evitando su destrucción y promoviendo su supervivencia. Pantallas antisolares resistentes al agua que al empezar a degradarse cambian de color, señal para reacondicionarlos. Cronin trata de entender como la evolucion construye sistemas complejos, con la esperanza de predecir mas adelante cuando emergera el siguiente virus HN1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-8165846606077295994?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/8165846606077295994/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=8165846606077295994&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8165846606077295994'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8165846606077295994'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/09/inorganic-life.html' title='INORGANIC  LIFE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-lFDeFzCnwE8/TmAvLJSDXtI/AAAAAAAAEig/K2-CutRWa7M/s72-c/test.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-5523837305633774879</id><published>2011-08-31T22:05:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-31T22:12:15.060-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='RESISTANCE  AGAINST  ANTIQUE   GERMS'/><title type='text'>RESISTANCE  AGAINST  ANTIQUE   GERMS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-youK56_MFD0/Tl8UHIOWrmI/AAAAAAAAEiI/zwog27sL68E/s1600/220px-Antibiotic_resistance_svg.png"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 174px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 320px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5647254570445221474" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-youK56_MFD0/Tl8UHIOWrmI/AAAAAAAAEiI/zwog27sL68E/s320/220px-Antibiotic_resistance_svg.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Analysis of soil samples from 30 000 years old showed bacterial resistance to various antibiotics. Substances derived from antibiotics occur normally in nature generating resistance against them because they perhaps represented a selective advantage for certain organisms. &lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature10388.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Gerard Wright&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(McMaster University/Hamilton, Canada), published in &lt;em&gt;Nature,&lt;/em&gt; an article in which he performed metagenomic analysis of ancient DNA coming from Beringia permafrost sediments identifying collections of genes that confer resistance to b-lactam antibiotics, tetracyclines and others.Reality is that antibiotic resistance is part of the ecosystem and that many dangerous pathogens are not eliminated with antibiotics, being more advisable to live with them improving our immune system. At present, multiresistance to antibiotics is incubated in hospitals, being favored by global spread of antibiotic that induce easy bacterial genetic exchange, givers of resistance. Wright also showed the presence of antique functional genes that generate enzymes that confer resistance to certain current antibiotics.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;RESISTENCIA a ANTIBIOTICOS&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Analisis de muestras de tierra de 30 000 años de antiguedad demostraron resistencia a diversos antibióticos desde estas épocas. Sustancias derivadas de antibioticos ocurren normalmente en la naturaleza generándose resistencia contra ellos por representar una ventaja selectiva para ciertos organismos. Gerard Wright (McMaster University/Hamilton-Canada), ha publicado en &lt;em&gt;Nature&lt;/em&gt;, un articulo al respecto en el que pesquisa analisis metagenomicos de DNA antiguo procedente de sedimentos de permafrosts beringios identificando colecciones de genes que conferian resistencia a antibioticos b-lactamicos, tetraciclinas y otros. Lo real es que la resistencia a antibióticos es parte del ecosistema y que muchos patógenos peligrosos no serán eliminados con antibióticos, siendo mas recomendable convivir con ellos mejorando nuestro sistema inmune. En la actualidad la multiresistencia a antibióticos se incuba en hospitales, siendo favorecida por la diseminación global de antibióticos inductores de fáciles intercambios geneticos bacterianos, dadores de resistencia. Wright demostró además la presencia de genes funcionales antiquísimos capaces de generar enzimas que conferían resistencia frente a ciertos antibioticos actuales&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-5523837305633774879?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/5523837305633774879/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=5523837305633774879&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5523837305633774879'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5523837305633774879'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/resistance-against-antique-germs.html' title='RESISTANCE  AGAINST  ANTIQUE   GERMS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-youK56_MFD0/Tl8UHIOWrmI/AAAAAAAAEiI/zwog27sL68E/s72-c/220px-Antibiotic_resistance_svg.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-5940901448250444596</id><published>2011-08-31T19:42:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-01T04:19:40.082-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='KARDEXMATIC'/><title type='text'>KARDEXMATIC</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-N4W_5Qpss0Q/Tl7yzbAcaBI/AAAAAAAAEh8/MYp3g8EALAY/s1600/Lozano"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 200px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 150px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5647217948006049810" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-N4W_5Qpss0Q/Tl7yzbAcaBI/AAAAAAAAEh8/MYp3g8EALAY/s320/Lozano" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dr. Julio Cesar Lozano Vigo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Especialista Neurocirujano.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima-Peru.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;e-mail: lozanaa_0310arrobahotmail.com&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Al estudiar la carrera de medicina y posteriormente trabajar ya como profesional médico, en la práctica de las atenciones de los pacientes, tanto en los consultorios, como con los pacientes hospitalizados, se hace uso de muchos formatos que forman parte de la historia clínica, por lo que hay que tenerlos a la mano y rellenarlos en forma rápida, para que posteriormente con los resultados de dichos formatos, puedan hacerse los diagnósticos y tratamientos respectivos de las diversas enfermedades, y en los centros laborales hospitalarios, cuando los pacientes son muchos y se necesita el tiempo, noté un vacío en dichos trabajos, porque falta algo para que lo agilice y de una forma ordenada y rápida resuelva dicha problemática, lo que me inquieto a pensar en la solución a este problema y es así que no halle mejor forma de hacerlo, que experimentando con un prototipo de folder múltiple unido de veinte divisiones, perfeccionándolo posteriormente al hacerlo de diversas formas y tamaño y es así que le encontré la solución a dicha problemática, siendo muy grata mi sorpresa al comprobar que dichas ideas eran ciertas. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;El Kardexmatic, es un folder múltiple unido, de cartón y cumple la función de poder hacer compartimientos o divisiones múltiples para los diversos formatos que se utilizan en la atención de los pacientes hospitalizados y de los pacientes de los consultorios médicos especializados, haciendo que los profesionales tengan los formatos a la mano y los dispongan de una forma rápida y sin obstáculos. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El Kardexmatic es versátil y puede tener varias presentaciones de forma y tamaño de acuerdo a las necesidades o acomodación de los profesionales y cumple su meta de una forma instantánea a su requerimiento. Se pueden hacer Kardexmatic de 2, 3, 4,..., 30, etc. divisiones y rotularlos por números, por alfabeto, por días, por años o por asociaciones, etc. Y el resultado es bueno, por ser de un bajo costo, con una larga duración en su uso, ocupa muy poco espacio, reduciendo el tiempo del trabajo.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El Kardexmatic se adapta bien para todos los estudiantes, los escolares, los universitarios, para los profesionales en todas las especialidades, haciéndoles a los estudiantes y a los profesionales mejor capacitados, y con un contacto permanente e inmediato que va a repercutir en su progreso y aprendizaje, ayudándole a vencer los obstáculos y a adquirir las destrezas que son tan importantes para las personas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Todos estos atributos del Kardexmatic les dan una ventaja con respecto a otros tipos, como por ejemplo, con múltiples casilleros en escritorios y despensas, reduciendo el transpapeleo que les hace dar más trabajo, al reordenarlo diariamente.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Los mecanismos que permiten dicha ventaja, es que usan las dos manos en una forma muy asequible y con los 10 dedos servirse de dichos formatos y retirarlos sin hacer transpapeleo y hacerlas tantas veces como quisiera, mientras que en otros, solo se puede usar una mano y solo dos dedos y tienen que ser muy precisos, para servirse con el formato, lo que les hace más lento y mientras más formatos se sirvan y cuanto más grande sea el número de los pacientes, le van a hacer terminar el trabajo atrasados, por todo el tiempo que van a demorar.&lt;a name="_GoBack"&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-5940901448250444596?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/5940901448250444596/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=5940901448250444596&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5940901448250444596'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5940901448250444596'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/kardexmatic.html' title='KARDEXMATIC'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-N4W_5Qpss0Q/Tl7yzbAcaBI/AAAAAAAAEh8/MYp3g8EALAY/s72-c/Lozano' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-9073732252681518647</id><published>2011-08-26T20:46:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-26T21:04:45.354-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='medical devices under cyberattacks'/><title type='text'>MEDICAL  DEVICES  UNDER  CYBERATTACKS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Jy3vknwLBik/TlhstzvCV6I/AAAAAAAAEgw/hvMJjDv13Y8/s1600/300px-Insulin_pump_and_infusion_set.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 300px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 225px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5645381667146323874" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Jy3vknwLBik/TlhstzvCV6I/AAAAAAAAEgw/hvMJjDv13Y8/s320/300px-Insulin_pump_and_infusion_set.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Although medical technology will be invaluable pillar of futuristic medicine, its use will have a vulnerable area &lt;a href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundosalud/2011/08/26/tecnologiamedica/1314377424.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Jay Radcliffe&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;has reported serious safety problems in implantable insulin pumps. Any hacker can access the remote control of these devices and manage them by altering the dose and administration time Radcliffe who is a diabetic insulin pump user and has hacked himself has said that Medtronic one of the largest companies in the world of medical technology is to blame for this negligence. Although Medtronic has acknowledged some security issues in its line of implantable pumps, John Mastrototaro, vice president of research and development of this company, has announced more control of current vulnerabilities and changes in the next generation of insulin pumps. Remember that electronic pacemakers have received similar complaints. In this regard cybersecurity experts say that companies are foolish if they believe that their machines are immune to cyber attacks. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; tab-stops: 45.1pt" class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; mso-fareast-: ESfont-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:12;"  &gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;HACKERS ATACAN &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;DISPOSITIVOS&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;MEDICOS &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;ELECTRONICOS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Aunque la tecnología medica será uno de los pilares invalorables de la medicina del futuro, su empleo tendrá un area vulnerable. Jay Radcliffe ha denunciado serios problemas de seguridad en las bombas implantables de insulina. Cualquier 'hacker', puede acceder al control remoto de estos dispositivos y manejarlos alterando la dosis y los tiempos de administración. Radcliffe que es diabético porta una bomba de insulina pirateada por él mismo. Radcliffe ha señalado que Medtronic, una de las mayores compañías del mundo de tecnología médica es culpable de esta inseguridad. Aunque Medtronic ha reconocido ciertos problemas de seguridad en su línea de bombas implantables, John Mastrototaro, vicepresidente de investigación y desarrollo de la compañía, ha anunciado un mayor control de las vulnerabilidades actuales asi como cambios en la siguiente generación de bombas de insulina. Por si fuera poco los marcapasos electronicos han recibido denuncias similares. Al respecto expertos en ciberseguridad sostienen que las empresas son tontas si creen que sus aparatos son inmunes a ataques ciberneticos.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-9073732252681518647?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/9073732252681518647/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=9073732252681518647&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/9073732252681518647'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/9073732252681518647'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/medical-devices-under-cyberattacks.html' title='MEDICAL  DEVICES  UNDER  CYBERATTACKS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Jy3vknwLBik/TlhstzvCV6I/AAAAAAAAEgw/hvMJjDv13Y8/s72-c/300px-Insulin_pump_and_infusion_set.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-8345759118055551149</id><published>2011-08-26T10:00:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-26T10:16:01.584-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='AGAIN'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='DINOS'/><title type='text'>DINOS,   AGAIN</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zjy1_EFeZys/TlfUrs1gacI/AAAAAAAAEgo/iD8xyKFM3h0/s1600/untitled.bmp"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 186px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 139px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5645214505167251906" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zjy1_EFeZys/TlfUrs1gacI/AAAAAAAAEgo/iD8xyKFM3h0/s320/untitled.bmp" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XnudC9INVJ0"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Processes of &lt;em&gt;resuscitation&lt;/em&gt; of extinct animals run by various routes with different fates: &lt;strong&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href="http://english.pravda.ru/science/earth/22-08-2011/118814-dinosaurs-0/"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Restoring the appearance&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;of an extinct animal crossing domestic species, whose cells contain genes of the ancestor to resurrect. With this method (1970), german scientists &lt;em&gt;resuscitated&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;tarpan (Equus ferus ferus&lt;/em&gt;), extinct ancestor of horses. This was done because there was no genebank that preserved tarpan’s genes. Method not applicable to &lt;em&gt;resurrection&lt;/em&gt; of dinosaurs descended from birds and reptiles. &lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; A more modern method is to create a &lt;em&gt;hybrid embryo&lt;/em&gt;. If the DNA of an extinct animal is preserved it can be implanted into the nucleus of a cell of a close relative. The hybrid is then transplanted into a surrogate mother's uterus near the extinct ancestor. To &lt;em&gt;resurrect&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;woolly mammoth&lt;/em&gt; a surrogate mother will be a female Asian elephant. A not useful method to &lt;em&gt;resurrec&lt;/em&gt;t dinosaurs because we lack their DNA. Therefore, we must create a new type of dinosaur. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;III) To create dinosaurs we must rethink stages of human embryo. This initially looks like a fish, then as amphibious and finally as a mammal. Birds still retain dinosaurs &lt;a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genes_home%C3%B3ticos"&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;homeotic genes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/a&gt;that work a short time during formation of the embryo. Special proteins turn them off, only to activate specific homeotic genes aviaries. In this regard, Hans Larsson found that domestic chicken embryo has a tail of a reptile in early stages of its development. Stopping activity of these genes, the tail disappears. John Fallon and Matthew Harris demonstrated in chicken mutant embryos dental buttons that ended as saber tooth identical to those seen in crocodile and small dinosaurs embryos. Mutants possess recessive genes that kill the embryo before birth. Fallon and Harris created a virus that acted as a recessive gene, which when implemented in normal embryos, allowed the development of teeth. Arkhat Abzhanov (Harvard University), after identifying dinosaur homeotic genes responsible for formation of typical dinosaur snout, found proteins that inactivate these genes. Adding blocking protein that also activate certain embryonic genes in gallinaceous, Abzhanov developed in them a snout similar to the crocodile. With this method we can create dinosaurs from birds. But birds have many homeotic genes of dinosaurs, so when we create a new dinosaur it did not represent previous species. Although its genome included bird's DNA, that kind dinosaurs will not be like classic dinosaurs. They will be new species in structure and physiology. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;CREANDO DINOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Los procesos de resucitación de animales extintos discurren por varias vías con distinta suerte: &lt;strong&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt; Se restaura la &lt;strong&gt;apariencia externa&lt;/strong&gt; de un animal extinto cruzando especies domesticas, cuyas células contienen genes del ancestro por resucitar. Con este método (1970), científicos alemanes obtuvieron al tarpan (Equus ferus ferus), ancestro extinto de los caballos. Se hizo esto porque no existe un banco de genes preservados del tarpan. Método no aplicable a la resurrección de dinosaurios, descendientes de aves y reptiles. &lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; Un método más moderno es crear un &lt;strong&gt;embrión hibrido&lt;/strong&gt;. Si el DNA de un animal extinto es preservado es posible implantarlo en el núcleo celular de una especie cercana. El hibrido es entonces trasplantado al utero de una madre surrogada cercana al ancestro extinto. Para resucitar al mamut lanudo se empleara como madre surrogada a una elefante asiática. Un método no útil para resucitar dinosaurios porque carecemos de DNA de ellos. Por tanto debemos recrear un nuevo tipo de dinosaurios. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;III)&lt;/strong&gt; Para crear dinosaurios hay que &lt;strong&gt;repensar los estadios del embrión humano&lt;/strong&gt;. Este inicialmente luce como pez, luego como anfibio y finalmente como mamífero. Las aves aun conservan genes homeóticos de dinosaurios que trabajan corto tiempo durante la formación del embrión. Proteínas especiales las desactivan, solo para activar genes aviarios homeóticos específicos. Al respecto, Hans Larsson descubrió que el embrión de gallináceas tiene cola de reptil en estadios tempranos de su desarrollo. Al detenerse la actividad de estos genes, la cola desaparece. John Fallon y Mattew Harris demostraron en embriones mutantes de gallináceas botones dentales que terminaron siendo dientes de sable idénticos a los existentes en embriones de cocodrilo y dinosaurios pequeños. Mutantes, poseedores de genes recesivos que matan al embrión antes de nacer. Fallon y Harris crearon un virus que al actuar como un gene recesivo en embriones normales, permitia el desarrollo de dientes. Arkhat Abzhanov (Harvard University), tras identificar genes homeóticos de dinosaurios responsables de la formación del hocico típico de dinosaurios, descubrió proteínas desactivadoras de estos genes. Añadiendo proteinas bloqueadoras de desactivadores de células embrionarias, Abzhanov logró que las gallináceas desarrollaran un pico semejante al del cocodrilo. Con este método es posible crear dinosaurios a partir de aves. Pero como las aves tienen muchos genes homeóticos de dinosaurios, cuando se cree un nuevo dinosaurio este no representara especies previas. Aunque su genoma incluirá DNA del ave, que dinosaurios clásicos no tenían. Serán nuevas especies en estructura y fisiología.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-8345759118055551149?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/8345759118055551149/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=8345759118055551149&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8345759118055551149'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8345759118055551149'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/dinos-again.html' title='DINOS,   AGAIN'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zjy1_EFeZys/TlfUrs1gacI/AAAAAAAAEgo/iD8xyKFM3h0/s72-c/untitled.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-8033640170728620285</id><published>2011-08-25T03:59:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-25T04:04:48.048-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='SUPER   BATTERIES'/><title type='text'>SUPER   BATTERIES</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VkfDyJmONxE/TlYsCg9HyXI/AAAAAAAAEgI/p3kVjSN9Jqo/s1600/one.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 210px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5644747604673153394" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VkfDyJmONxE/TlYsCg9HyXI/AAAAAAAAEgI/p3kVjSN9Jqo/s320/one.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7T0wDZfPJeU/TlYry-7eUHI/AAAAAAAAEgA/9_yMDGVHGto/s1600/two.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 110px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5644747337841397874" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7T0wDZfPJeU/TlYry-7eUHI/AAAAAAAAEgA/9_yMDGVHGto/s320/two.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/ncomms/journal/v2/n8/full/ncomms1454.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Ashley Taylor and Tom Krupenkin&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(Wisconsin-Madison/University) have created a method to continuously recharge laptops, mobil phones, cameras, etc. transforming mechanical energy of our daily walk into electricity. To this end, they adapted numerous microscopic droplets (galinstan and mercury), inside a conductive liquid squeezed between 2 nm carrying electrodes dielectric layers that provide in certain zones conductive contact areas. When walking or vibration press drops, the overlap with contact area changes. Thus, mechanical energy stored in walking, is converted into electrical energy (&lt;em&gt;reverse electrowetting phenomenon&lt;/em&gt;), maintaining the current electric voltage through electrical conductors used to operate electrical devices. 1000 drops adapted in each tennis (&lt;em&gt;shoes&lt;/em&gt;) are capable of generating 10 watts, electricity that can be transmitted by cable, radio channels or radio interfaces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;SUPERBATERIAS ELECTRICAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Ashley Taylor y Tom Krupenkin (Wisconsin-Madison/University), han creado un método para recargar permanentemente laptops, celulares, cámaras fotograficas, etc transformando la energía mecánica de nuestro diario caminar en corriente eléctrica. Para ello, adaptaron numerosas gotas microscópicas de galinstan y mercurio al interior de un liquido conductor comprimido entre 2 nanometricas capas de laminillas dieléctricas provistas de electrodos, en el que ciertas areas conductoras eran a la vez zonas de contacto. Cuando la vibracion o presion mecanica mueve las gotas, el solapamiento con el area de contacto cambia. De este modo, la energía mecánica almacenada al caminar, se convierte en energía eléctrica (&lt;em&gt;reverse electrowetting phenomenon&lt;/em&gt;), manteniéndose el voltaje electrico mediante conductores de corriente eléctrica empleados para operar dispositivos eléctricos. 1000 gotas adaptadas en cada tennis (&lt;em&gt;zapatilla&lt;/em&gt;), son capaces de generar 10 vatios, electricidad que puede ser trasmitida por cable, por vías inhalambricas o radio interfaces.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-8033640170728620285?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/8033640170728620285/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=8033640170728620285&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8033640170728620285'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8033640170728620285'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/super-batteries.html' title='SUPER   BATTERIES'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VkfDyJmONxE/TlYsCg9HyXI/AAAAAAAAEgI/p3kVjSN9Jqo/s72-c/one.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-6675633775972256424</id><published>2011-08-23T08:07:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-23T08:19:36.891-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='END  OF  STARS'/><title type='text'>END  OF  STARS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DSDzG_OMsj8/TlPE9DncsvI/AAAAAAAAEfM/OQCGGtvGREI/s1600/oscurro.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 284px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 177px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5644071311247192818" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DSDzG_OMsj8/TlPE9DncsvI/AAAAAAAAEfM/OQCGGtvGREI/s320/oscurro.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;The astronomer &lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/weltall/0,1518,781683,00.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Robert Brown&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(CSIRO Institute, Australia), argues in to be published "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", that there is less gas in space. To this end Brown and his team compared the light density from galaxies systems located at 3-5 billion light years from Earth, with the nearby universe to calculate the amount of gas they contained and the rate of formation of new stars, concluding that galaxies have less hydrogen to produce stars. The rate of star formation in the early universe had a peak followed by a sharp drop. Currently decreasing the formation of new stars is very fast. According to Brown the light density is affected by dark energy which, according to current theories counteracts the force of gravity and star formation foreseeing in the distant future a dark universe. Throughout its existence stars of a certain size exploted emitting gas into space, stored in white dwarf stars, neutron and planets, losses that however do not explain the total loss of gas. Although 2/3 of hydrogen continues floating between different galaxies, the stellar gas continues declining. Dark energy that counteracts gravity is 70% of the total mass of the universe. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;EL FIN DE LAS ESTRELLAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;El astrónomo Robert Brown (CSIRO Institute, Australia), sostiene en "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society" que hay menos gas en el espacio. Para tal conclusión Brown y su equipo compararon la densidad de la luz de las galaxias, de sistemas ubicados a 3-5 billones de años luz de la tierra, con el universo cercano para calcular la cantidad de gas que contenian y la velocidad de formación de nuevas estrellas, concluyendo que las galaxias tienen menos Hidrogeno, para producir estrellas. La tasa de formación de estrellas en el universo temprano tuvo un pico seguido de una fuerte caída. Actualmente la disminución de la formacion de nuevas estrellas es muy rápida. Para Brown la densidad de la luz es afectada por la energia oscura que segun teorías vigentes contraresta la fuerza de la gravedad y la formacion de estrellas, preveyendose en un futuro distante un universo oscuro. A lo largo de su existencia estrellas de cierto tamaño explotan emitiendo gas al espacio, el mismo que es almacenado en estrellas enanas blancas, de neutrones y planetas, perdidas que no explican la perdida total del gas. Aunque 2/3 del H molecular continua flotando entre distintas galaxias, el gas estelar continua disminuyendo. La energia oscura que contraresta a la gravedad constituye un 70 % de la masa total del universo. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-6675633775972256424?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/6675633775972256424/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=6675633775972256424&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6675633775972256424'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6675633775972256424'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/end-of-stars.html' title='END  OF  STARS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DSDzG_OMsj8/TlPE9DncsvI/AAAAAAAAEfM/OQCGGtvGREI/s72-c/oscurro.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-5236506925471215410</id><published>2011-08-21T21:32:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-21T21:42:29.360-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='centenarians'/><title type='text'>CENTENARIANS</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sW1Haf7iEdc"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;In 1939, the British epidemiologist Major Greenwood and the statistician J O Irvin published in &lt;em&gt;Human Biology&lt;/em&gt; (Vol 11. No 1:1-23), the seminal article "&lt;em&gt;The biostatistic of senility&lt;/em&gt;," after studied various mortality tables of older adults from life insurance companies. The novelty was to find that between 90 and 100 years older died 10 times less frequently than their peers under 90 or over 100 years. In other words, those coming after 90 years in relatively good health status will easily reach 100. The authors attributed the finding to the fact that most nonagenarians restrict their activities and show little in public being subjected to less external stress. Interestingly the same trend of mortality occurs in animals. Finding, that opens the door to the possibility of living more studying better the physiology of centenarians. So, some centenarians would be dying from preventable and avoidable diseases.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;CENTENARIOS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En 1939 el epidemiologo britanico Major Greenwood y el estadistico J.O.Irvin publicaron en &lt;em&gt;Human Biology&lt;/em&gt; (Vol 11. No 1:1-23), el seminal articulo “&lt;em&gt;The biostatistic of senility&lt;/em&gt;”, tras analizar diversas tablas de mortalidad de adultos mayores procedentes de compañías de seguros de vida. La novedad fue encontrar que entre los 90 y los 100 años los adultos mayores morían 10 veces menos frecuentemente que sus pares menores de 90 o mayores de 100 años. En otras palabras el que llegaba a los 90 años en estado de relativa buena salud llegaba fácil a los 100 años. Los autores atribuyeron el hallazgo al hecho de que ciertos nonagenarios al restringir sus actividades y aparecer poco en publico estaban sujetos a menos estres externo. Curiosamente la misma tendencia de mortalidad ocurre en animales. Hallazgo que abre las puertas a la posibilidad de vivir mas estudiando mejor la fisiología de los centenarios. En otras palabras algunos centenarios estarían muriendo por causas prevenibles y evitables, por descubrir. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-5236506925471215410?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/5236506925471215410/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=5236506925471215410&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5236506925471215410'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5236506925471215410'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/centenarians.html' title='CENTENARIANS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7662982892731092680</id><published>2011-08-20T08:25:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-20T08:28:22.222-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='ELECTRONIC  NEURONS  AND  SYNAPSES'/><title type='text'>ELECTRONIC  NEURONS  AND  SYNAPSES</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/18/ibm-synapse-chips-human-brain_n_930161.html"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;The &lt;em&gt;techno-breaktrough&lt;/em&gt; of 2011 could be silicon chips that mimic cognitive neurons and synapses. Created by IBM, these mini-cognitive devices are very close to replicate human brain synaptic connections, &lt;a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/18/ibm-synapse-chips-human-brain_n_930161.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;rewriting their connections&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;as they encounter new information, similar to how work biological synapses. According to Dharmendra Modha (Synapse Project Manager of IBM), cognitive computers to use these chips will be used to understand human behavior, monitor thousands of environmental variables (sound, temperature, movement) and finally learn. Reverse engineering of the brain will recreate emotions, perceptions, sensation and cognition. Currently, the system uses 2 neurosináptic chips, prototype with 256 computer stations (electronic neurons). A programmable synapse chip has 262 144 synapsis and the other: 65 536 learning synapses. Learning process is finally is to build and strengthen connections, turning up the volume of the system to important signals, and putting less attention to others. According to Richard Cooper (London University), many simple tasks can be performed using associative memories. Chips replicate physical connections using virtual machines. Scientists that think that computers can learn, add these like humans will develop their own consciences. The key to development of these chips is to unify memory and data processing. IBM hopes to build chips with 10 billion neurons and 100 trillion synapses with 1 Kw power, embedded in volumes less than 2 liters.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;NEURONAS y SINAPSIS ELECTRÓNICAS&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El &lt;em&gt;breakthroug tecnológico&lt;/em&gt; del 2011 podrían ser ciertos chips cognitivos de sílice que imitan neuronas y sinapsis. Creados por IBM, estos mini-dispositivos cognitivos replicantes muy cercanos a las conexiones sinápticas cerebrales humanas reescriben sus conexiones a medida que encuentran nueva información, de modo similar a como funcionan las sinapsis biológicas. Según Dharmendra Modha (Jefe del Proyecto Synapse de IBM), los computadores cognitivos que usaran estos chips, serán usados para comprender la conducta humana, monitorear miles de variables del medio ambiente (sonido, temperatura, movimientos) y finalmente aprender. La ingeniería reversa cerebral, permitirá según él, recrear emociones, percepcción, sensaciónes y cognición. De momento, el sistema SyNAPSE emplea 2 prototipos de chips neurosinápticos ambos con 256 centrales computacionales (neuronas electrónicas). Un chip tiene 262,144 sinapsis programables y el otro : 65,536 sinapsis para aprendizaje. Finalmente el aprendizaje consiste en formar y reforzar conexiones, subiendo el volumen del sistema ante señales importantes y poniendo menos atención a otros. Según Richard Cooper (London University), muchas tareas pueden realizarse empleando simples memorias asociativas. Los chips replican conexiones físicas usando maquinas virtuales. Los científicos que piensan que las computadoras pueden aprender, añaden que estas al igual que los humanos desarrollaran conciencias propias. La clave en el desarrollo de estos chips es unificar la memoria y el procesamiento de datos. IBM espera construir chips con 10 billones de neuronas y 100 trillones de sinapsis con 1 Kw de poder, inserto en volúmenes menores a 2 litros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7662982892731092680?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7662982892731092680/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7662982892731092680&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7662982892731092680'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7662982892731092680'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/electronic-neurons-and-synapses_2717.html' title='ELECTRONIC  NEURONS  AND  SYNAPSES'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-1519067161127898816</id><published>2011-08-18T09:57:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-18T10:07:20.569-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Cancer:new ideas'/><title type='text'>CANCER: NEW  IDEAS</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/16/health/16cancer.html?_r=1&amp;amp;ref=science"&gt;WATCH VIDEO (NYT)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Until recently prevailed the concept that cancer was a product of random mutations, promoting uncontrolled growth of mutated cells. Recent discoveries are changing this perspective: &lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/16/health/16cancer.html?_r=1&amp;amp;ref=science"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#333333;"&gt;I)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; According to Paolo Pandolfi&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(Harvard Medical School), non-coding human DNA (&lt;em&gt;junk),&lt;/em&gt; develop fine tuning molecular interaction in order to maintain the growth of healthy or tumoral cells. &lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; According to Jeremy K Nicholson (Imperial College, London), 99% of functional genes in our body has microbial origins, there being a normal pattern of communication via signaling molecules between human genes of healthy cells and genes of microorganisms. If there are flaws in this communication, human cells respond with overgrowth, facilitating the development of cancer. &lt;strong&gt;III)&lt;/strong&gt; In keeping with the central dogma of biology, DNA information is copied to messenger RNA and led to cellular ribosomes (microRNAs). If a microRNA binds to a messenger RNA, the instructions are prevented from reaching the objective, thus promoting cancer. To explain the job of microRNAs, Pandolfi says that for each pseudogene, there is a encoding protein gene that regulate normal growth, derived from a common ancestral gene. The pseudogenes are eliminated when they become dysfunctional. While the normal genes continue to send signals to the messenger RNA, the dysfunctional remain silent. For Pandolfi, signals of RNA genes and pseudogenes interact through microRNAs.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As new molecules (lincRNA, siRNA (small interfering and intervening large noncoding), snoRNA, piRNA, etc, are discovered, scientists hope that in 20 years they will have the full map of cancer. More than mutation, now is accepted that a cancer tumor would be composed of aberrant cells, which would have rescheduled their metabolism, to grow and evade destruction by the immune system. Also, a tumor is not a homogeneous mass of cancer cells, it also contains healthy cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, growth and angiogenesis factors, useful to the cancer. Tumors, according to some researchers continue to exchange information (in another context), with different microorganisms in the mouth, skin, respiratory system. Today it is thought that diet, lifestyle, different geographical regions, different microbial ecosystems more or less frequently induce various types of cancers. With better hygiene, changes in diet and antibiotics, H. pylori has decreased in frequency in developed countries.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;CÁNCER: NUEVAS IDEAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Hasta hace poco predominaba el concepto de que el cáncer era producto de mutaciones al azar, promotoras de crecimiento incontrolados de células mutadas. Recientes descubrimientos están cambiando esta perspectiva: I) Según Paolo Pandolfi (Harvard Medical School), el DNA no codificador (&lt;em&gt;junk&lt;/em&gt;), humano interactuando con señales moleculares del crecimiento de células sanas daría el balance final para mantener células saludables o tumorales. II) Según Jeremy K Nicholson (Imperial College, Londres), el 99% de genes funcionales de nuestro cuerpo tiene orígenes microbianos, existiendo un patrón normal de comunicación mediante señales moleculares entre genes de células sanas humanas y los correspodientes a gérmenes. Si existen fallas en esta comunicación, las células humanas responden con sobrecrecimientos, facilitando el desarrollo del cáncer. III) Acorde con el dogma central de biología, la información del DNA, es copiada por el RNA mensajero y conducida a ribosomas celulares (microRNAs). Si un microRNA se une a un RNA mensajero, se evita que las instrucciones alcancen el objetivo promoviéndose el cáncer. Para establecer como el microRNA distingue una célula sana de otra maligna, Pandolfi sostiene que para cada pseudogene, existe un gene regular codificador de proteinas normal, derivado de un gene común ancestral. Los pseudogenes son eliminados cuando devienen en disfuncionales. Mientras los genes normales continúan enviando señales al RNA mensajero, los disfuncionales permaneces silentes. Para Pandolfi, las señales de RNA de genes y pseudogenes interactúan mediante microRNAs. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Mientras nuevas moléculas (lincRNA, siRNA (large intervening y small interfering noncoding), snoRNA, piRNA, etc, van descubriéndose, los científicos esperan que en 20 años se tendrá el mapa completo del cáncer. Mas que una mutación hoy se acepta que un tumor canceroso estaría compuesto por células aberrantes, que habrían reprogramado su metabolismo, para crecer y evadir su destrucción, por el sistema immune. Asimismo, un tumor no es una masa homogénea de células cancerosas, también contiene células saludables: fibroblastos, células inmunes, factores de crecimiento y de angiogénesis, útiles al tumor. Los tumores, considerados por algunos como órganos renegados, continúan intercambiando información (en otro contexto), con distintos microrganismos de boca, piel, sistema respiratorio. Hoy se piensa que la dieta, los estilos de vida, las diferentes regiones geográficas, los diferentes ecosistemas microbianos inducen mayor o menor frecuencia de distintos tipos de canceres. Con mejor higiene, cambios en la dieta y antibióticos, el H. pylori, ha disminuido su frecuencia en países desarrollados.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-1519067161127898816?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/1519067161127898816/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=1519067161127898816&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1519067161127898816'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1519067161127898816'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/cancer-new-ideas.html' title='CANCER: NEW  IDEAS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-1782465268252111768</id><published>2011-08-17T12:37:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-17T12:58:11.181-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='STEALTH   SUKHOI  T50'/><title type='text'>STEALTH   SUKHOI  T50</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nXbjxZD8jhA/TkwatP2iT_I/AAAAAAAAEd0/lPoCZSFwbwQ/s1600/best.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 154px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5641913797840097266" border="0" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nXbjxZD8jhA/TkwatP2iT_I/AAAAAAAAEd0/lPoCZSFwbwQ/s320/best.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;What is the novelty of the fifth-generation fighter aircraft (&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_PAK_FA"&gt;Sukhoi T-50&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), recently exhibited at Zhukovsky near Moscow, in front of 794 watchers from 40 countries: &lt;strong&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt; It is defined as stealth aircraft because of its aerodynamic capability (rhomboid wings), to &lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/technik/0,1518,780637,00.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;avoid the most sensitive radars&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; The pilot sees the environment and their enemies in a customized 3-D touch screen controls &lt;strong&gt;III)&lt;/strong&gt; It is able to take off and land on runways between 300 and 400 meters. &lt;strong&gt;IV&lt;/strong&gt;) Performs long-term supersonic flight refueling in the air. &lt;strong&gt;V)&lt;/strong&gt; Attack simultaneously several targets on land and air. It has a sensor that measure the distance of enemy aircraft, without alerting the radar signals from the ship. &lt;strong&gt;VI)&lt;/strong&gt; Exchange information in real time, with checkpoints on land and other warplanes. It has an advanced radar to detect new 30 targets enemies at once. &lt;strong&gt;VII&lt;/strong&gt;) Cruising speed: 1,300 km / h Mach 1.3. Length: 22 m Wingspan: 14.8 m. Height: 5.45 m.&lt;strong&gt;VIII&lt;/strong&gt;) Large space for weapons: 5 missiles air-air of short range, 4 air-air missiles of long-range and 3 anti-ship missiles &lt;strong&gt;IX&lt;/strong&gt;) GLONASS satellite navigation. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXBs4PNdE_A"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;The Sukhoi T-50 is ready to compete with the F22 raptor American, the Lockheed Martin F35 Lightning II and the Chengdu J-20. The Sukhoi T-50, developed in collaboration with India is cheaper than the American F22. According to the parliamentarian Boris Gryzlov, russian investment in aviation and aerospace is a high priority. The Russian army expects to buy 150 Russian Sukhoi T-50 and India another modified 200 T-50. Russia hopes to sell 1000 of these aircraft to the international market in the coming decades. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;CAZA SUKHOI T50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cuak es la novedad del avión caza (Sukhoi T-50), de quinta generación recientemente exhibido en Zhukovsky cerca de Moscú, ante 794 veedores de compañias de 40 paises :I) Se le define como avión furtivo dada su capacidad aerodinámica (alas romboidales), para eludir los radares mas sensibles II) El piloto vé el medio ambiente y a sus enemigos en una pantalla tridimensional personalizada conectada a mandos de toque touch-screen III) Es capaz de despegar y aterrizar en pistas de entre 300 y 400 metros de longitud. IV) Efectúa vuelos supersónicos de larga duración repostando combustible en el aire. V) Ataca simultáneamente varios blancos en tierra y aire. Dispone de un sensor que gira en forma permanente, midiendo la distancia del avión enemigo, sin alertarlo con las señales del radar de la nave. VI) Intercambia información en tiempo real, tanto con los puestos de control en tierra como con otros aviones de combate. Dispone de un nuevo radar avanzado para detectar 30 blancos enemigos a la vez. VII) Velocidad de crucero : 1.300 km/h Mach 1.3. Longitud : 22 m Envergadura: 14.8 m. Altura: 5.45 m.VIII) Gran espacio para armas : 5 misiles aire-aire de corto alcance, 4 misiles aire-aire de largo alcance, 3 misiles antibuque IX) Navegación por satélite GLONASS. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a title="GLONASS" href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLONASS"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;El &lt;em&gt;Sukhoi T-50&lt;/em&gt; esta listo para competir con el F22 raptor americano, el Lockheed Martin F35 Lightning II y el Chengdu J-20. El Sukhoi T-50, desarollado en colaboracion con la India es mas barato que el americano F22. Según el parlamentario Boris Gryzlov, la inversión rusa en aviación y aeroespacio es de alta prioridad. La armada rusa espera comprar 150 Sukhoi T-50 y la India otros 200 T-50 modificados. Rusia espera vender 1000 de estos aviones al mercado internacional en las siguientes décadas. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-1782465268252111768?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/1782465268252111768/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=1782465268252111768&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1782465268252111768'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1782465268252111768'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/stealth-sukhoi-t50.html' title='STEALTH   SUKHOI  T50'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nXbjxZD8jhA/TkwatP2iT_I/AAAAAAAAEd0/lPoCZSFwbwQ/s72-c/best.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-6334768501439075396</id><published>2011-08-16T08:51:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-16T08:59:25.569-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='STEM  CELLS and TERATOMAS'/><title type='text'>STEM  CELLS and TERATOMAS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-jGoqNkPyj3c/TkqTzQ9Oy_I/AAAAAAAAEdc/nHqj8AN7ULE/s1600/teratomabanner.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5641483992169368562" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 167px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-jGoqNkPyj3c/TkqTzQ9Oy_I/AAAAAAAAEdc/nHqj8AN7ULE/s320/teratomabanner.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Trying to develop bodily organs from stem cells would not be so simple : it could be developed &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teratoma"&gt;teratomas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; instead of normal organs. In response to it, &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nbt.1947.html"&gt;Micha Drukker (Stanford University), Jans Peter Volkmer (Dusseldorf University)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and colleagues have developed a method to identify and eliminate teratoma producing cells that remain in an undifferentiated state for only start later an uncontrolled tumor growth. Researchers have identified six types of surface molecules on undifferentiated cells, manufacturing monoclonal antibodies against these antigens especially against SSEA-5 glycan, binding specifically to these cells, identifying them, eliminating and preventing the growth of teratomas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;CELULAS MADRE y TUMORES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;ntentar desarrollar órganos corporales a partir de células madre no sería tan sencillo: podrían desarrollarse teratomas en vez de órganos normales. Ante ello, Micha Drukker (Stanford University), Jans Peter Volkmer (Dusseldorf University) y colaboradores han desarrollado un método para identificar y eliminar células productoras de teratomas que permanecen en estado indiferenciado para solo empezar mas tarde con un desarrollo tumoral incontrolable. Los investigadores han identificado 6 tipos de moléculas superficiales en las células indiferenciadas, manufacturando anticuerpos monoclonales contra estos antígenos especialmente contra el SSEA-5 glicano, uniéndose especificamente a estas células, identificándolas en cultivos, eliminándolas e impidiendo el crecimiento de teratomas.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-6334768501439075396?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/6334768501439075396/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=6334768501439075396&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6334768501439075396'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6334768501439075396'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/stem-cells-and-teratomas.html' title='STEM  CELLS and TERATOMAS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-jGoqNkPyj3c/TkqTzQ9Oy_I/AAAAAAAAEdc/nHqj8AN7ULE/s72-c/teratomabanner.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-4736646342911480048</id><published>2011-08-14T21:46:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-14T22:01:49.235-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='SEX  IN SPACE'/><title type='text'>SEX  IN SPACE</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-auQ3ytnCi54/TkioJHGyDcI/AAAAAAAAEc0/7167OksnYjU/s1600/rusia.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 240px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 320px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5640943407761329602" border="0" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-auQ3ytnCi54/TkioJHGyDcI/AAAAAAAAEc0/7167OksnYjU/s320/rusia.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;One aspect to be learned &lt;a href="http://einestages.spiegel.de/static/topicalbumbackground/23270/_besser_als_viagra.html?o=position-ASCENDING&amp;amp;s=10&amp;amp;r=1&amp;amp;a=23270&amp;amp;c=1"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;about spatial stations circling the Earth&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;are sex details between cosmonauts. I) On one side some blames the russians for having planned sexual encounters to know how an embryo develops in conditions of zero gravity and II) Understand human sexual physiology in unusual conditions as previous experiments endorse a redistribution of blood body flow induced by weightlessness. Some studies support a high concentration of blood in the pelvic area due to an increased negative pressure in lower limbs, allowing the sexual organs work better than Viagra. An example of this would be the child conceived in a Russian space station by the cosmonaut &lt;a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swetlana_Jewgenjewna_Sawizkaja"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;Svetlana Sawizkaja&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;who after arriving at the station Salyut 7 (1984), stayed there with 4 Russian cosmonauts, 2 of them younger. According to Dick Richards (NASA), the only reason for such meetings was the realization of certain medic-sexual experiments. The Sawizkaja gave birth to a healthy child in 1986.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;SEXO EN EL ESPACIO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Un aspecto por conocer de las estaciones espaciales que circundan la Tierra son los pormenores de las relaciones sexuales entre cosmonautas. I) De un lado se achaca a los rusos el haber planificado encuentros sexuales para saber como se desarrolla un embrión en condiciones de gravedad zero y II) Conocer la fisiología sexual humana en condiciones desusuales ya que experimentos previos refrendan una redistribución del flujo sanguíneo corporal inducida por la ingravidez. Algunos estudios refrendan una mayor concentración de sangre en el area pélvica a causa de un incremento de la presión negativa en los miembros inferiores, posibilitando que los órganos sexuales funcionen mejor que el Viagra. Ejemplo de lo anterior seria el hijo concebido en una estación espacial rusa por la cosmonauta Svetlana Sawizkaja quien tras arribar a la estación Salyut 7 (1984), permaneció allí con 4 cosmonautas rusos, 2 de ellos jóvenes. Según Dick Richards (NASA), la unica razon para tales encuentros fue la realización de ciertos experimentos medico-sexuales. La Sawizkaja dio a luz a un niño saludable en 1986.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-4736646342911480048?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/4736646342911480048/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=4736646342911480048&amp;isPopup=true' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4736646342911480048'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4736646342911480048'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/sex-in-space.html' title='SEX  IN SPACE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-auQ3ytnCi54/TkioJHGyDcI/AAAAAAAAEc0/7167OksnYjU/s72-c/rusia.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-6431069190451068639</id><published>2011-08-14T03:32:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-14T04:04:13.447-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='ELECTRONIC  EPIDERMIC  TATTOO'/><title type='text'>ELECTRONIC  EPIDERMAL  TATTOO</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://news.illinois.edu/news/11/0811skin_electronics_JohnRogers.html"&gt;WATCH VIDEO No-2-&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AytQuVCiRcI"&gt;WATCH VIDEO &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;We thought that electronic clothes (jackets, pants, T-shirts), will quickly replace laptops, iPods, cell phones, etc. Contrarily, the novelty is the emergence of &lt;em&gt;electronic epidermic tattoo&lt;/em&gt; -forced by necessity- giving priority to the human body against clothing. &lt;a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/333/6044/838.abstract"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Scientists from the universities&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Northwestern University, Evanston, Tufts, Dalian, China and Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore, have developed an &lt;em&gt;electronic epidermic tattoo&lt;/em&gt; capable of measuring the electrical activity generated by the heart, brain and skeletal muscles, also getting enough information to control certain computer games. The &lt;em&gt;electronic epidermic tattoo&lt;/em&gt; less than 50 micrometers thick, is embedded in a plastic envelope soluble in water. Having elastic properties, it blends and adheres to the skin by Van der Walls interactions. Their complexity include stress sensors, transistors, light emitting diodes, photodetectors, radio-frequency inductors, capacitors, oscillators and rectifier diodes. Solar cells and wireless devices are the source of its power. The &lt;em&gt;electronic epidermic tattoo&lt;/em&gt; -without doubt- will revolutionize the monitoring of critically ill patients and certain computer games. It is cheap because its production is done by mass &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer-print"&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;transfer printing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/a&gt;techniques. It takes up little space in contrast to the bulky equipment currently used in hospitals, allowing to monitor premature babies or patients with sleep apnea in their natural environments, up to 24 hours without loss of function or skin irritation. For now it lasts 15 days.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/ELECTRONIC%20%20TATTOO"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;TATUAJE EPIDERMICO ELECTRONICO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pensabamos que la ropa electronica (sacos,pantalones, polos, camisas), reemplazarian rapidamente a laptops, Ipods, celulares moviles, etc. La novedad es que la aparicion del &lt;em&gt;tatuaje epidermico electronico&lt;/em&gt; -forzado por la necesidad- ha priorizado al cuerpo humano a la ropa. Cientificos de las universidades de Illinois, Urbana-Champaign,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a name="aff-2"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a name="aff-3"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt; Northwestern University, Evanston,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a name="aff-4"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt; Tufts, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a name="aff-5"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Dalian-China y el Institute of High Performance Computing-Singapore, han desarrollado un tatuaje epidermico electronico capaz de medir la actividad electrica generada por el corazon, el cerebro y musculos esqueléticos, obteniendo además suficiente informacion para controlar ciertos juegos de computadora. El &lt;em&gt;tatuaje epidermico electrónico&lt;/em&gt; de menos de 50 micrometros de grosor, viene inserto en un sobre de plastico soluble en agua. Teniendo propiedades elásticas, se mimetiza y adhiere a la piel mediante interacciones de Van der Walls. Su complejidad incluye sensores de esfuerzo, transistores, diodos emisores de luz, fotodetectores, inductores de radio-frecuencia, capacitadores, osciladores y diodos rectificadores. Celdas solares y dispositivos inhalambricos son su fuente de poder. El &lt;em&gt;tatuaje epidermico electrónico&lt;/em&gt; -que duda cabe- revolucionara el monitoreo de pacientes criticos y ciertos juegos de computadora. Es barato porque su producción se realiza mediante masivas técnicas de &lt;em&gt;transfer printing&lt;/em&gt;. Ocupa poco espacio en contraste al voluminoso equipo usado actualmente en los hospitales, permitiendo monitorizar a bebes prematuros o pacientes con apnea del sueño en sus medios naturales, hasta por 24 hs, sin perdida de su funcion o irritacion de la piel. De momento duran 15 dias.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-6431069190451068639?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/6431069190451068639/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=6431069190451068639&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6431069190451068639'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6431069190451068639'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/electronic-epidermal-tattoo.html' title='ELECTRONIC  EPIDERMAL  TATTOO'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7700832424157176727</id><published>2011-08-11T11:41:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-11T11:49:52.677-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NEW   TREATMENT   FOR   LEUKEMIA'/><title type='text'>NEW   TREATMENT   FOR   LEUKEMIA</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsOZkfj-DTA"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;American and British medical scientists modified human immune T cells by transfer of genes making them producing antibodies that provided them with a new antigenic specificity (&lt;em&gt;hybrid&lt;/em&gt;), paving the way to fight leukemia, lymphoma and other cancers. In this regard, in 2006 I wrote an article in which I defined my concept of &lt;em&gt;natural medicine: &lt;/em&gt;increasing the number and maximization of our natural body defenses. In this case, immune cells from the patient (&lt;em&gt;personalized medicine&lt;/em&gt;), were specifically reprogrammed to eliminate cancer cells from a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In this case, low doses of chimeric (&lt;em&gt;modified antigen receptor&lt;/em&gt;), autologous T cells were infused in a patient with refractory CLL. Modified T cells were raised to more than 1000 times their original number with delayed development of tumor lysis syndrome and achieving complete remission. Modified T cells were infused 2 weeks ago. 1 week after the patient's bone marrow was free of disease. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Autologous modified T cells developed by &lt;a href="http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1103849?query=featured_home"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;David Porter (University of Pennsylvania/Philadelphia), Carl June and others&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;recognize the CD19 protein on the surface of cancer cells and normal immune B cells. Modified cell are coupled to a T cell costimulatory receptor (CD137) and a component (&lt;em&gt;antibody&lt;/em&gt;) of antigen receptor of T cells (CD3-zeta), which identifies domains of the chimeric antigen receptor on T cells of LLC. 6 months after treatment, blood and bone marrow continued expansion and persistence of T cells. Although the treatment also eliminates normal antibody producers B cells, this side effect can be managed with regular infusions of antibodies. While FDA discussed security measures, the American NCI plans to test American chimeric antigen receptor against pancreatic cancer, brain tumors, glioblastomas and lung mesothelioma.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;NUEVO TRATAMIENTO CONTRA LEUCEMIAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cientificos americanos e ingleses potenciaron células T inmunes humanas mediante transferencia de genes modificándolas haciéndolas productoras de anticuerpos que les permitieron adquirir una nueva especificidad antigénica (híbrido), allanando el camino para combatir leucemias, linfomas y otros cánceres. Al respecto, el 2006 escribí un artículo en el que definí mi concepto de medicina natural : incremento del número y maximización de nuestras defensas naturales. En este caso, células inmunes del propio paciente (medicina personalizada), reprogramadas eliminaron específicamente células cancerosas de un paciente con Leucemia linfocitica crónica (LLC). En este caso, dosis bajas de células T autólogas quiméricas (receptores antigénicos modificados), fueron infundidas a un paciente con LLC refractaria elevando las células T a más de 1000 veces su número original con desarrollo retardado del síndrome de lisis tumoral y logro de una remisión completa. Las células T modificadas fueron infundidas 2 semanas antes. 1 semana después la médula ósea del paciente estaba libre de enfermedad. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Las células autólogas T desarrolladas por David Porter (Universidad de Pennsylvania/Filadelfia), Carl June y otros, reconocen a la proteína CD19 presente en la superficie de las células cancerosas y en células B inmunes normales. La modificación celular se acopla a un receptor coestimulatorio de células T (CD137) y a un componente (anticuerpo), de los receptores antigénicos de células T (CD3-zeta), que identifica los dominios de los receptores antigénicos quiméricos de las células T de la LLC. 6 meses después del tratamiento, en sangre y en médula ósea continuaba la expansión y persistencia de células T. Aunque el tratamiento elimina asimismo células B normales productoras de anticuerpos, este efecto colateral puede ser manejado con infusiones regulares de anticuerpos compensatorios. Mientras el FDA discute medidas de seguridad, el NCI americano planea ensayos con receptores quiméricos de antígenos contra cáncer de páncreas, tumores cerebrales, glioblastomas y mesoteliomas pulmonares. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7700832424157176727?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7700832424157176727/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7700832424157176727&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7700832424157176727'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7700832424157176727'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/new-treatment-for-leukemia.html' title='NEW   TREATMENT   FOR   LEUKEMIA'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-6277788660556311834</id><published>2011-08-09T22:08:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-09T22:31:56.777-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PARENTS'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='AFTER  THE  DEATH'/><title type='text'>PARENTS,     AFTER  THE  DEATH</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7VLzp4lW3L0/TkIXu3EijEI/AAAAAAAAEbg/IHKh1kvtk4s/s1600/dead.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 127px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 90px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5639095777245695042" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7VLzp4lW3L0/TkIXu3EijEI/AAAAAAAAEbg/IHKh1kvtk4s/s320/dead.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Although currently frozen eggs coming from dead young women, artificially fertilized with sperm from male donors living, does not produce healthy embryos, the practice continues. In the city of Kfar Saba, the Court allowed the parents of his &lt;a href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/dead-woman-s-ova-harvested-after-court-okays-family-request-1.377495"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;last daughter (17 years), died&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;in a car accident, freezing their eggs. The Israelites can using court orders keep eggs frozen from their dead daughters. The practice is a continuation of another: the successful use of sperm from dead husband. While in Germany the Embryo Protection Act prohibits such donations, in Israel it is possible to use the sperm of the last spouse for purposes of artificial insemination.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;PADRES DESPUES DE MUERTOS&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aunque de momento, los ovulos congelados procedentes de mujeres jóvenes muertas, fertilizados artificialmente con esperma de donantes masculinos vivos, &lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/0,1518,779141,00.html"&gt;no producen embriones saludables&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, la practica continua. En la ciudad de Kfar Saba una corte permitio a los padres de su ultima hija (17 años), &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/dead-woman-s-ova-harvested-after-court-okays-family-request-1.377495"&gt;fallecida en un accidente de transito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, congelar sus ovulos. Los israelitas pueden con ordenes de la corte mantener congelados los ovulos de sus hijas muertas. La practica es continuación de otra: el empleo exitoso de esperma de esposos muertos. Aunque en Alemania el &lt;em&gt;Embryo Protection Act&lt;/em&gt;, prohibe este tipo de donaciones, en Israel se puede usar el esperma del ultimo esposo con fines de inseminación artificial.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-6277788660556311834?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/6277788660556311834/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=6277788660556311834&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6277788660556311834'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6277788660556311834'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/parents-after-death.html' title='PARENTS,     AFTER  THE  DEATH'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7VLzp4lW3L0/TkIXu3EijEI/AAAAAAAAEbg/IHKh1kvtk4s/s72-c/dead.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-4468614299670310576</id><published>2011-08-08T22:01:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-08T22:09:35.165-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='EXTRATERRESTRIAL ORIGEN  OF  LIFE'/><title type='text'>EXTRATERRESTRIAL ORIGEN  OF  LIFE</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51V363V1bkI&amp;amp;playnext=1&amp;amp;list=PL21E68C6E527DF9E2"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;According to Michael Callahan (NASA) and others, life could have come to the earth and other planets with genetic material transported on meteors. Using high mass spectroscopy resolution Callahan examined 12 carbonaceous meteorites belonging to 3 different groups of chondrites, 11 of which contained the nucleobase adenine. In fact, the rocks contained a mixture of nucleic bases including 3 rarely found on Earth. According to Callahan, the discovery of nucleic bases not typical of terrestrial biochemistry is evidence of extraterrestrial life origin. The scientist added that these DNA blocks are currently in space, generated by chemical reactions of ammonia and cyanide often found in space. For Callahan, the first terrestrial cells contained 3 components. nucleic acids, proteins and cell membranes, all identified in the meteorites studied. DNA components have traveled through space on meteorites that landed on the ground. Some scientists however, argue that it could be a simple contamination with terrestrial molecules.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;PANSPERMIA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Segun Michael Callahan (NASA) y colaboradores, la vida pudo haber arribado a la tierra y otros planetas con material genetico trasportado en meteoritos. Empleando espectroscopia de masa de alta resoluccion Callahan examino 12 meteroritos carbonaceos pertenecientes a 3 grupos diferentes de condritas, de los cuales 11 contenian la nucleobase adenina. En realidad, las rocas contenian una mezcla de bases nucleicas incluyendo 3 encontradas raramente en la Tierra. El descubrimiento de estas bases nucleicas no tipica de la bioquimica terrestre es evidencia según Callahan del origen extraterrestre de la vida. El científico agrega que estos bloques de DNA se encuentran actualmente en el espacio, generados por reacciones químicas de amoniaco y cianuro encontradas frecuentemente en el espacio. Para Callahan, las primeras células terrestres contenían 3 componentes. acidos nucleicos, proteínas y membranas celulares, todos identificados en los meteoritos estudiados. Los componentes de DNA habrian viajado por el espacio en meteoritos que arribaron a la tierra. Algunos cientificos no obstante, arguyen que podria tratarse de una simple contaminacion con moleculas terrestres.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-4468614299670310576?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/4468614299670310576/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=4468614299670310576&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4468614299670310576'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/4468614299670310576'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/extraterrestrial-origen-of-life.html' title='EXTRATERRESTRIAL ORIGEN  OF  LIFE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-1594116568641709814</id><published>2011-08-08T04:07:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-08T04:28:08.431-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='living with delusions'/><title type='text'>LIVING   WITH   SCHIZOFRENIC DELUSIONS</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://video.nytimes.com/video/2011/08/06/science/100000000978793/living-with-voices.html"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Some years ago, AIDS was considered an incurable disease. With the use of antiretroviral drugs that undermined the virus, the perspective changed. Today is a chronic disease with which the person can live for many years. Something happened also with patients suffering from Down syndrome. Before they were confined to special environments and lived little. Today, such children study in ordinary schools with outstanding results and live longer. The same thing is happening with schizophrenia. &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/07/health/07lives.html?_r=1&amp;amp;ref=health"&gt;Those affected are learning to live with the disturbing real voices they hear.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; They understand that normal people also have doubts and fears. They do not commit suicide any more. Some have left aside the antipsychotic medication. Supported by their families work and keep their homes. A slow but sure process. Some analyze every thought, every attitude, every emotion, wondering if they are real in order to self-develop a system to deal with these delusions. Very helpful in schizophrenics is emain in ongoing activity (praying, going to work early, read the Bible in the way, passively resist the stress induced by delusions and digest antipsychotic drugs only in cases of emergency. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Viviendo con delusiones esquizofrenicas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hace algunos años, el SIDA era considerada una enfermedad incurable. Con el empleo de antiretrovirales que minaban al virus, la perspectiva cambio. Hoy es una enfermedad cronica con la que el afectado puede vivir muchos años. Algo paso también con pacientes afectados de síndrome de Down. Antes eran confinados a ambientes especiales y vivian poco. Hoy, estudian en colegios de niños normales con resultados sorprendentes y viven mas tiempo. Lo mismo esta ocurriendo con la esquizofrenia. Los afectados están aprendiendo a convivir con las perturbadoras voces reales que escuchan. Entienden que las personas normales también tienen dudas y temores. Ya no se suicidan. Algunos han dejado de lado los medicamentos antipsicoticos. Apoyados por sus familias trabajan y mantienen sus hogares. Un proceso lento pero seguro. Algunos analizan cada pensamiento, cada actitud, cada emoción, preguntandose si son reales a fin de autoproveerse de un sistema para afrontar estas delusiones. Ayudan mucho a los esquizofrénicos: estar en actividad permanente (rezar, ir temprano al trabajo, leer la biblia en el camino, resistir pasivamente al estrés inducido por las delusiones e ingerir medicamentos antipsicoticos solo en casos de emergencia. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-1594116568641709814?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/1594116568641709814/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=1594116568641709814&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1594116568641709814'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/1594116568641709814'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/living-with-schizofrenic-delusions.html' title='LIVING   WITH   SCHIZOFRENIC DELUSIONS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-6151180688230482705</id><published>2011-08-06T03:07:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-06T03:10:52.869-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='TALKING    ANIMALS'/><title type='text'>TALKING    ANIMALS</title><content type='html'>&lt;object classid='clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000' id='TelegraphPlayer-8654646' width='400' height='227' codebase='http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/get/flashplayer/current/swflash.cab'&gt;&lt;param name='movie' value='http://www.telegraph.co.uk/telegraph/template/utils/ooyala/telegraph_player.swf'/&gt;&lt;param name='bgcolor' value='#000000'/&gt;&lt;param name='allowScriptAccess' value='always'/&gt;&lt;param name='salign' value='LT'/&gt;&lt;param name='allowFullScreen' value='true'/&gt;&lt;param name='scale' value='noscale'/&gt;&lt;param name='wmode' value='window'/&gt;&lt;param name='FlashVars' value='embedCode=l2cjZvMjpNeyVbtIFMdFeLrW1F_ej8Bd&amp;offSite=true&amp;showTD=true&amp;thruParamDartEnterprise=site%3Dscience%26section%3Dscience%26pt%3Dst1%26pg%3D/science/8653962/Scientists-warn-of-Planet-of-the-Apes-scenario.html%26spaceid%3Dvid%26ls%3Df%26transactionID%3D1108061026480971%26psize%3D460x317%26view%3Dviral'/&gt;&lt;embed type='application/x-shockwave-flash' src='http://www.telegraph.co.uk/telegraph/template/utils/ooyala/telegraph_player.swf' pluginspage='http://www.adobe.com/go/getflashplayer' menu='false' quality='high' play='false' name='TelegraphPlayer-8654646' height='227' width='400' bgcolor='#000000' allowScriptAccess='always' salign='LT' allowFullScreen='true' scale='noscale' wmode='window' flashvars='embedCode=l2cjZvMjpNeyVbtIFMdFeLrW1F_ej8Bd&amp;offSite=true&amp;showTD=true&amp;thruParamDartEnterprise=site%3Dscience%26section%3Dscience%26pt%3Dst1%26pg%3D/science/8653962/Scientists-warn-of-Planet-of-the-Apes-scenario.html%26spaceid%3Dvid%26ls%3Df%26transactionID%3D1108061026480971%26psize%3D460x317%26view%3Dviral'&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Although the British Academy of Medical Sciences, is not opposed to implant human cells in livers of mice to test new drugs, other experiments such as injecting human stem cells into mice with stroke to correct the damage or implantation of human chromosomes into mice genomes to understand the essence of Down syndrome, are beginning to worry bio-ethicists and British researchers, especially if the experiments are conducted with human stem cells and in monkeys. The risk is that the insertion of large numbers of human brain cells into the brains of primates allows them to acquire uniquely human skills : human appearance, language and thinking ability. Thomas Baldwin (British Academy of Medical Sciences), argues that it is necessary to regulate scientific research on the matter. For now, the regulation occurs in 3 areas: a) Cognitive, if a monkey that received human genetic material begins to acquire human abilities, we must stop the experiment. b) In the reproductive area, animal embryos produced from sperm or egg cells, should not be developed beyond 14 days and c) visual because they could see like humans. Some scientists however see nothing wrong with talking animals.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;ANIMALES QUE HABLAN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aunque la Academia Británica de Ciencias Medicas, no se opone al implante de celulas humanas en higados de ratones a fin de evaluar nuevos medicamentos, otros experimentos como inyección de células madre humanas a ratones con accidentes cerebro vasculares para corregir el daño o el implante de cromosomas humanos en genomas de ratones para comprender lo esencial del síndrome de Down, empiezan a preocupar a bio-eticistas e investigadores británicos, especialmente si los experimentos son realizados con células madre humanas y con monos. El riesgo es que la inserción de gran numero de células cerebrales humanas en cerebros de primates les permita adquirir habilidades humanas únicas :apariencia humana, lenguaje y habilidad para pensar. Thomas Baldwin (Academia Britanica de Ciencias Medicas), arguye que es necesario regular la investigación científica al respecto. De momento, la regulacion se da en 3 areas : a) Cognitiva, si un mono que recibio material genetico humano empieza a acquirir habilidades humanas, hay que detener el experimento. b) En el area reproductiva, los embriones animales producidos a partir de esperma u ovulos humanos, no deben desarrollarse mas alla de los 14 dias y c) visual porque podrían ver como los humanos. Algunos científicos no verían nada malo en que los animales hablen.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-6151180688230482705?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/6151180688230482705/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=6151180688230482705&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6151180688230482705'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6151180688230482705'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/talking-animals.html' title='TALKING    ANIMALS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-6227355096589769453</id><published>2011-08-04T08:42:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-04T08:59:32.830-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Information  and knowledge'/><title type='text'>INFORMATION  and  KNOWLEDGE</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fjR1aDlHTfk/TjrB1ySY98I/AAAAAAAAEaQ/yCj-gq_Y28Q/s1600/mvll.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 183px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 276px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5637031013383731138" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fjR1aDlHTfk/TjrB1ySY98I/AAAAAAAAEaQ/yCj-gq_Y28Q/s320/mvll.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt; Mario Vargas Llosa (MVLL) has published a controversial article (&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.elpais.com/articulo/opinion/informacion/conocimiento/elpepiopi/20110731elpepiopi_11/Tes"&gt;More information, less knowledge&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;related to ways of acquiring knowledge, criticizing the widespread, easy and disproportionate use of &lt;em&gt;Internet&lt;/em&gt; by students and public in general. &lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; According to MVLL, many students (before, voracious book readers), today prefer to read literary summaries gotten on the &lt;em&gt;Internet&lt;/em&gt;, losing concentration after reading 1 or 2 pages, especially if the subject is complex and demands attention and reflection. MVLL mentioned a student that lived in a Colorado mountain without mobile and TV, typing after : &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/06/books/review/Lehrer-t.html"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Shallows: What the Internet is Doing to Our Brains?&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;strong&gt;III-IV)&lt;/strong&gt; Although students recognize the contributions of &lt;em&gt;Google, Twitter&lt;/em&gt;, etc, to information and communication, time savings, ease of sharing experiences with everyone, benefits to companies, scientific research, economic development, cultural transformation of our life and modification of the mode of operation of our brain, like conditioned by the creation of Gutemberg print that permitted the widespread reading of books. &lt;strong&gt;V)&lt;/strong&gt; According to MVLL, the &lt;em&gt;web&lt;/em&gt; promotes the weakening and failure to exercise of our memory, because of endless files of the computer. Our brains adapt to learn and think of the new system, becoming dependent on this tool. &lt;strong&gt;VI)&lt;/strong&gt; As the philosopher Joe O'Shea, says, "&lt;em&gt;Sit down and read a book from beginning to end is a non sense"&lt;/em&gt;. Dr. Katherine Hayles (Duke University), says: "&lt;em&gt;I can not get my students to read long books&lt;/em&gt;" because Google books synthesis are simple, clear and pleasant. &lt;strong&gt;VII)&lt;/strong&gt; On the other hand Van Nimwegen says : If computers are commited to solve our cognitive problems, &lt;em&gt;it will lead to the automation of the humanity.&lt;/em&gt; Our replica:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1)&lt;/strong&gt; While MVLL and students referred by him, rely on past books (&lt;em&gt;good for its time&lt;/em&gt;), most modern students have shifted to modes of transmission of information and knowledge more pragmatic and futuristic, as in crescendo masses of information need increasing access speeds to the human brain, superfilters, accuracy and usefullness (&lt;em&gt;multimedia formats&lt;/em&gt;). Good books alluded by MVLL are exhibited mostly in single format (&lt;em&gt;in presentation and content&lt;/em&gt;) and have the knowledge in form of unique truths, while today it is usual to accept many interpretations of a single truth to be discovered. New ways of information acquisition mimic the brain : rather than storing the entire contents of a book of 3000 pages (&lt;em&gt;quite silly&lt;/em&gt;), store only the important : perhaps 6 lines, the real heart of it. So much of value in an old book and internet are always short. What counts then is the persistent use of critical thinking, being also advisable to reinvent the software as much as possible. &lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt; Although some books will not disappear, most will be eliminated gradually. While a few will remain as museum pieces, others will remain by their intrinsic value. After all a past or future book is virtual like any stored in the web, as all enter by the eye and will be digested in the brain. &lt;strong&gt;3)&lt;/strong&gt; To think that spoken language (&lt;em&gt;who speaks well, think well&lt;/em&gt;) is the best way to convey information, supports the dogma that only good books transmit good information. The multimedia :short, solid and accurate overwhelms old books. Internet does not eliminate the habit of reading. On the contrary permit analyze and thinking faster, thus contributing to a greater democratization of information and knowledge. &lt;strong&gt;4)&lt;/strong&gt; Internet is a wonderful library, in which the pragmatism will eliminate the superfluous. Better organization of data will give way to faster acquisition of knowledge. Group networks help to investigate in science, literature, spirituality, painting, history, etc. &lt;strong&gt;5)&lt;/strong&gt; The best of the internet is that information is no longer the privileged of a few people. A considerable number of readers read the article of MVLL via online and instantly responded, criticizing or approving him. This bidirectional Socratic method (&lt;em&gt;face to face with the reader&lt;/em&gt;) is not one of the best to digest and gain knowledge?. &lt;strong&gt;6)&lt;/strong&gt; So true is that &lt;em&gt;Internet&lt;/em&gt; allows government intrusion in the information as true that it enabled the success of a wimp Obama, recent revolutions in favor of democracy in Muslim countries and others in Spain. &lt;strong&gt;7)&lt;/strong&gt; That there are people whose minds will be shaped in part by information provided by the media, is not new. The stupidity is hold in some people and in some media. You can not become intelligent to all, it depends on each one. What is needed online is a more efficient organization of data to facilitate a concentrated reflection and digest only what makes sense. &lt;em&gt;Pecking&lt;/em&gt; data should not be interpreted as harmful, but rather how to choose the most appropriate in our search. Harmful is &lt;em&gt;pecking&lt;/em&gt; bad information, that as in different times is ubiquitous, intentionally or not.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;INFORMACION y CONOCIMIENTO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt;)Mario Vargas Llosa (MVLL), ha publicado un polémico artículo (&lt;em&gt;Más información, menos conocimiento&lt;/em&gt;), relacionado con los modos de adquisición de conocimiento, en el que critica el extenso, facilista y desproporcionado uso del internet por parte de estudiantes y público en general. &lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; Según MVLL, muchos estudiantes -previos voraces leedores de libros- prefieren leer hoy resúmenes literarios habidos en el Internet, perdiendo la concentración tras leer 1 o 2 paginas, especialmente si el tema es complejo y demanda atención y reflexión. Un estudiante aludido por MVLL, se fué a vivir a una montaña de Colorado, sin telefonía móvil ni TV, escribiendo luego: ¿&lt;em&gt;Qué está haciendo Internet con nuestras mentes?&lt;/em&gt; (Taurus, 2011). &lt;strong&gt;III-IV)&lt;/strong&gt; Aunque los estudiantes reconocen los aportes de &lt;em&gt;Google, Twitter&lt;/em&gt;, etc a la información y comunicación, el ahorro de tiempo, la facilidad para compartir experiencias con todo el mundo, beneficios a empresas, investigación científica, desarrollo económico, transformación de nuestra vida cultural y modificación del modo de operar de nuestro cerebro, semejante al condicionado por la creación de la imprenta que generalizó la elitizada lectura de libros de entonces. &lt;strong&gt;V)&lt;/strong&gt; Según MVLL, la &lt;em&gt;web &lt;/em&gt;promueve el debilitamiento y no ejercicio de nuestra memoria, a causa de los archivos infinitos del ordenador, adaptándose nuestro cerebro al nuevo sistema de informarse y pensar, tornándose dependiente de esta herramienta. &lt;strong&gt;VI)&lt;/strong&gt; Mientras el filósofo Joe O’Shea, sostiene que “&lt;em&gt;Sentarse y leer un libro de cabo a rabo ya no tiene sentido&lt;/em&gt;”, la doctora Katherine Hayles (Universidad de Duke),dice: “&lt;em&gt;No puedo conseguir que mis alumnos lean libros extensos”&lt;/em&gt;, porque en &lt;em&gt;Google&lt;/em&gt; existen síntesis sencillas, claras y amenas. &lt;strong&gt;VII)&lt;/strong&gt; Por su lado Van Nimwegen dice que confiar a ordenadores la solución de nuestros problemas cognitivos reduce “&lt;em&gt;la capacidad de nuestros cerebros para conocer&lt;/em&gt;”, conduciendo a la robotización de la humanidad. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Réplica nuestra:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;)Mientras MVLL y estudiantes mencionados por el, se apoyan en el pasado (&lt;em&gt;bueno para su época&lt;/em&gt;), la mayoría de estudiantes modernos han virado a modos de trasmisión de información y conocimientos mas pragmáticos y futuristas, porque las in crescendo masas de información necesitan crecientes velocidades de acceso al cerebro humano, superfiltros, precisión y explicitéz (&lt;em&gt;formatos multimedia&lt;/em&gt;). Los buenos libros a los que alude MVLL, exhiben mayormente en formato único tanto en la presentación como en el contenido, presentan al conocimiento en forma de verdades únicas, mientras en la actualidad lo usual es aceptar muchas interpretaciones de una verdad única por descubrir. Los nuevos modos de adquisición de la información imitan al cerebro :mas que almacenar el contenido total de un libro de 3000 paginas (&lt;em&gt;algo bastante tonto&lt;/em&gt;), adoptan lo ultradigerido: 6 líneas, el verdadero cogollo del mismo. Por tanto lo de valor tanto en un libro antiguo como en internet es siempre poco. Lo que vale entonces es el persistente empleo del pensamiento critico, siendo recomendable además reinventar el software tanto como sea posible. &lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt; Aunque algunos libros no desaparecerán, la mayoría serán eliminados poco a poco. Mientras unos cuantos permanecerán como piezas de museo otros lo serán por su valor intrínseco. Después de todo un libro del pasado o del futuro, es tan virtual como otro gestado en la web: entra por los ojos y se digiere en el cerebro. &lt;strong&gt;3)&lt;/strong&gt; Pensar que el lenguaje hablado (&lt;em&gt;el que habla bien, piensa bien&lt;/em&gt;), es el mejor medio de trasmitir información apoya el dogma de que solo los buenos libros trasmitirán buena información. La multimedia breve, solida y precisa apabulla libros antiguos. Internet no elimina el hábito de la lectura, la agiliza, analizando y pensando más rápido, contribuyendo así a una mayor democratización de la información y del conocimiento. &lt;strong&gt;4)&lt;/strong&gt; Internet es una maravillosa biblioteca, en la que la rueda del pragmatismo eliminará lo superfluo. La mejor organización de los datos dará paso a veloces adquisiciones de conocimiento. Las redes grupales ayudan a investigar y profundizar, en ciencia, literatura, espiritualidad, pintura, historia, etc. &lt;strong&gt;5)&lt;/strong&gt; Lo mejor del internet es que la información dejó de ser el privilegio de unos pocos. Curiosamente, un número no despreciable de lectores ha leído el articulo de MVLL via online y le han respondido instantáneamente, criticándolo o aprobándolo. Este método socrático bidireccional (&lt;em&gt;tu a tu con el lector&lt;/em&gt;) ¿no es acaso uno de los mejores para digerir y adquirir conocimientos?. &lt;strong&gt;6)&lt;/strong&gt; Tan cierto es que internet permite la intrusión de los gobiernos en la información, como que permitió el triunfo de un debilucho Obama, las recientes revoluciones en pro de la democracia en países musulmanes y otras en España. &lt;strong&gt;7)&lt;/strong&gt; Que exista gente cuya mente será moldeada en parte por información proporcionada por los medios, no es novedad. La estupidéz afinca en ciertas personas y en algunos medios. No se puede volver inteligentes a todos, eso depende de cada uno. Lo que se necesita en internet es una mas eficiente organización de los datos, para facilitar una reflexión concentrada y digerir solo lo que tiene sentido. Picotear datos no debe ser interpretada como dañina, sino mas bien como escoger lo mas apropiado a nuestra búsqueda. Dañino es picotear y entronizar mala información, que al igual que en distintas épocas, es ubicua, intencionadamente o no. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-6227355096589769453?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/6227355096589769453/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=6227355096589769453&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6227355096589769453'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/6227355096589769453'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/information-and-knowledge.html' title='INFORMATION  and  KNOWLEDGE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fjR1aDlHTfk/TjrB1ySY98I/AAAAAAAAEaQ/yCj-gq_Y28Q/s72-c/mvll.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-866347704440564713</id><published>2011-08-02T20:58:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-02T21:13:20.643-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='vota por ciencia'/><title type='text'>VOTA  POR  CIENCIA</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:180%;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:180%;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;CIENCIA&lt;/em&gt; ESTA PARTICIPANDO EN "&lt;em&gt;20 BLOGS PERUANOS&lt;/em&gt;" EN LA CATEGORIA CIENCIAS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:180%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#3366ff;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;APOYANOS, HAZ CLICK AQUI: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://20blogs.pe/votar/?id=20"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#3366ff;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VOTAR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#009900;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:180%;"&gt;INGRESA TU E-MAIL. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:180%;"&gt;RECIBIRAS OTRO E-MAIL CONFIRMANDO TU VOTO.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:180%;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#993399;"&gt;MUCHAS GRACIAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color:#993399;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vKe-6egS1TU/TjjKJ-MncMI/AAAAAAAAEZY/mGHzvAq552Y/s1600/grande01.png"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 180px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 154px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5636477206317723842" border="0" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vKe-6egS1TU/TjjKJ-MncMI/AAAAAAAAEZY/mGHzvAq552Y/s320/grande01.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-866347704440564713?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/866347704440564713/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=866347704440564713&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/866347704440564713'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/866347704440564713'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/vota-por-ciencia.html' title='VOTA  POR  CIENCIA'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vKe-6egS1TU/TjjKJ-MncMI/AAAAAAAAEZY/mGHzvAq552Y/s72-c/grande01.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-8293596817681317999</id><published>2011-08-02T11:41:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-02T11:51:05.648-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='ANDROIDS   BEYOND  US'/><title type='text'>WHEN ANDROIDS WILL BE BEYOND  US</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OEqg9bG4pLE/TjhHC2_Jp5I/AAAAAAAAEZA/ftcLdaD5rNk/s1600/untitled.bmp"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 123px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 158px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5636333048099874706" border="0" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OEqg9bG4pLE/TjhHC2_Jp5I/AAAAAAAAEZA/ftcLdaD5rNk/s320/untitled.bmp" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt; The artificial enhancement of the human body grows daily: &lt;em&gt;cyborgization&lt;/em&gt; of people through technology, brain transplantation to computer, to live forever. How thin the line man-machine will be. According to the theologian Sabine Bobert although there are no boundaries between humans and animals, man-machine boundaries are more problematic. Retinal chips are being developed to optimize the human eye: eagle eyes, X-ray vision, perfect night vision, mind-computer interface directly for human severe disabilities. At the University of Munich are developing mechanical artificial tactile sensors, hands that feel, being attempted transferring machine stimuli generated to the human nervous system and vice versa. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; Some futuristics however assume that robots will reach human characteristics before to be superior to us. In the film &lt;em&gt;Blade Runner&lt;/em&gt;, some replicants (robots with AI) are destroyed after 4 years of existence because of their growing experience and personality. In the film, human-replicating boundary is marked by the highest human emotional content. A machine that feels is lively. Only a balance between reason, needs and feelings make us human. Piety, emotions, sacrifice and altruism on behalf of his race, is the difference between man and machine. Human decisions always carry an emotional tinge. &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/technik/0,1518,772236,00.html"&gt;For an android to be our brother must feel like a human&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. While human knowledge is achieved through experience and learning, the robot that will surpass us must have intelligence, cognition, emotion, ability to suffer, self-awareness, self-determination, experience, opportunity, wisdom and knowledge. In &lt;em&gt;2001 Space Odyssey&lt;/em&gt;, the 9000th HAL, a computer that feels, comes to life and intelligence. The android from &lt;em&gt;Star Trek: The Next Generation&lt;/em&gt; depends on the amount of his positrons (neurons) to acquire a rational consciousness. The 9000th HAL superior in terms of computing power has a basic program: curiosity. However, when two seemingly contradictory things seem to be true, a human child quickly decides on one thing or another, the computer not.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;CUANDO LOS ANDROIDES NOS SUPEREN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt;La mejora artificial del cuerpo humano crece día a día : &lt;em&gt;cyborgización &lt;/em&gt;de personas mediante tecnología, trasplantes cerebrales a computadores para vivir por siempre. Cuan delgada se prevee la línea hombre-máquina. Según la teóloga Sabine Bobert aunque no existen limites entre humanos y animales, los límites hombre-máquina son más problemáticos. Actualmente se desarrollan chips retinales para optimizar el ojo humano : ojos de águila, visión de rayos X, visión nocturna perfecta, interconexión directa mente- computador para incapacitados severos. En la Universidad de Munich se desarrollan sensores táctiles artificiales mecánicos, manos que sienten, intentándose trasferir estímulos generados en maquinas al sistema nervioso humano y viceversa, etc.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; Algunos visionarios empero suponen que los robots alcanzaran tesituras humanas antes de supernos totalmente. En el film &lt;em&gt;Blade Runner&lt;/em&gt; los replicantes (robots con IA), son aniquilados tras 4 años de existencia a causa de su creciente experiencia y personalidad. En el film, el límite humano-replicante esta signado por el mayor contenido emocional humano. Una máquina que siente es vida artificial animada. Solo un balance entre razón, necesidades y sentimientos nos hace humanos. Piedad, emociones, sacrificio y altruismo en favor de su raza, es la diferencia entre hombre-máquina. Las decisiones humanas siempre portan un tinte emocional. Para que un androide sea nuestro hermano debe sentir igual que un humano. Mientras el conocimiento humano se logra mediante experiencia y aprendizaje, el robot que nos supere tendrá inteligencia, cognición, emoción, habilidad para sufrir, autoconciencia, autodeterminación, experiencia, oportunidad, sabiduría y conocimiento. En &lt;em&gt;Odisea del espacio 2001&lt;/em&gt;, el HAL 9000th, un computador que siente, despierta a la vida e inteligencia. El androide de &lt;em&gt;Star Trek: The Next Generation &lt;/em&gt;depende de la cantidad de sus positrones (neuronas) para adquirir una conciencia racional. El HAL 9000th superior en términos de poder computacional contiene un programa básico : curiosidad, Empero, cuando 2 cosas aparentemente contradictorias parecen ser verdaderas, un niño humano decide rápidamente sobre una u otra cosa, la computadora no.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-8293596817681317999?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/8293596817681317999/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=8293596817681317999&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8293596817681317999'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8293596817681317999'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/when-androids-will-be-beyond-us.html' title='WHEN ANDROIDS WILL BE BEYOND  US'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OEqg9bG4pLE/TjhHC2_Jp5I/AAAAAAAAEZA/ftcLdaD5rNk/s72-c/untitled.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-2719661672609341557</id><published>2011-08-01T09:14:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-08-01T09:19:42.999-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS TREATED WITH STEM CELLS'/><title type='text'>MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS TREATED WITH STEM CELLS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Dyz77i4Xjm4/TjbSDT7ghuI/AAAAAAAAEY0/B5GD1MkRe5s/s1600/EM.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 251px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 201px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5635922938032064226" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Dyz77i4Xjm4/TjbSDT7ghuI/AAAAAAAAEY0/B5GD1MkRe5s/s320/EM.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Freed from the prohibition established during the regime of President Bush not to conduct experiments with human embryonic stem cells, now several American and European researchers develop innovative therapeutic experiments performed in animals against various human diseases, which heralds a new era in the history of medicine. One of these &lt;a href="http://www.genengnews.com/analysis-and-insight/advancing-stem-cell-therapies-for-multiple-sclerosis/73351614/"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;therapies try to eliminate cases of Multiple Sclerosis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;(MS: blurred vision, poor coordination and balance), a disease in which cells of the immune system destroys the myelin (protective covering of nerves that facilitates the transmission of electrical signals) that surrounds nerves of brain and spinal cord, preventing the sending of regular signals from the brain to body nerves. The usual treatment uses immunosupressor drugs to stop damage to myelin and myelin-forming cells. The novelty now is to extract stem cells from the patient, collect, culture and finally inject it into the bloodstream to stop or reverse damage to the nervous system. Some researchers believe that damage can be reversed by activating brain or spinal cord stem cells that will regenerate the myelin sheath. Dr. &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www1.imperial.ac.uk/medicine/people/p.muraro/publications/"&gt;Paolo Muraro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (Imperial College/UK), hopes to cure in this way to 150 to 200 people with MS in London, Edinburgh, USA, Canada and Italy. Later researchers will try to do the same with drugs that will trigger stem cells action.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;ESCLEROSIS MULTIPLE TRATADA CON CELULAS MADRE&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;durante el regimen del presidente Bush para realizar experimentos con células madre embrionarias humanas, ahora varios investigadores americanos y europeos, realizan innovadores experimentos terapéuticos en animales contra diversas enfermedades humanas, lo que augura una nueva era en la historia de la medicina. Una de estas terapias intenta eliminar los casos de &lt;strong&gt;Esclerosis Multiple&lt;/strong&gt; (EM : vision borrosa, pobre coordinacion y balance), enfermedad en la que celulas del sistema immune destruyen la mielina (cubierta protectora de los nervios que facilita la trasmisión de señales eléctricas), que rodea a los nervios cerebrales y de la medula espinal, impidiendo el envio de señales regulares del cerebro a los nervios corporales. El tratamiento usual emplea drogas inmunupresoras para detener el daño a la mielina y a las celulas formadoras de mielina. La novedad actual consiste en extraer celulas madre del propio paciente, colectarlas, multiplicarlas en numero e inyectarlas al torrente sanguíneo, para detener o revertir el daño al sistema nervioso. Algunos investigadores opinan que el daño puede ser revertido activando células madre cerebrales o medulares regeneradoras de la vaina de mielina. El Dr. Muraro (Imperial College/UK), espera tratar de este modo a 150 a 200 personas con EM en Londres, Edinburgo, USA, Canada e Italia. Mas adelante se intentara lograr lo mismo solo con medicamentos activadores de las células madre.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-2719661672609341557?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/2719661672609341557/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=2719661672609341557&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2719661672609341557'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2719661672609341557'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/08/multiple-sclerosis-treated-with-stem.html' title='MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS TREATED WITH STEM CELLS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Dyz77i4Xjm4/TjbSDT7ghuI/AAAAAAAAEY0/B5GD1MkRe5s/s72-c/EM.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-8814301280563381279</id><published>2011-07-24T08:52:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-24T09:00:12.285-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='WATER    EVERYWHERE'/><title type='text'>WATER    EVERYWHERE</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UD49c5VYaQE/TixA2KoLtfI/AAAAAAAAEW8/Ea4DZtiNuZA/s1600/nasa.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 240px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5632948533243655666" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UD49c5VYaQE/TixA2KoLtfI/AAAAAAAAEW8/Ea4DZtiNuZA/s320/nasa.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;American resarchers &lt;span style="color:#ff6666;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/universe20110722.html"&gt;(Matt Bradford/NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory/Calif) and others&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, discovered to 12 billion light years from earth, huge deposits of water vapor (able to cover 140 billion times the sea water of the whole earth), surrounding the core of a quasar (similar to APMO9279 +5255), which in turn surrounds a black hole that suck all surrounding matter, showing the presence of water anywhere in the world, even from primitive times. The quasar discovered 20 trillion times more massive than our sun, generates energy equivalent to thousands of trillions of suns. Although water vapor is also found in our Milky Way, it is in smaller amounts. The finding was made possible through the use of "Z-Spec" Submillimeter Observatory (10 m telescope located in Mauna Kea/Hawaii), the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-Wave Astronomy (Carma), located in Inyo Mountains/California and the Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) located in the French Alps for determination of water.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;AGUA EN TODO EL ESPACIO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cientificos americanos (Matt Bradford/NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory/Calif.) y otros, descubrieron a 12 billones de años luz de la tierra, gigantescos depositos de vapor de agua (capaces de cubrir 140 billones de veces el agua de mar de toda la tierra), rodeando al nucleo de un quásar (semejante al APMO9279+5255), que a su vez rodea un agujero negro succionador del todo tipo de materia circundante, demostrando la presencia de agua en cualquier lugar del universo, incluso desde épocas primigenias. El quásar descubierto 20 billones de veces mas masivo que nuestro sol, genera una energía equivalente a miles de trillones de soles. Aunque el vapor de agua también se encuentra en nuestra Via Lactea, lo es en menores cantidades. El hallazgo fue posible gracias al empleo del "Z-Spec" Submillimeter Observatory (telescopio de 10 m ubicado en Mauna Kea/Hawaii), el Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-Wave Astronomy (Carma), ubicado en las montañas Inyo/California y el Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI), ubicado en los alpes franceses para determinar la existencia de agua.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-8814301280563381279?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/8814301280563381279/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=8814301280563381279&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8814301280563381279'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8814301280563381279'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/07/water-everywhere.html' title='WATER    EVERYWHERE'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UD49c5VYaQE/TixA2KoLtfI/AAAAAAAAEW8/Ea4DZtiNuZA/s72-c/nasa.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-2481419988955799895</id><published>2011-07-20T10:39:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-20T10:56:03.787-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='FORMATION   OF  INSECT  WINGS'/><title type='text'>FORMATION   OF  INSECT  WINGS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-lUs_kWeQjd4/TicV4i9O8uI/AAAAAAAAEWM/fAleAEGZll4/s1600/image-237083-panoV9-evtw.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 154px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5631493920250589922" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-lUs_kWeQjd4/TicV4i9O8uI/AAAAAAAAEWM/fAleAEGZll4/s320/image-237083-panoV9-evtw.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/natur/0,1518,774625,00.html"&gt;Taken from Der Spiegel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;The expertise of two German scientists has permitted that fossils insect found in northeastern Brazil (&lt;em&gt;Cretaceous),&lt;/em&gt; resembling small mantis and dragonflies (120 million years old), provide a closer look on how the wings were formed in certain groups of insects. After examining fossil larvae and adult forms, scientists from Natural History Museum in Stuttgart (&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/natur/0,1518,774625,00.html"&gt;Günter Bechly and Arnold Staniczek),&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; described in the Journal: &lt;em&gt;"Insect Systematics &amp;amp; Evolution",&lt;/em&gt; the characteristics of &lt;em&gt;Chimärenflügler&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Coxoplectoptera&lt;/em&gt; fossil), adult insects mixed with different insects. Fossilized larvae of 10-32 mm long, covered with limestone carry front legs and jaws that reveal a predatory lifestyle. Also, short, strong and fat middle and posterior legs and laterally flattened body signaling a typical animal that walks daily through furrows. As the gills and insect wings have the same evolutionary origin, the researchers found that larvae carried wings plates on the back, these being initially rigid outgrowths. Today the plates of the wings are located on the left and right respectively.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;FORJA DE ALAS DE INSECTOS&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La pericia de 2 científicos alemanes ha permitido que insectos fósiles hallados en el noroeste brasileño (P. Cretácico), semejando pequeñas mantis y libélulas de 120 millones de años de antigüedad, proporcionen una visión más cercana acerca de cómo se formaron las alas en ciertos grupos de insectos. Tras examinar larvas y formas fósiles adultas, científicos del Natural History Museum in Stuttgart (Günter Bechly y Arnold Staniczek), describieron en el Journal : "&lt;em&gt;Insect Systematics &amp;amp; Evolution",&lt;/em&gt; las características del &lt;em&gt;Chimärenflügler&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Coxoplectoptera&lt;/em&gt; fósil), especie de insectos adultos mezclados con diferentes insectos. Las larvas fosilizadas de 10-32 mm de largo, incluidas en roca arcillosa y provistas de agallas portan piernas delanteras y mandíbulas que revelan un estilo de vida predatorio, piernas medias y posteriores fuertes y un cuerpo aplanado lateralmente típico del animal que camina cotidianamente a través de surcos. Como las agallas y las alas de los insectos tienen el mismo origen evolutivo, los investigadores observaron que las larvas portaban las placas de las alas en la espalda, siendo estas inicialmente excrecencias rigidas. Hoy en dia las placas de las alas se ubican a izquierda y derecha respectivamente. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-2481419988955799895?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/2481419988955799895/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=2481419988955799895&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2481419988955799895'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2481419988955799895'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/07/formation-of-insect-wings.html' title='FORMATION   OF  INSECT  WINGS'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-lUs_kWeQjd4/TicV4i9O8uI/AAAAAAAAEWM/fAleAEGZll4/s72-c/image-237083-panoV9-evtw.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-2800909723892265566</id><published>2011-07-18T13:55:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-18T14:45:33.995-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='DAWN  AND  VESTA'/><title type='text'>DAWN  AND  VESTA</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xddZ6OFYCr8&amp;amp;feature=related"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Finally, after 4 years of traveling the Dawn spacecraft entered the orbit of the asteroid Vesta (530 km wide) and began sending data. It will orbit the asteroid for 1 year mapping its surface, after which it will go to Ceres. It is thought that Vesta (188 million km from Earth) is the end product of a colossal collision that occurred in the past that cut its south pole. According to Charles Bolden (NASA), data extracted from Vesta : I) Will give details which would permit future trips (2025), from humans to these asteroids. Including Ceres and Vesta, there are about 47 large asteroids orbiting along a belt of rocky debris between Mars and Jupiter. II) The Dawn spacecraft powered by an ion engine will be captured by the gravitational field of Vesta, which will depends on the zoom level (200 km from the surface) and the mass of the asteroid.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;III) Vesta that has a central iron core and a silicate cover around it, is a compact rock that existed since the early days of the solar system. IV) Vesta and Ceres have evolved by heating and separating into different layers. V) At some point, some of its internal material was released and fell in the atmosphere of the earth as meteorites. VI) Ceres (950 km in diameter), is the largest and most massive asteroid of rocky belt, which retains some water or a band of ice beneath its surface. The Dawn spacecraft carries instruments to detect rocky minerals and other elements for evidence of geological processes (formation of mountains and rifts). VII) Understand how Vesta remodeled its surface by lava flows and impacts is one of the objectives of the mission. VIII) In time Vesta and Ceres may have satellital interplanetary communications retransmissors IX) areas of mineral exploitation and X) Even could be a transport medium (rockets, fuel).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;DAWN y VESTA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Al fin y tras 4 años de viaje la sonda Dawn ingresó a la órbita del asteroide Vesta (530 km de ancho) y empezó a enviar fotos. Orbitara al asteroide durante 1 año mapeando su superficie, tras lo cual se dirigirá a Ceres. Se cree que Vesta (a 188 millones de km de la Tierra), es el producto final de una colosal colisión ocurrida en el pasado que arrancó su polo sur. Según Charles Bolden (NASA), datos extraídos del Vesta permitirán : I) Conocer detalles que posibilitaran futuros viajes (2025), de humanos a estos asteroides. Incluyendo a Ceres y Vesta, existen unos 47 grandes asteroides orbitando a lo largo de un cinturón de restos rocosos entre Marte y Júpiter. II) La sonda Dawn que funciona con un motor iónico será capturada por el campo gravitacional de Vesta, lo cual dependerá del nivel de acercamiento (a 200 km de la superficie) y la masa del asteroide. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;III) Vesta que tiene un nucleo central de hierro y una cubierta de silicato alrededor de este, es un compacto de rocas existentes desde los primeros dias del Sistema Solar. IV) Vesta y Ceres evolucionaron mediante calentamientos y separaciones en distintas capas. V) En algún momento, algo de su material interno se liberó y cayó en la atmósfera de la tierra, en forma de meteoritos. VI) Ceres con 950km de diámetro, es el mas grande y masivo de un cinturón de asteroides, que retiene algo de agua o una banda de hielo, debajo de su superficie. La sonda Dawn porta instrumentos para detectar minerales y otros elementos rocosos buscando evidencias de procesos geológicos (formación de montañas y elevaciones). VII) Comprender como Vesta remodeló su superficie mediante impactos y flujos de lava es uno de los objetivos de la misión. VIII) Con el tiempo Vesta y Ceres podrían disponer de retrasmisores interplanetarios satelitales de comunicaciones IX) Tambien de areas de explotación de minerales X) Incluso de trasporte masivo (cohetes, fuel).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-2800909723892265566?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/2800909723892265566/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=2800909723892265566&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2800909723892265566'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/2800909723892265566'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/07/dawn-and-vesta.html' title='DAWN  AND  VESTA'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-8242587837543246753</id><published>2011-07-16T08:06:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-16T08:12:19.101-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='BROKEN   SYMMETRY'/><title type='text'>BROKEN   SYMMETRY</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-gEkMLOScCrA/TiGqD-n8WeI/AAAAAAAAEUo/RbR5GMtVtHI/s1600/tevatron_air.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 257px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5629967994516691426" border="0" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-gEkMLOScCrA/TiGqD-n8WeI/AAAAAAAAEUo/RbR5GMtVtHI/s320/tevatron_air.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;It is a novelty in the scientific community, the discovery of evidences of a new natural law. At the &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/natur/0,1518,774694,00.html"&gt;Tevatron &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(Fermilab particle accelerator), a group of scientists have quantified more muons (1%), than antimuons after colliding protons against antiprotons at energies up to 1.96 volts Teraelectron-volts. While independent confirmation is to be performed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), it is clear that this could be a new law of nature, with characteristics similar to those occurring in the universe shortly after the Big Bang when it was created more matter than antimatter, enabling the creation of all stars, galaxies and planets. According to the Standard Model, each particle has its respective matter antiparticle (CP Symmetry: C: charge, P: Parity), although of opposite sign they have the same properties, being mutually exclusive. A case of broken symmetry.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;SIMETRIA ROTA&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Causa novedad en el mundo científico el descubrimiento de evidencias de una nueva ley natural. En el Tevatron (Fermilab, acelerador de partículas), un grupo de científicos ha cuantificado un mayor número (1%), de muones (electrones superpesados), que antimuones después de colisionar protones contra antiprotones a energías de hasta 1.96 Teraelectron-voltios. Aunque se esperan confirmaciones independientes a ser realizadas en el Large Hadron Collider (LHC), es claro que podría tratarse de una nueva ley natural, con características similares a las ocurridas en el universo poco después del Big Bang cuando se creó mas materia que antimateria, permitiéndose la creación de todas las estrellas, galaxias y planetas. Según el Modelo Standard, a cada partícula le corresponde su respectiva antipartícula material (Simetría CP: C: carga, P : Paridad), que aunque de signo opuesto tienen las mismas propiedades, siendo mutuamente exclusivas. En este caso la simetría entre materia y antimateria está rota. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-8242587837543246753?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/8242587837543246753/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=8242587837543246753&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8242587837543246753'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/8242587837543246753'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/07/broken-symmetry.html' title='BROKEN   SYMMETRY'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-gEkMLOScCrA/TiGqD-n8WeI/AAAAAAAAEUo/RbR5GMtVtHI/s72-c/tevatron_air.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7963355130890964565</id><published>2011-07-14T04:22:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-14T04:35:53.835-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='BILATERAL   LEG   TRANSPLANT'/><title type='text'>BILATERAL   LEG   TRANSPLANT</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-YzijE5Q7k7g/Th7UTymnoXI/AAAAAAAAETY/c_8nUCFDM-A/s1600/pies.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 213px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5629170020726055282" border="0" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-YzijE5Q7k7g/Th7UTymnoXI/AAAAAAAAETY/c_8nUCFDM-A/s320/pies.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundosalud/documentos/2011/07/trasplante_piernas.html"&gt;LOOK THE GRAPHIC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundosalud/2011/07/11/noticias/1310379298.html"&gt;From El Mundo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;For Pedro Cavadas, the spanish surgeon (Hospital La Fe/Valencia/Spain), who made the &lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundosalud/2011/07/11/noticias/1310379298.html"&gt;first bilateral transplant of lower limbs : &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt; It is desirable to transplant when the lesion is above the knee with muscle enough to make a prosthesis. Below the knee, the prosthesis is the solution. &lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; It is easier to transplant upper limbs than lower because the movements of the last are more complex, affecting much more the union of nerves, muscles and blood vessels. &lt;strong&gt;III)&lt;/strong&gt; Hours after transplantation although nerves are united there is no nerve conduction,. The regeneration will be gradual depending on many factors. &lt;strong&gt;IV&lt;/strong&gt;) In lower limbs the neuronal regeneration is slower, because the distance of nerve fibers to the cell body is higher. &lt;strong&gt;V)&lt;/strong&gt; Back to walk properly, will depend on the regeneration of nerves in the transplanted limbs across multiple structures (muscles, joints, skin, etc.). As nerve regeneration occurs at a rate of 1 mm daily, in 10 days there will be re-innervated 1 cm. The total re-innervation of the graft could take years. &lt;strong&gt;VI)&lt;/strong&gt; For unclear reasons in transplanted upper limbs sensitivity recovery is faster: limbs are felt 9 months later while first finger movements are performed after 1 year. &lt;strong&gt;VII)&lt;/strong&gt; The receiver, a young man of 20-30 years will soon leave the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), waiting to move knees at 3 weeks, walking in a pool within 7 months and walking alone or with crutches within 1 year. To the long and difficult rehabilitation must be added the risks of immunosuppression.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;TRASPLANTE BILATERAL DE PIERNAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Para Pedro Cavadas, el cirujano español (Hospital La Fe/Valencia/España), que ha realizado el primer trasplante bilateral de miembros inferiores (mm.ii.) : &lt;strong&gt;I)&lt;/strong&gt; Es conveniente realizar trasplantes cuando la lesión se encuentra por encima de la rodilla, con musculo insuficiente para realizar una prótesis. Por debajo de la rodilla, la prótesis es la solución. &lt;strong&gt;II)&lt;/strong&gt; Es mas fácil trasplantar mm.ii. que mm.ss porque los movimientos de estos últimos son mas complejos, afectando mucho mas la unión de nervios, musculos y vasos sanguineos. &lt;strong&gt;III)&lt;/strong&gt; Horas después del trasplante no hay conducción nerviosa, aunque los nervios están unidos. La regeneracion será paulatina dependiendo de muchos factores. &lt;strong&gt;IV)&lt;/strong&gt; En los mm. ii., la regeneración neuronal es más lenta, porque la distancia de las fibras nerviosas al cuerpo neuronal es mayor. &lt;strong&gt;V)&lt;/strong&gt; Volver a caminar adecuadamente, dependerá de la regeneración de terminaciones nerviosas en los miembros trasplantados a lo largo de multiples estructuras (músculos, articulaciones, piel, etc.). Como la regeneración nerviosa ocurre a razón de 1 mm diario, en 10 días se habra re-inervado 1 cm. La re-inervación total del injerto podría tomar años. &lt;strong&gt;VI)&lt;/strong&gt; Por razones poco claras en brazos trasplantados la recuperación de la sensibilidad es más rápida, las extremidades se sienten 9 meses después mientras los primeros movimientos de los dedos se realizan después de 1 año. &lt;strong&gt;VII&lt;/strong&gt;) El receptor, un joven de 20-30 años abandonará pronto la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), esperando mover las rodillas en 3 semanas, caminar en una piscina dentro de 7 meses y andar solo o, con muletas dentro de 1 año. A la rehabilitación larga y complicada, se añaden los riesgos de la inmunosupresión.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-7963355130890964565?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/7963355130890964565/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=7963355130890964565&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7963355130890964565'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/7963355130890964565'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/07/bilateral-leg-transplant.html' title='BILATERAL   LEG   TRANSPLANT'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-YzijE5Q7k7g/Th7UTymnoXI/AAAAAAAAETY/c_8nUCFDM-A/s72-c/pies.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-5126334457606298564</id><published>2011-07-11T20:47:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-11T21:30:59.382-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PIONEERING ARTIFICIAL  TRACHEA  TRANSPLANT'/><title type='text'>PIONEERING ARTIFICIAL  TRACHEA  TRANSPLANT</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://youtu.be/-xekwwgvM3U"&gt;WATCH VIDEO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;The successful and &lt;a href="http://www.karolinska.se/en/OM/press-nyheter/nyhetslista/First-Successful-Transplantation-of-a-Synthetic-Tissue-Engineered-Windpipe-/"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;pioneering trachea transplant&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/a&gt;built with interlocking nanopolimers blocks similar to plastic and coated with stem cells to a terminal cancer patient, extends the concept of &lt;em&gt;cyborg&lt;/em&gt;s (half organic-half artificial), to unthinkable perspectives. The patient, a 36 year old African who suffered from tracheal cancer has been discharged and is recovering well without receiving antirejection medication. Previous tracheal transplants have been performed with human tracheas coated with stem cells coming from dead people. The operation was performed at the Karolinska University Hospital/Huddinge, Stockholm. Paolo Macchiarini, the surgeon who carried out the operation, designed the Y-shaped trachea, together with Alexander Seifalian (University College/London).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;TRASPLANTE DE TRAQUEA ARTIFICIAL&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;El exitoso y pionero trasplante de una traquea construida con bloques entrelazados de nanopolimeros semejantes al plastico común recubiertos con celulas madre del propio paciente canceroso, amplia el concepto de &lt;em&gt;cyborgs &lt;/em&gt;(mitad organico-mitad artificial), a perspectivas inimaginables. El paciente, un africano de 36 años que sufria de un cancer traqueal ha sido dado de alta y se recupera bien sin recibir medicación antirechazo. Los anteriores trasplantes también recubiertos con células madre fueron realizados con traqueas donadas de personas muertas. La operacion fue realizada en el Karolinska Hospital University/Huddinge, Stockholm. El cirujano Paolo Macchiarini que llevo a cabo la operacion, diseño la traquea en forma de Y, conjuntamente con Alexander Seifalian (University College/London).&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/10504874-5126334457606298564?l=vmechanm.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/feeds/5126334457606298564/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=10504874&amp;postID=5126334457606298564&amp;isPopup=true' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5126334457606298564'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/10504874/posts/default/5126334457606298564'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://vmechanm.blogspot.com/2011/07/pioneering-artificial-trachea.html' title='PIONEERING ARTIFICIAL  TRACHEA  TRANSPLANT'/><author><name>Victor   Mechán Mendez</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/07001418684447894429</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='23' height='32' src='http://bp2.blogger.com/_0ob39p8oiBw/SHjGE1tBL1I/AAAAAAAAB04/L_YOwfLQd1c/S220/Summaovni+(ID%3D2270270).+Photo+Author.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10504874.post-7191537182762575798</id><published>2011-07-10T06:57:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-10T07:11:36.677-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='WHAT’S  UP  IN   ASTRONOMY?'/><title type='text'>WHAT’S  UP  IN   ASTRONOMY?<
