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Saturday, October 03, 2009

ARDI




The journal Science has published 11 articles from 47 authors that analyze more than 110 remains of the genus Ardipithecus (4.4 million years), corresponding to 36 individuals, including one called Ardi, who represents a more primitive adult women than Lucy (Australopithecus afarensis: 3, 6 m of years), replacing her in the human branch of primate family. Ardi, female (small canines and thin and small skull) adult, no bigger than a modern chimpanzee, measured 4 feet tall and weighed 120 pounds. According to Gen Suwa which analyzed more than 145 teeth of Ardipithecus, they eat plants, small mammals, nuts and fruits, found in trees and land. Males also had short canines. While walking upright on two feet, their progress was not as efficient as shown by Lucy. Also they had not developed the plantar arch structure like Lucy or the genus Homo. While her hands were equal to extinct monkey, her arms were long with short legs. Her pelvis was transitioning from one adapted to living in trees to another adapted to bipedalism.

According to Tim D. White, leader of the project, the genus Ardipithecus represent a state of initial evolutionary adaptation, being possible that they were the closest ancestors of Australopithecus. Fossil remains of Ardipithecus have been mostly found in cold and wet areas along the Awash River, 45 miles south of Hadar, Ethiopia where was discovered in 1974, Lucy. According to C. O Lovejoy, social system showed little competition between males suggesting the beinning of male cooperation and male-female relations.

ARDI

La revista Science acaba de publicar 11 artículos pertenecientes a 47 autores en los que se analizan más de 110 restos del género Ardipithecus (4,4 millones de años), correspondientes a 36 individuos, incluyendo uno llamado Ardi, que representa a una mujer adulta más primitiva que Lucy (Australopithecus afarensis : 3, 6 m de años), reemplazándola en el brazo humano de la familia primate. Ardi, mujer (caninos + cráneo fino y pequeño) adulta, no más grande que un moderno chimpancé, medía 120 cm de altura y pesaba 50 kgs. Según Gen Suwa que analizó más de 145 dientes de ardipitecos, estos comían plantas, nueces pequeños mamíferos y pocas frutas, encontradas en árboles y tierra firme. Los machos también tenían caninos cortos. Aunque caminaban erguidos sobre sus dos piés, su marcha no fué tan eficiente como la exhibida por Lucy. Asimismo no habían desarrollado la estructura de sus arcos plantares al modo de Lucy o del género Homo. Mientras sus manos eran similares a las de monos extintos, sus brazos eran largos con piernas cortas. Su pelvis estaba en transición desde una adaptada a vivir en árboles a otra adaptada a la bipedalidad.

Según Tim D. White líder del proyecto, los ardipitecos representaban un estado de adaptación inicial evolutiva, siendo posible que sean los ancestros más cercanos de los Australopithecus. Los restos fósiles de ardipitecos han sido mayormente encontrados en áreas frías y húmedas a lo largo del río Awash, 45 millas al sur de Hadar-Etiopia donde fuese descubierta en 1974, Lucy. Según C. O Lovejoy, su sistema social revelaba escasa competencia entre machos sugiriendo el inicio de cooperaciones entre machos y relaciones macho-hembra.

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