ARTIFICIAL LEAF
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ARTIFICIAL LEAF
For over 10 years the american
chemist Daniel Nocera (Henry Dreyfus Professor of Energy and Chemistry at MIT/Sun Catalytix), is trying to copy parts of natural
photosynthesis to obtain cheap energy from sunlight. Last year he improved
what he calls artificial leaves: solar cells in thin sheets consisting of silicon and different catalytic materials (without
connections to wires
or external circuits), placed in water containers and exposed to sunlight to
generates a flow of
electricity with aid of catalysts that separates oxygen from hydrogen
(bubbles on both surfaces of an artificially leaf). The 2 streams of bubbles can be stored and used to
provide chemical energy.
Attached to silicon of one side of the sheet is a layer of artificial cobalt
catalyst which releases oxygen. The other side also composed of silicon, is covered with a layer
of nickel-molybdenum-zinc
alloy, which releases hydrogen from water molecules. In general, artificial
leaves are composed of cheap and
abundant materials: silicon, cobalt, nickel and ordinary water, Though there
are still problems to solve: gas storage, efficiency
process, greater uptake of
sunlight, etc, it is thought that in the future every home will have artificial leaves with
abundant energy for their homes.
HOJA
ARTIFICIAL
Desde hace mas de 10 años el químico americano
Daniel Nocera (Henry
Dreyfus Professor of Energy and Chemistry at MIT/Sun Catalytix), intenta artificialmente copiar partes de la fotosíntesis natural a fin
de obtener energía barata a partir de la
luz solar. De momento ha creado hojas artificiales : pequeñas y delgadas
hojas conteniendo celdas
solares compuestas de silice y diferentes materiales cataliticos (sin
conexiones a circuitos o alambres externos), las mismas
que colocadas en containers de agua y expuestas a la luz solar
generan flujos de electricidad
que con la ayuda de catalizadores separan al oxigeno del hidrogeno (burbujas en
las 2 superficies de la hoja artificial). Los 2
torrentes de burbujas pueden ser almacenados
y usados para proveer energia quimica, pudiendo ser reconvertidos a agua.
Unido al silice de uno de los lados de
la hoja artificial, existe una capa de catalizador de cobalto que libera oxigeno.
El
otro lado compuesto tambien de silice, esta
cubierto con una capa de aleacion de niquel-molibdeno-zinc
que libera H de las moleculas de agua. En general, las hojas artificiales estan compuestas de materiales baratos y abundantes: silice,
cobalto, niquel y agua ordinaria, Aunque
aun existen problemas por resolver:almacenamiento de los gases, eficiencia
del proceso, mayor captacion de
luz solar, etc, se piensa que en el futuro cada casa tendra hojas
artificiales que proveran energia barata a sus casas.
Labels: Artificial Leaf
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