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Sunday, September 17, 2006

Fragmented sleep = Less health and bad quality of life.


Some readers will have noticed that some of their near relatives older than 60 years, accuse difficulties to sleep, wake up several times at night (fragmented sleep), frequently sleep during the day and get sick but that their normal counterparts. A normal adult (more than 15, less than 65 years), sleeps: 8 hours, on the average. The statistics assume as normal that newborns and children sleep 14 hours but that those older than 60 years, sleep less than 6 hours. A fallacy, because independently of the age, all people should sleep 8 hours. For us, fragmented sleep and related pathologies are synonymous of bad quality of life. People that don't sleep well, live less and get sick but. Coming to this point, the obvious question is: Why do we sleep?. The proposers of theory of rest, argue that during the sleep, the anabolism is increased, that which is certain. Others argue that the prolonged sleep, exhibited by newborn and small children, is carried out to consolidate their memoirs: to order and to fix facts carried out during daytime. For us from -an overall point of view - a brain, with an inert body that sleeps permanently, to low temperatures and nurtures itself somehow (without oxidizers), it would live 120 or 130 years, easy. Under these conditions, it will be understood, that the body would be redundant.
The stress of the daytime, diminishes the average of life. Fish, birds and mammals sleep. Some animals (cows, sheeps), sleep of foot and many birds doze on tree branches, something unthinkable in human for whom the sleep (III-IV fractions of no-REM and the whole REM), is synonymous of muscle atony (paralysis), what forces us to sleep in horizontal position. In the last number of PNAS, a study is exhibited, approaching this thematic one. The researchers used flies that live 2 months. Some flies were followed in individual form, counting their periods of sleep. To others they induced fragmented sleep, administering them paraquat, a inducer of oxidative stress. Others were maintained to low temperatures (18 C). Conclusion: the flies that slept well (without fragmented sleep), to low temperatures and suffered smaller oxidative stress, enjoyed large lifespan. Knowing that in animals and human the sleep deprivation can lead to death, neurologists and behaviour psychologists don't hesitate in recomposing the fragmented sleep by means of diverse medications, foods and hormones. We say that sleep appropriate hours should be seen as part of the normal physiology of all people, independently of their age. Therefore what it cares is the promotion of lifestyles added to sport programs, recreation, anti-oxidative and balanced diet, an adequate number of hours of sleep, in their homes and respective work centers.
Sueño fragmentado = menos salud y mala calidad de vida.
Algunos lectores se habran percatado que algunos de sus familiares cercanos mayores de 60 años, acusan dificultades para dormir, se despiertan varias veces por la noche (sueño fragmentado), duermen frecuentemente durante el dia y se enferman mas, que sus pares normales. Un adulto (mas de 15, menor de 65 años), normal, duerme : 8 horas, en promedio. Las estadisticas asumen como normal, que neonatos y niños duerman algo mas y que los mayores de 60 años, duerman menos horas, que el promedio. Una falacia, porque independientemente de la edad, todas las personas deberian dormir 8 horas. Para nosotros, el sueño fragmentado y patologias relacionadas son sinónimo de mala calidad de vida. Las personas que no duermen bien, viven menos y se enferman mas. Llegados a este punto, la pregunta obvia es : ¿Por qué dormimos?. Los proponentes de la teoria del reposo, arguyen que durante el sueño se incrementa el anabolismo, lo cual es cierto. Otros argumentan que el sueño prolongado, exhibido por neonatos y niños pequeños, se realiza para consolidar sus memorias : ordenar y fijar hechos realizados durante la vigilia. Para nosotros –desde un punto de vista holistico- un cerebro, con un cuerpo inerte, que durmiese permanentemente a temperaturas bajas y se nutriese de algun modo (sin oxidantes), viviria 120 o 130 años, facil. En estas condiciones, como se comprendera, el cuerpo resultaria redundante.
El estrés de la vigilia, disminuye el promedio de vida. Sueñan, peces y aves. Algunos animales (vacas, carneros, ovejas), duermen de pie y muchas aves dormitan sobre ramas, algo impensable en humanos, para quienes el sueño (fracciones del no-REM y todo el REM), es sinonimo de atonia (paralisis), muscular, lo que nos obliga a dormir en posicion horizontal. En el ultimo numero del PNAS, se exhibe un estudio, abordando esta temática. Emplean moscas, que viven 2 meses. A unas las siguieron en forma individual, contabilizando sus periodos de sueño y a otras les indujeron sueño fragmentado, administrandoles paraquat, un promotor de estrés oxidativo. A otras las mantuvieron a bajas temperaturas (18 C). Conclusion: las moscas que durmieron bien (ausencia de fragmentación), a bajas temperaturas y sufrieron menor estrés oxidativo, disfrutaron de vidas medias mas prolongadas. Conociendo que en animales y humanos la deprivacion del sueño puede conducir a la muerte, neurologos y psicologos conductitsas no vacilan en recomponer el sueño mediante diversos medicamentos, alimentos y hormonas. Nosotros opinamos que dormir horas adecuadas debe ser vista como parte de la fisiologia normal de todo individuo, independientemente de su edad. Por tanto lo que importa es la promocion de estilos de vida, que añadan al deporte, recreacion, antioxidantes y alimentacion balanceada, un programa de horas de sueño adecuadas, en el hogar y en sus respectivos centros de trabajo.

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