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Wednesday, November 08, 2006

Huancayo: Children Food's intoxication.


After having ingested powdered, pasteurized (technique that destroy harmful germs) milk, contained in bags of plastic and fortified breads (with iron or, others) : 537 students (4-11 years), coming from 3 schools of Huancayo (Junin / Peru), developed 3 hours later: episodes of acute gastroenteritis, compatible with food intoxication (fever, diarrheas, vomits, abdominal pain). 5 students - the most serious - developed renal failure. Little more than 50% (297), of those affected went to the hospitals where at the end remained a total of 116. The portions of milk were part of the National Program of Alimentary Attendance (PRONAA), whose General Manager : Ricardo Segura Maravi, said that the milk and the fortified breads are distributed directly and daily -to the schools- for the own producers (Products :El Tambo and Bakery :Anicama). According to the newspaper El Comercio of Lima, in 1999: 24 children of Cusco died and other 22 remained with internal lesions, after have ingested polluted breakfasts with pesticides. In April of the 2004: l49 prisoners of a jail of Lima, were intoxicated without fatal consequences, after have ingested polluted foods with pesticides. In June of the 2004: 37 children coming from a daycare center were intoxicated after have ingested mazamorra (porridges of flour of corn: Zea mays L), blended with quinua (Chenopodium quinoa W), polluted with residuals of a raticide. In January of the 2005, 18 peasants from Ayacucho were intoxicated after ingesting chicha (non-alcoholic drink, made of corn), polluted with residuals of an insecticide. In August of the 2006, 403 residents of Inahuaya (Loreto/Peru), were intoxicated when ingesting foods (chickens), in not well state.

Although we don't want it, massive intoxications of this type, are commendable of happening, when they are stored and distributed in big quantities. It is the case of PRONAA that daily distributes 1 925 645 school breakfasts in the whole Peru. In September of the 2006, fresh packed spinaches and polluted with E. coli, strain : 0157-H7, intoxicated 204 Americans -3 deaths - in 26 states and a Canadian province (Jack Guzevich.FDA/USA). A little before (Sept/October/2006), fresh polluted tomatoes with Salmonella tiphimurium intoxicated 183 Americans of 21 states, happily without fatal consequences (Christopher Braden-CDC-). It is frequent that the contamination for microorganisms happens in foods stored to the environment (10-45 C). For the scarce time of incubation a serious possible causal germ is Staphilococcus aureus currently present in manipulators' hands (to whom should be taken cultures). The water of rebuilding of the milk could also have been polluted. But given the antecedents and the necessity to preserve the milk and to move away the rodents, another possibility is the presence of pesticides or residual raticides. It is very important in this case the realization of hemocultures/urine/ and mainly cultivation of feces, to those affected whose results should be compared with those coming from the polluted retained lots of powdered milk. A case like these that it puts on approval the preventive and epidemic services of a nation, should not be without identifying the germ, parasite or chemical causal, as well as to the whole chain of mechanisms implied in it. Finally peruvian researchers and the canadian company Radsafe is offering food irradiation, in order to destroy potential germs.

Penosa intoxicación alimenticia de niños huancainos.

Tras haber ingerido leche en polvo, pasteurizada (técnica que elimina gérmenes), contenida en bolsas de plástico y panes fortificados (con hierro u, otros), 537 escolares (4-11 años), procedentes de 3 colegios de Huancayo (Junin/Perú), desarrollaron 3 horas después: episodios de gastroenteritis aguda, compatibles con intoxicación alimenticia (fiebre, diarreas, vómitos, dolor abdominal). 5 escolares -los más graves- desarrollaron insuficiencia renal. Poco más del 50% (297), de los afectados acudieron a los hospitales donde quedaron internados, un total de 116. Las raciones de leche formaban parte del Programa Nacional de Asistencia Alimentaria (PRONAA), cuyo Director Ejecutivo Ricardo Maravi Segura, afirma que la leche y los panes fortificados son distribuidos directamente y a diario - a los colegios- por los propios productores (Productos El Tambo y Panaderia Anicama). Según el diario El Comercio de Lima, en 1999: 24 niños cusqueños murieron y otros 22 quedaron con lesiones internas, trás ingerir desayunos contaminados con pesticidas. En Abril del 2004 : l49 internos de un penal de Lima, se intoxicaron sin consecuencias fatales, trás ingerir alimentos contaminados con pesticidas. En Junio del 2004 : 37 niños procedentes de una guarderia infantil se intoxicaron trás ingerir mazamorra (gachas de harina de maiz :Zea mays L), mezclada con quinua (Chenopodium quinoa W), contaminada a su véz con residuos de un raticida. En Enero del 2005, 18 comuneros ayacuchanos se intoxicaron tras ingerir chicha morada (bebida no alcohólica, hecha de maiz), contaminada con residuos de un insecticida. En Agosto del 2006, 403 moradores de Inahuaya (Loreto/Perú), se intoxicaron al ingerir alimentos (pollos), en mal estado.

Aunque no lo deseamos, intoxicaciones masivas de este tipo, son plausibles de ocurrir, cuando se almacenan y distribuyen grandes cantidades de alimentos. Es el caso del PRONAA, que diariamente distribuye 1 925 645 desayunos escolares en todo el Perú. En Setiembre del 2006, espinacas frescas empaquetadas y contaminadas con E. coli, cepa : 0157-H7, intoxicaron a 204 americanos -3 muertos- en 26 estados y una provincia canadiense (Jack Guzevich –FDA/USA-). Un poco antes (Setiembre/Octubre/2006), tomates frescos contaminados con Salmonella tiphimurium intoxicaron a 183 americanos de 21 estados, felizmente sin consecuencias fatales (Christopher Braden-CDC-). Es frecuente que la contaminación por microorganismos ocurra en alimentos almacenados al medio ambiente (20-30 C). Por el escaso tiempo de incubación un posible germen causal seria Estafiloco aureus presente en manos de manipuladores (a quienes se les deberia tomar cultivos). El agua de reconstitución de la leche tambien podria haber estado contaminada. Empero dados los antecedentes y la necesidad de preservar la leche y alejar a los roedores, otra posibilidad es la presencia de pesticidas o raticidas residuales. Es muy importante en este caso la realización de hemo, uro y sobre todo coprocultivos, a los afectados cuyos resultados deberian ser cotejados con los procedentes de los lotes de leche en polvo contaminadas retenidas. Un caso como estos que pone a prueba los servicios preventivos y epidemiológicos de una nación, no deberia quedar sin identificar al germen, parásito o quimico causal, asi como a la cadena de mecanismos implicados en ello.Finalmente cientificos peruanos y la compañia canadiense Radsafe, ofrecen irradiar los alimentos -a escala- a fin de estirilizarlos.

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