THE REAL ORIGEN OF OIL
Until recently it was believed that dinosaur body decomposition occurred during Cretaceous Period (144-65 million years ago), was the main cause of the origin of oil on land. In contrast, Kenneth E. Peters, a petroleum geochemist at the University of Stanford, says that while any decaying organic matter can generate oil, recent research involving diatoms (unicellular microorganisms that live on warm sea surface), are the main cause of oil in seabed. Theory supported by many geologists that finding black submarine mud (diatoms broken), see it as a good predictor of existence of offshore oil. In the book "Vanished Ocean: How Tethys Reshape the World", Oxford U. Press by Dorrik Stow (Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh) and "Understanding Earth" by John Grotzinger (Southern Arizona University Geology), it is argued that nutrients coming from land rivers and upstreams rising to surface hot seas allow to live millions of diatoms, the same that after certain time decay being placed in seabeds in form of mud. The pressure and rising temperature of seabeds generates gas and oil. Much of this gas is expelled to the surface, but a little remain and with oil is held in seabeds due to intercurrent geological layers of rocks.
Upon termination of Tethys ocean (ancient sea of the Middle East), oil appears apparently based on land sources, when in fact it is extracted from seabed. When Tethys Sea began to disappear its remnants : Aral, Black, Caspian and Mediterranean seas form fertile coasts : a dozen Middle Eastern nations that produce 2/3 of current world oil. For this reason and despite of some recent tragedy, the oil exploration of seabed will not stop, continue and will double about 2015 in defiance of the Saudi Arabia. The offshore oil will continue to be exploited in the Gulf of Mexico, Brazil, Africa, Angola, Azerbaijan, Congo, Cuba, Egypt, Libya, Tanzania, Canada and Norway.
Upon termination of Tethys ocean (ancient sea of the Middle East), oil appears apparently based on land sources, when in fact it is extracted from seabed. When Tethys Sea began to disappear its remnants : Aral, Black, Caspian and Mediterranean seas form fertile coasts : a dozen Middle Eastern nations that produce 2/3 of current world oil. For this reason and despite of some recent tragedy, the oil exploration of seabed will not stop, continue and will double about 2015 in defiance of the Saudi Arabia. The offshore oil will continue to be exploited in the Gulf of Mexico, Brazil, Africa, Angola, Azerbaijan, Congo, Cuba, Egypt, Libya, Tanzania, Canada and Norway.
EL ORIGEN REAL DEL PETROLEO
Hasta hace poco se pensaba que la descomposición corporal de dinosaurios ocurrida durante el Periodo Cretácico (144-65 millones de años), era la causa principal del origen del petróleo en tierra firme. Contrariamente, Kenneth E. Peters, un geoquímico en petróleo de la Universidad de Stanford, sostiene que aunque cualquier materia orgánica en descomposición puede generar petróleo, investigaciones recientes suponen a las diatomeas (microrganismos unicelulares habitúes de superficies marinas calientes), como el principal causante del petróleo en fondos marinos. Teoría apoyada por muchos geólogos que al encontrar lodo submarino negruzco (diatomeas descompuestas), la ven como un buen predictor de existencia de petróleo submarino. En los libros “Vanished Ocean: How Tethys Reshaped the World” -Oxford U. Press- de Dorrik Stow (Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh) y “Understanding Earth” de John Grotzinger (Southern Arizona University Geology), se arguye que los nutrientes de aguas superficiales marinas provienen de flujos de ríos y corrientes submarinas ascendentes, las que en aguas calientes permiten la vigencia de millones de diatomeas, las mismas que descompuestas decantan en fondos marinos en forma de lodo. La presión y al incremento de la temperatura de los fondos marinos genera gas y petróleo. Gran parte de este gas es expelido hacia la superficie, pero un poco queda retenido conjuntamente con petróleo merced a capas geológicas de rocas intercurrentes.
Al extinguirse oceanos como el de Tethys (antiguo océano del Medio Oriente), aparece petróleo al parecer de procedencia terrestre, cuando en realidad es extraído de los fondos marinos. Cuando el Mar de Tethys empezó a desaparecer quedaron sus remanentes, los mares: Aral, Negro, Caspio y Mediterráneo, cuyas fértiles costas formaron una docena de naciones del Medio Oriente que producen 2/3 del petróleo mundial actual. Por tal razón y a despecho de algunas tragedias recientes, la exploración del petróleo de los fondos marinos no se detendrá, continuará y se duplicará alrededor del año 2015 desafiando al de Arabia Saudita. El petróleo submarino continuará siendo explotado en el Golfo de México, Brasil, Africa, Angola, Azerbaijan, Congo, Cuba, Egipto, Libia, Tanzania, Canadá y Noruega.
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