MARATHON RUNNERS
According to online news reports, 20 000 peruvians athletes (professionals and amateurs), would have participated in the IX Lima Half-Marathon (10 and 21 km), organized by the conglomerate newspaper : RPP (Radioprogramas del Perú). According to international estimates, 8000 (40%) marathon runners would have collapsed by not having planned their races. Benjamin Rapoport (MIT/Health Sciences and Technology), designed a model to run 42 km in an ideal time of 3 hours, 10 m. Otherwise, the athlete will collapse because his body will be depleted of energy. Marathon runners need to consume carbohydrates before and during the race. These are stored in liver and leg muscles, as glycogen. When carbohydrates are depleted, the body uses stored fat producing ketones that cause pain and fatigue. We also rely on our aerobic capacity (VO2max), which predict how efficiently the muscles will use oxygen during exercise. As it is known, glucose can be metabolized only in presence of oxygen.
An untrained individual has an average of 45 ml/kg/min of VO2max, which increases with training. We get an estimate of VO2max, measuring the heart rate while running. A man with a VO2max of 60 ml/kg/min will run a marathon in 3 hours and 10 m without consuming carbohydrates during the race. Women will do the same in 3 hs, 40 m. Big muscles store more glycogen. A marathon runner with a VO2max of 50 ml/kg/min, who pretend to employ 3 hs, 10 m., will require 10 kilocalories per kg /weight of carbohydrates and that his legs represent 15% of their body mass. Speed is also important. If from the beginning someone runs very fast he will burn a considerable amount of carbohydrates, with the risk to collapse.
CORREDORES DE MARATON
An untrained individual has an average of 45 ml/kg/min of VO2max, which increases with training. We get an estimate of VO2max, measuring the heart rate while running. A man with a VO2max of 60 ml/kg/min will run a marathon in 3 hours and 10 m without consuming carbohydrates during the race. Women will do the same in 3 hs, 40 m. Big muscles store more glycogen. A marathon runner with a VO2max of 50 ml/kg/min, who pretend to employ 3 hs, 10 m., will require 10 kilocalories per kg /weight of carbohydrates and that his legs represent 15% of their body mass. Speed is also important. If from the beginning someone runs very fast he will burn a considerable amount of carbohydrates, with the risk to collapse.
CORREDORES DE MARATON
De acuerdo a información periodística online, habrían participado 20 000 deportistas peruanos (entre profesionales y amateurs), en la IX MediaMaratón de Lima (21 km y 10 km), organizada por el complejo periodístico RPP (Radioprogramas del Perú). Acorde con estimados internacionales 8000 (40%), de estos maratonistas habrían colapsado al no haber planificado sus carreras. Benjamin Rapoport (MIT/Health Sciences and Technology), estima que para correr 42 km el tiempo ideal es 3 hs, 10 m. De no ser así, el deportista colapsará al quedar su cuerpo sin energía. Los maratonistas necesitan consumir carbohidratos antes y durante la carrera. Estos son almacenados en el hígado y músculos de las piernas, en forma de glucógeno. Cuando los carbohidratos se agotan, el organismo recurre a reservas grasas productoras de cetonas causantes de dolor y fatiga. También dependemos de nuestra capacidad aeróbica (VO2max), que valora cuan eficientemente usan los músculos el oxigeno durante el ejercicio. Como se sabe, la glucosa solo puede ser metabolizada en presencia de oxigeno.
Un individuo no entrenado tiene una VO2max promedio de 45 ml/kg/min, que aumenta con el entrenamiento. Se tiene un estimado del VO2max midiendo la frecuencia cardiaca mientras se corre sobre una faja. Un hombre con un VO2max de 60 ml/kg/min, correrá una maratón en 3 hs y 10 m sin consumir carbohidratos durante la carrera. En mujeres es : 3 hs, 40 m. Por cierto, músculos grandes almacenan mas glucógeno. Un maratonista con una VO2max de 50 ml/kg/min., que necesite establecer 3 hs, 10, necesita 10 kilocalorias de cabohidratos por kg/peso, y que sus piernas representen un 15% de su masa corporal. Importa también la velocidad. Si desde el inicio se corre muy rápido se quemará una cantidad considerable de carbohidratos, con lo que el riesgo de colapsar se incrementa.
Labels: marathon runners
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